状语从句在语法填空及写作中的运用上课讲义

1、状语从句在语法填空及写作中的运用WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.入乡随俗.Ifathingisworthdoing,itsworthdoiHJWett做的事者B值得做好.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成(wherethereislife,thereishope)留得青山在,不怕没柴烧Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.万事开头难.种类连接词注意区别：时间状语when/while/as/before/after/until/till/assoonas/hardlywhen/nosoonertha

2、n/名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句：theminute,themoment,everytime,thefirsttime/instantly/directly/immediately/bythetimeas和when、while:when引导短暂性动作的动词.as一边.一边引导持续性动作,强调主句和从句的动作同时发生；“随着,while指在某一#时间里,在期间,while引导的动作必须是持续性的.till/until和nottill/until:Until可用于句首,叫till通常不用于句首.地点状语where/whereverwhere,fev某一个地方；wherever,fev任何一个地

3、方.原因状语because/as/since/nowthat/forbecause口since、for、as、nowthat：because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,答复why提出的问题.当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或sinceo由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面后逗号,那么可以用for来代替.但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for.Since/nowthat都表示既然nowthate要是现在发生的,since可以是现在,也可以是过去和现在.条件状语if/unless/once/incase/aslongas/onconditiontha

4、t多用一般时态,如果表示一般将来的情况,就用一般现在时,如果表示过去将来的情况,就用一般过去时.目的状语(so)that,/inorderthat/forfearthat/incase/lestsothat和inorderthat后常接may,should,could,would等情态动词结果状语sothat,suchthatsuch是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so是副词,只能修饰形谷词或副词.so还可与表不数重的形谷词many,few,much,little连用,形成固定搭配.比拟状语than/asasnotso/asas/themorethemore方式状语asif,asthough,a

5、s,(just)asasif和asthough引导的从句一般用虚拟语气.让步状语though/although/evenif/eventhough/as/while,nomatterwhat/who/which/how/when,whatever/whoever/whichever/however/wheneveras在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式；although和though用正常语序,可和yet连用,但/、可和but连用近年高考题荟萃1. Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyeste

6、rday.A.whenB.whileC.afterD.since2. MyparentsdontmindwhatjobIdoIamhappy.A.eventhoughB.assoonasC.aslongasD.asthough3. Youcantborrowbooksfromtheschoollibraryyougeoyrstudentcard.A.beforeB.ifC.whileD.as4. Allthedishesinthismenu,otherwisestated,willservetwotothreepeople.|A.asB.ifC.thoughD.unless5.Becauseo

7、fthefinancialcrisis,daysaregonelocal5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since6.unemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.A.BeforeB.WhereC.UnlessD.Until7.Imsorryyouvebeenwaitingsolongitllstillbesometime_Briangetsback.A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after8.W

8、ellhaveapicnicintheparkthisSundayitrainsoritsverycold.A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.hefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.A.TowalkB.WalkingC.WalkedD.Havingwalked10 .Youdbetternotleavethemedicinekidscangetatit.A.evenifB.whichC.whereD.sothat11 .Iwontcallyousomethingunexpectedhappens.

9、A.unlessB.whetherC.becauseD.while12 .-Wherethatreport?IbroughtittoyouyouwereinMr.Blacksofficeyesterday.A.ifB.whenC.becauseD.before13 .Mostbirdsfinditsafetosleepinthetrees,buttheyhaveeggsoryoungchicks,theydontuseanest.A.whyB.howC.unlessD.where14 .whenhasthecountrybeenopentointernationaltrade?1978,Isu

10、ppose.A.SinceB.InC.FromD.After15 .Myparentsliveinasmallvillage.Theyalwayskeepcandlesinthehousethereisapowerout.A.ifB.unlessC.incaseD.sothat16 .Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,theyknewittobevaluable.A.asifB.nowthatC.eventhoughD.sothat17 .IreallydontlikeIaindhisworkimpressive.A.AsB.SinceC.IfD.Whil

11、e18 youvetriedjtyoucantimaginehowpleasantitis.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When19 .Ifyouaretravelingthecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoastheRomansdo.A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where20 .Intimeofseriousaccidents,weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless21 .How

12、canyouexpecttolearnanythingyouneverlisten?A.incaseB.evenifC.unlessD.whenthereishumansuffering.22.Inpeace,too,theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelpA.whoeverB.however23.Thisisaveryinterestingbook.IA. howmuchmayitcostC.howevermuchitmaycostC.whateverD.wherever,llbuyit.B. nomatterhowitmaycostD.howmayitcost24.

