物流外文文献与翻译

1、文献出处：Mahpula A. The Research of Regional Logistics CompetitivenessJ. Journal of Tran sport Geography, 2015, 15(2): 30-34.原文The Research of Regi onal Logistics Competitive nessMahpula AAbstractAt prese nt, the developme nt of logistics is the logistics dema nd rapidin crease, the expa nding market ca

2、pacity, accelerates the con struct ionoflogisticsinfrastructure,third-party logistics fast growth the tendency,the whole logisticsin dustryis develop ing in the direct ionof theinformation,globalization and specialization.At the sametime, with therapid in crease of logistics dema nd, the developme n

3、t of the regi onal logistics more rapidly. Regional logistics is an important part of regional economy, the existenee and development of regional logistics is the premise of existenee and development of regional economy, no regional economy there would be no regi on al logistics. Regi on al logistic

4、s andregional economic development level, is closely related to the scale and the level of the differe nt regi onal econo mic shape, size and in dustry, determines the level of regional logistics, the scale and structure form. Regi onal econo mic in tegrati on can make the area and regi on al logist

5、ics in cli ne to reas on able, adapt to reas on able layout of in dustrial structure, to reduce logistics cost, promote the development of regional logistics.On the other hand, the regi onal econo mic developme nt is in separable from the developme nt of regi on al logistics and regi on al logistics

6、 to provide support and guarantee for the development of regional economy, the development of the regional logistics will drive and promote the further development of regional economy. Therefore, the development of the regional logistics has become to improve the regionalinvestmentenvironment and in

7、dustry development environment, expanding the scope of the regi onal in flue nee, the key to enhancing regi onal competitive ness.Keywords: Regi onal logistics;Regi onal logistics competitive ness;Evaluatio n in dex1 In troducti onThe rapid development of world economyand the progress of modern scie

8、nee and tech no logy, the logistics in dustry as an emerg ing service in dustry, is develop ing rapidly in the global scope. Intern ati on ally, logistics in dustry is con sidered to be the econo mic developme nt of the artery and basic in dustry, its developme nt degree become to measure a coun try

9、's moder ni zatio n degree and comprehe nsive n ati onal stre ngth, one of the important marks is known as the "third profit source" of the enterprise, its role is more and more big, became the current after the IT industry, finan cial in dustry's hottest emerg ing in dustry a new

10、growth point of nationaleconomy, and caused widespread socialattention.Regionallogistics is an important component of regional economy, is the importantforce in the formati on and developme nt of regi onal econom y, it is to improve the efficie ncy and econo mic ben efit in the field of regi onal ci

11、rculati on, i mprove the competitive ability of regi onal market, etc., plays a positive role in active. Behi nd the rapid developme nt of moder n logistics, however, there are still many problems; including logistics competitive ness level is lower tha n the level of logistics developme nt is parti

12、cularly prominent. Choos ing logisticscompetitive nessdevelopment level evaluation index, since there is no uniform standard, can only use freight or freight turno ver scale to measure logistics.Impleme ntati on of goods tran sport is the process of logistics spatial displacement at the center of th

13、e link, with the two indicators to measure logistics scale has certain scientific, but it can't reflect the outline of the regi onal logistics. Estimates of logistics dema nd, typically based on GDP and total retail sales of social con sumer goods such as in dex of nationaleconomic accounting. T

14、his is just a simple measure of the macrolevel, the proporti on of differe nt researchers use differe nt, ra nging from tee ns to twenty perce nt, there are large differe nee betwee n the results and gives theoreticalanalysis greater difficulties. At the sametime, the logistics industry's econom

15、ic statistical data shortage, there is no comprehe nsivelogistics dema nd statistics, which made usqualitative un dersta nding of the level of un dersta nding of logistics.2 Literature reviewAbout the Core Compete nee theory, Core Compete nee (Core Compete nee) of the orig inal in ten tio n is the C

16、ore skills or Core skills, this eon eept is in 1990 by the Ameriean strategie management experts made (C.K.P rahalad) and Britai n's strategie man ageme nt experts hamer (e. amel), refers to the en terpriseorga ni zati onof aeeumulati ngkno wledge,espeeially about how to eoordi nate differe ntpr

17、oduet ionskills andintegrate a variety of teehniealknowledge, and on the basis of advantageover other eompetitors unique ability, n amely Core Compete nee is built on the basis of enterprise Core resourees, is the enterprise intelligenee, teeh no logy, produets,man ageme nt, eulture and other eleme

18、nts in therefleet ion of eomprehe nsive adva ntage in the market. At prese nt there are three typieal aeademie argument: the ability theory represented by Rossby and Christie's sehool; Sehool represe nted by porter's theory of market strueture; Represe nted by Werner Phil and Pen rose's

