阅读理解作者意图题

1、阅读理解作者意图题 山东 孙玉忠庖丁解牛阅读理解题目中的作者意图题目可以包括意图、态度、目的题目， 在考试中出现的比率很大。不同的文章可能有不同的写作意图,但写作意图通常有以下三种：1to entertain readers娱乐读者，让人发笑 2) to persuade readers说服读者接受某种观点3) to inform readers告知读者某些信息根据文体类别推断写作目的这就要求我们了解在历年高考阅读题中，不同文体与三种写作意图类型的大致对应关系，这有助于做好此类试题。第一种写作意图to entertain readers常见于故事类的文章。第二种写作意图to persuade

2、readers，to sell a product or a service，或是要通过对旅游景点报刊杂志影片电视节目等的介绍来到达他的写作目的：吸引更多的游客读者或订户观众等to attract more visitors / readers / audience。第三种写作意图to inform readers多见于科普类新闻报道类文化类或社会类的文章，了解这类文章的写作目的有赖于对文章主题的正确把握，阅读时有必要找准文章的主题句，或较好地对主题加以归纳。Example (1 )When a group of children politely stop a conversation wi

3、th you, saying：“We have to go to work now，you will be left feeling surprised and certainly uneasy. After all, this is the 2021s and the idea of children working is just unthinkable. That is, until you are told that they are all pupils of stage schools, and that the “work they go off to is to go on t

4、he stage in a theatre.Stage schools often act as agencies代理机构to supply children for stage and television work. More worthy of the name “stage school are those few places where children attend full time, with a training for the theatre and a general education.Question:In the writers opinion, a good s

5、tage school should _.A. produce star performersB. help pupils improve their study skillsC. train pupils in language and performing artsD. provide a general education and stage trainingAnalyze：D 由文章第二段第二句“stage school are places . with a training for the theatre and a general education.可知作者的对于stage s

6、chool的态度是D项。Example (2 )Inventor, physicist, surveyor, astronomer, biologist, artist . Robert Hooke was all these and more. Some say he was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century. In the course of his work, he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaac Newton, and the great ar

7、chitect, Christopher Wren. Hooke made valuable contributions to astronomy too. A crater (坑) on the moon is named after him in appreciation of his services to this branch of science.Question:The two paragraphs is to prove that _.A. Hooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th centuryB. H

8、ooke was good at making discoveriesC. Hookes contributions were not limited to one filedD. Hooke was one of the greatest astronomersAnalyze： C。通过这两段的说明，我们可以看出Robert Hooke是一个多面手，尤其第二段通过Hooke made valuable contributions to astronomy too.更加突出了Hooke在诸多方面的成就，以同第一段照应。小试牛刀I. 段落练习Exercise 1Do you enjoy read

9、ing? Do you read newspapers or magazines? Chances are, if you do any of these activities, your pre-school child is on his way to becoming a reader. The process of teaming to read is complex, and one of the most important things to know is that parents can help their children learn to read. As childr

10、en have conversations with adults, they hear both new and familiar words and their vocabulary grows.The more children get connected with talking, listening, reading and writing, the easier it is for them to become active readers. While you as a parent have a big influence on these early behaviors, i

11、t is important to remember that opportunities for literacy experiences happen when youand your child share in the basic routines of everyday life.Question : The passage is written to_A. talk about parents' influence on their children' s behaviorB. encourage parents to set a good example to t

12、heir childrenC. advise parents to make reading a part of their children' s daily lifeD. make parents believe in the importance of early readingExercise 2A computer virus is a program or piece of code that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge and runs against your wishes. All compu

13、ter viruses are manmade. Here are some virus prevention tips.Question :This passage mainly tells us_. .A. What a computer virus is B. how to use e-mail safelyC. how to use computers safelyD. how to prevent computer virusesExercise 3Doctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb, when childre

14、n who are already overweight grow up. So, what should we do? Exercise more? Eat less? Or both? The government feels it has to take responsibility for this expanding problem. The cheerful Mr. Pickwick, the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens, is seen in explaining as someone who is plump - and happy

15、. In 18th century paintings beauty is equated with rounded bodies and soft curves曲线. But nowadays being overweight is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart disease and diabetes糖尿病.Question :Mr Pickwick and paintings beauty of 18th century are used

16、as examples to show that_.A. fatness was considered something good at one timeB. a fat man is a cheerful characterC. beauty should be overweightD. fatness leads to an increased risk of diseasesExercise 4 Wilson's doctors suggested he take the drug Sutent, but the NHS英国国名健身保险制度 refused to fund th