13、Idliketoarrive20minutesearlyIcanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat25. Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverD.although四、状语从句写作优化1 .以after和before引导的状语从句的主语假设与主句主语一致时,从句等于after/before+doingsth.作状语.例：Aftershesang,shelefttherichmanshouse.=Aft

14、ersinging,shelefttherichmanshouse.译：大学毕业之后,他到国外深造.2 .以assoonas引导的状语从句的主语假设与主句主语一致时,从句等于on+doingsth.,作状语,此时的动词为非延续性动词.例：Marybegantooperateonthewoundedsoldiersassoonashearrivedatthevillage.=Marybegantooperateonthewoundedsoldiersonarrivingatthevillage译：警察赶到事故现场立即将伤者送往医院3 .时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时,有时可简化

15、为不定式作状语.例：Shestoppedwhenshesawherhusband.=ShestoppedtoseeherhusbandIfyouwanttounderstandthefarmers,youmustgotothecountryside.=,youmustgotothecountryside.4 .结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可以简化为不定式作状语；假设两者主语不一致时,那么应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语.例：Hewassotiedthathecouldntgoanyfurther.=Hewastootiedtogoanyfurther.Icamehereso

16、thatIcouldasksomequestions.=Icameheresomequestions.5 .以when,while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语假设与主句主语一致时,从句等于when/while/if+doingsth.作状语,表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中.例：Whenheturnedontheradio,hefounditbroken.=Whenturningontheradio,hefounditbroken.Whileshewaswalkingalongthestreet,shewashitbyacar.=,shewashitbyacar

17、.6 .原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可简化为分词短语作状语.例：SinceldidntknowChinese,ItriedtospeaktoherinEnglish.=,ItriedtospeaktoherinEnglish.注意：形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语,来代替原因状语从句,放在句首、句末均可,但一般应加逗号.例：Ashewasthirstyandeagertogetalittlerest,hewentintothetea-house.=,hewentintothetea-house.7 .在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中,假设从句和主句主语不一致时,可简化为分词复合结构作状语.

18、有时也可简化为“with/without名词或代词十分词短语形式作状语.例：Whenthefilmstartappeared,thechildrengotexited.=Thefilmstartappearing,thechildrengotexited.Ifalltheworkisdone,youcanhavearest.=,youcanhavearest.Nothingcanliveifthereisnoair.8 .让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可简化为分词短语作状语；不一致时,常简化为with或inspiteof介词短语作状语.例：Althoughhefacedhisdeath,

19、hedidntsayanythingbeforetheenemy.=,hedidntsayanythingbeforetheenemy.Althoughtherewasdanger,herushedouttocarrytheboytosafety.=,herushedouttocarrytheboytosafety.9 .表示一就一的结构hardly/scarcelywhen/before,nosoonerthan和assoonas者B可以表示就一的意思,注意：如果hardly,scarcely或nosooner置于句首,句子必须用倒装结构：例：Ihadhardly/scarcelygotho

20、mewhenitbegantorain.=倒装Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.=倒装五.As引导的让步状语从句的倒装：1 .形容词+as+主语+系动词：例：Tiredasheis,heofferstohelpme.尽管他已经很累了,他还是主动提出帮助我.2 .过去分词+as+主语+系动词：例：Well-knownasthebookis,theauthorisnotsatisfiedandpreparedtoreviseit.尽管这本书写得很好,作者还是不满意并打算修改它.3 .名词+as+主语+系动词：例：Studentasheis,hedoesnotstudyhard.他虽然是个学生,但却不努力学习.4 .副词+as+主语+谓语局部：例：MuchasIadmirehiscourage,Idontthinkheactedwisely.我虽然钦佩他的勇气,但我认为他这样做是不明智的.5 .动词原形+as+主