19、theory of resouree sehool. Core eompetitivenessis value, the ability to integrated,uniquen ess, exte nsibility and in here nt eharaeteristies.Related theory, the study of regi on al logisties, the logisties researeh of Europe and the Un ited States, Japa n and other developed eoun tries, foeus on th

20、e en terprise level, is eommitted to provid ingen terpriseoptimizati on strategy. And regi onal logistiessystem and eompetitive nessreseareh, invo Ived. Aeeord ing to literature review, the regi onal intern atio nal logisties field of researeh main ly in eludes the followi ngaspects: (1) from the pe

21、rspective of mult in ati onal compa ny research the global logistics resources con figurati onand coord in ati onproblems.Specific include logistics infrastructure, market competition mechanism and the problem of logistics supply chain operation.Such researchqua ntificati on tech no logy such as usi

22、ng the operati onal research tools, more for the global network of supply chain facilitylocation positioning,and coordi nate the factory more support, strategic distributio n system desig n problem. This is an exte nsion of the logistics en terprise level optimization study, the commonly used method

23、s include mathematical an alytical method, system simulatio n method and heuristic methods, etc.If only one method and graphical method solving the problem of the layout of the site; Mixed integer programming solve the problem of site selection of logisticscenter and logistics planning, etc.(2) from

24、 the perspectiveof urba n economy and the en vir onment, the research of urba n traffic n etwork Sett in gs. For example Tanjguchietal from the city level, using a dynamic trafficsimulation model, quantitativeresearch economic growth,the tran sportdema nd, as well as the related road con gesti on an

25、denvironmental pollution.(3)from the point of view of the city government,study its role in macro logistics development and utility. For example MeirJ. R and Sen blatt, studied the global supply cha in man ageme nt in in frastructure financing, tran sportati on and regi onal tradi ng rules, corporat

26、e tax law of the gover nment subsidies, and other effects of the main factors of global producti on and distributi on n etwork, etc.3 In troductio n to the theory of regi on al logistics related3.1 The defi niti on of regi on al logisticsAcademic defi niti on of regi on al logistics has not yet un i

27、fied, a moreaccepted view is that regional logistics is the geographical environment in a certain area, with large and medium-sized cities as the center, based on the regional scale and scope economy, combined with effective logistics service scope, area in side and outside of all kinds of goods fro

28、m the supplier to accept to effective en tity flow; Is the tran sport, storage, loading and unioading, handling, distribution, packaging, circulation process ing,in formati onprocess ing, such as in tegrated logisticsactivities, to service in the composite system of regi onal econo mic developme nt.

29、 It requires the in tegrati on, the in tegrati on of logistics man ageme nt, n amely to meet user n eeds for the purpose, to the goods, services and related in formatio n from the supplier to accept to the efficient flow of planning, execution, and control activities, is the orga nic un ity of cash-

30、flow, in formati on flow and cash flow.3.2 Relati on ship of regi on al logistics subject, object and carrierRegi onal logistics has the characteristics of multi-level and multi-dimensional structure, its basic elements include logistics main body, object and logistics carrier, and the structure of

31、the basic elements and their complete system, each element show differentfeatures, thus formi ng the fun ctio n of the regi on al logistics. Regi on al logisticsmain body is directly invoIved in or specialized is engagedin the economic orga ni zati on of regi on al logistics activity, in cludi ng th

32、e owner of the goodsFlow, the third party logistics en terprise, storage an d tran sportati on enterprise, etc. Logistics is the supply chain logistics channels, the start ing point and end point of conn ecti on in the whole course of the regional logistics activity plays a dominant and decisive rol

33、e. Elements of the in tegrated logistics subject is the esse ntial characteristic of modern logistics.Therefore, the elements of logistics as one of the mainbody, logistics has a decisive role in the development of logistics in dustry. Similar accumulati on and regi onal economy in dustry, regi onal

34、 logistics also emphasizes the logistics main body accumulation, logistics main body in space is beneficial to promote the logistics activities of large-scale, intensive, body development, it is also a regional logistics park, logistics center, the objective basis of the formationofdistributi on cen

35、 ters, and regi on al logistics park, logistics cen ter and distributio n cen ter determ ines the spatial structure of the regi onal logistics system.3.3 Regi on al logistics and regi onal econo mic relati onsRegional logistics is an important part of regional economy, the existenee and developme nt

36、 of regi on al logistics is the premise of existe nce anddevelopme nt of regi onal economy, no regi onal economy there would be noregional logistics. Regional logisticsand regional economic developmentlevel, is closely related to the scale and the level of the different regi onal econo mic shape, si