17、e 3,500-a-month bill. Only last month, Wilson wrote in the Daily Mirror, "I love the NHS. I love the nurses, assistants and doctors who looked after me with such care and devotion. I've been paying NHS contributions since my first job at 17. They'll give me a facelift but will not pay f

18、or the drug which will treat my cancer. Question :By telling his own experience about the NHS , Wilson showed thatA. he loved the NHSB. the NHS should pay for the drag, Sutent, which would treat himC. people should pay larger contributions to the NHS',D. he had made no contributions to the NHSII

19、. 篇章练习Exercise 1Sometimes known as "The Big Apple" or "The City That Never Sleeps", New York is both the most populous city in the USA and a leading center of business, commerce, finance and media. The city is often referred to as "New York City", in order to distinguis

20、h it from the state it is in. The city is part of a large metropolitan (大都市的) area, and the combined city population is beyond 18.7 million. New York City is made up of five boroughs (行政区) and another nickname of the city is "The Five Boroughs". The five boroughs are: The Bronx. Brooklyn,

21、Manhattan, Queens and Staten Island. There are many famous buildings and sights in New York. especially in Manhattan. These include the Empire State Building, the Flatiron Building and the United Nations Building. When you visit New York, make sure you see Central Park. Times Square, Chinatown. Litt

22、le Italy and of course the Statue of Liberty. Additionally, there are many wonderful museums in New York. some truly excellent shops, some of the world's best theaters in the Broadway area. and the neighborhoods of Greenwich Village and SoHo which are well-known for the artists who reside there.

23、 Getting around New York City is simple - the city' s subway network is one of the most comprehensive in the world, connecting all parts of Manhattan in rapid time. However, the best way to see New York is undoubtedly on foot. Central Park is an ideal place to start a walking tour of New York Ci

24、ty - 843 acres of shining ponds and lush greenery attract locals and tourists. And apart from offering breathtaking scenery, it is a centre for recreation. Visitors can listen to music groups, watch performers, walk along the trails and even take a romantic ride in a horse carriage.Question:What is

25、the purpose of this passage? A. To explain why New York is called "The Big Apple".B. To tell people how to visit New York. C. To tell people the history and scenery of New York. D. To introduce the city - New York briefly.Exercise 2His Own Way to Express LoveYesterday was our three-year an

26、niversary. We didnt do anything romantic; we just walked hand in hand and talked about our past and the future. This was pretty much what I had expected.Andy is an unromantic guy: no sweet words or roses. Smarted as he is, he is a little bit shy expressing his love. On the contrary , I am an outspok

27、en girl who likes to show her feelings directly. So needless to say, I often feel that he is insensitive. I envy other girls who are surrounded by sweet words.I was in his sullen mood until I heard a beautiful sentence one day: “If one does not love you the way you like, it does not mean that he doe

28、s not love you. This simple but sensible sentence made me think about our happy days and recall his deep concern for me.One cold winter night, I got a high fever. He hurried to my dormitory and took me to the hospital. He was in such a hurry that he even forgot to wear socks. After arrival, he ran t

29、hrough the hospital handling all the formalities (手续). When I was put on a drip (点滴), he told me interesting stories to make me happy. Being held in his warm arms and listening to his gentle voice, I had never felt so safe and comfortable. Gradually, I fell asleep. When I woke up 15 minutes later, h

30、e was still whispering to me. He explained that if he had stopping talking I would have woken up. At that moment, I found love in his eyes.Another time, I had a bad quarrel with my best friend. Although I knew it was my fault, I refused to admit it. I was very angry when he insisted I apologize to h

31、er. He said that it was difficult to admit a mistake, but this was what everyone should do. The next morning, I apologized to my friend for her forgiveness.My unromantic boyfriend cares about my health like my father, understands me like my mother and helps me like my elder brother.Question:The writ

32、er tells the reader two stories to show thatA Andy is a romantic guy.B Andy has his own way to express love.C Andy is an insensitive guy.D. Andy is a foolish guy.帮你归纳(一) 这种题型常见的提问形式有：The writer writes this passage in order to _.The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _.What is the purpose

33、of writing this article?In writing the passage, the author intends to _.The writer uses the example ofto show that _.The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.are mentioned in the first paragraph to _. 二)阅读推断题思路及技巧：作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手段中体会出来。1. 这类询问语气态

34、度的考题中，选择项里常出现以下一些重要的词：sympathetic 同情的；critical批评的；doubtful疑心的；objective客观的；enthusiastic热情的，matter-of-fact实事求是的；hostile敌对的；satisfied满意的；friendly友好的；indifferent冷淡的；subjective主观的；optimistic乐观的；pessimistic悲观的；disappointed失望的；neutral中立的。 2. 询问写作目的的题，选择项里常出现的词是：explain解释；persuade劝说；comment评论；criticize批评；i

35、nterest引起的注意或兴趣；entertain使欢乐；argue辩论；demonstrate举例说明，示范；tell讲述；prove 证明；urge冲动；advise劝告；analyze分析；praise赞扬; view 看待,等等。3. 把握作者的态度、意图、目的，推测文章的深层含义是一项非常复杂的智力活动，需要我们具有很强的推理、判断和逻辑概括能力。推理就是要在对文章或段落整体理解的根底上，可根据某一关键句，经过逻辑判断，到达由旧而知新，由前而知后，由此而知彼，由表而知里。4. 掌握推理的最正确方法就是在推理中学习推理，多读文章，多做阅读理解题中有关作者的意图及文章的深层含义的题目，在

36、不断的实践中总结经验，形成自己的推理风格和特点。 尽量选取不同体裁和内容的的文章，熟悉各自不同的侧重点，通过文章线索来分析和判断作者的意图和所表达的观点。答案速递I. 1. C。作者意图题。根据文章末句可知文章的目的是告诉家长要培养孩子成为好的读者，应该把读书的行为贯穿在日常生活中，使之成为孩子们每天例行要做的事情。2. D。此题是考查作者意图题目，通过分析这篇文章是总分结构，通过Here are some virus prevention tips可以得知答案为D。3. A。由第二段 “The cheerful Mr Pickwick“ paintings beauty is equated

37、 with rounded bodies 可知， Mr Pickwick 和paintings beauty 都是当时人们崇尚的东西。4. B。根据本段中Ive been paying NHS contributions since my first job at 17. Theyll give me a facelift but will not pay for the dr

38、ug which will treat from my cancer.可知Wilson希望NHS为药物付款。II. 1. D。作者意图题目。通过文章的层次结构，我们知道第一段介绍了纽约的概况，下面分别介绍了她的五个区、旅游胜地、交通等。应选D。2. B。此题问：作者告诉读者这两个故事来表示什么？大多数考生拿到题就想，考查作者的意图，应该通读全文掌握大意或者阅读文章最后两段寻找表现作者意图的句子或者词语。但是考生需要注意的是看完题目不要急着回到文章寻找，而是看看选项，是否根据选项就能判断出正确答案，比方通过排除法，比照法等等，所以这道题

39、一样，看完题目看选项。很容易看到选项B中出现了标题的内容His Own Way to Express Love。选项与文章标题几乎完全一样，既然标题能揭示一篇文章的主旨，那么这里肯定正确选项就是B。单词百宝箱appreciation n. 感谢, 感谢, 正确评价, 欣赏, 增值We offer this small token by way of appreciation.我们赠送这小小的礼物以表谢意。literacy n. 识字能力，有文化I can't believe that he failed the literacy test, for he is so eloquent.

40、我无法相信,他识字测试不及格,因为他的口才很好。routine n. 例行公事It's just a routine medical examination; nothing to get worried about.这只是例行的体格检查,没有什么可担忧的。plump adj. (指动物、人)圆胖的；饱满的 She is plump without being fat.她长得饱满但并不肥胖。equate v. 使相等, 数视为平等My grandfather often equates inexperience with youth.我爷爷经常把年轻和缺乏经验相等同起来com

41、prehensive adj. 广泛的,综合的;The government gave a comprehensive explanation of its plans for industry.政府对其工业开展方案做了全面的解释。lush adj. 青葱的，繁荣的Trains pass through the lush countryside. 火车通过苍翠繁茂的乡下。anniversary n. 周年纪念I gave him a handsome present at the anniversary of his birthday.在他生日那天我送给他一份很好的礼物。sullen adj.

42、 沉沉不乐的A sullen look shaded his face.他因不快而沉下脸来。时文阅读The world economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming逼近 hunger crisis in poor countries and a looming energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a

43、global food crisis. Wheat, corn and rice prices increases combined with soaring energy costs will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even undermine破坏 political stability, as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti, Bangladesh and Burkin

44、a Faso. Practical solutions to these growing woes do exist, but we'll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally.So, what should be done？Here are three steps to ease the current crisis and avert防止, 防止 the potential for a global disaster. The first is to scale-up按比例增加,扩大 the dramatic succes

45、s of Malawi, a famine-prone遭遇饥荒 country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and high-yield seeds. Malawi's harvest doubled after just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion in all.Second, the U.S. and Europe should abandon their policies of subsidizing给补助金 the conversion of food into biofuels生物燃料.Third, we urgently need to weatherproof使防风雨 the world's crops as soon and as effectively as possible. For a po