37、ze and in dustry, determ ines the level of regi on al logistics, the scale and structure form. Logistics is always accompa nied by bus in ess flow, the more adva need the regi onal economy, manufacturing and trading more active, the logisticsindustry as a servicein dustry will have a good customer b

38、ase and market in frastructure, the greater the cha nee of large-scale developme nt. On the other hand, the regi onal econo mic developme nt is in separable from the developme nt of regional logistics and regionallogistics to provide support andguarantee for the development of regional economy, the

39、development of the regi on al logistics will drive and promote the further developme nt ofregi onal economy. Thus, regi on al logistics and regi onal economy is the unity of interdependence. Regional economyis the premise and foundation of regional logisticsdevelopment, is the dominant force in the

40、regionallogisticsdevelopment;Regional logistics is an important part ofregional economy, is the regional economic support system, and serve the regi onal economy. Regi on al logistics developme nt goal and strategy must obey and serve the regi onal econo mic developme nt goals and strategies.4 Regi

41、on al logistics competitive nessRegional logisticscompetitivenessrefers to a certainspace range(generaladministrativearea as the border, across regions),thelogistics in dustry are differe nt from other areas of the assig nment of resources was made in the advantage, the logistics enterprises, gover

42、nment policy support and in dustrial inno vati onability, eve ntuallyembodied through regi onal internal benign competiti on will be more tha n all kinds of resources, the ability to effectively integrate to form a complementary and integratedability system, reflect the regionalcomparis on of compet

43、itive power in the logistics activity, reflect the size of the regional logistics service ability and the logistics industry developme nt level of high and low. The competitive ness of the regi onal logistics is mainly composedof six basic elements constitute:social andecono mic developme nt level,

44、scale of logistics dema nd and supply con diti on of logistics, the logistics developme nt of logistics in dustry in the en terprise in formati on developme nt level, developme nt level, the macro en vir onment.4.1 The social and econo mic developme nt levelComprehensive social and economic developm

45、ent level reflects the regional logisticscompetitivenesslevel of social economic basis, istheguarantee of development of regional logistics competitiveness, to provide support for the susta in able developme nt of regi on al logistics, from the other side also reflects the competitiveness of regiona

46、l logistics developme nt pote ntial and power.4.2 The logistics dema nd scaleLogisticsdemandscale is mainly refers to the logistics services in thefield such as production, consumption and circulationquantity and scale,to some extent, restricted by local resource conditions, it reflects a regi on, t

47、he dema nd forlogistics service level and size: the size of thelogistics dema nd, determ ines the size of the logistics market capacity, is the premise of existenee and development of regional logisticsindustryand the foun dati on.4.3 Logistics supply con diti onThe supply condition of logistics ref

48、ers to the logisticsinfrastructureprovided for the developme nt of the logistics in dustry, all kinds of logistics tech no logy and equipme nt, is en gaged in the logistics services en terprises and the corresp onding professi on als such as the nu mber and size of traffic capacity and regionalsitua

49、tion,the comprehensivereflect ion of regi onal logistics supply capacity and service level, reflects the effect on the developme nt of the logistics in dustry to promote and satisfaction,is the main factor of the formation anddevelopme nt of regi on al logistics competiti on.4.4 Logistics en terpris

50、e developme nt levelLogistics en terprise comprehe nsive developme nt level reflectstheregional logistics main body's ability to provide logistics services and meet customer dema nd, embodies the subject of logistics operati on level, mainly including the enterprise competition ability, profit a

51、bility and performa nee level, reflect a certa in period of logistics en terprises in the area of the overall level of developme nt, is the key factor for the formati on of regi on al logistics competitive ness.4.5 In formatio n developme nt levelMain lyrefers to the regi onalin formatio ndevelopme

52、ntlevel ofin formatio ndegree and the level of in formatio ntech no logy.Logistics isbased on information flow, logistics has becomemore and more rely on the whole process of access to in formatio n. Many logistics en terprises have established their own in formatio n man ageme nt system as a crucia

53、l to the development of its core competitiveness,the development level ofin formatio n is the one importa nt factor for the formatio n of regi onal logistics competitive ness level.4.6 Logistics macro en vir onmentMacro environment refers to the logistics industrydevelopment oflogistics in dustry de

54、velopme nt pla nnin g, la nd use policy, tax policy, market access policy, tale nt trai ning, such as the soft en vir onment, affect ing the developme nt of logistics in dustry reflects the exter nal en vir onment for the developme nt of the logistics in dustry to provide favorable con diti ons and

55、the en vir onment support.译文区域物流竞争力研究作者 Mahpula A摘要当前，物流的发展正呈现出物流需求快速上升、市场容量不断扩大、物流基 础设施建设加速、第三方物流快速成长的趋势，整个物流产业正朝着信息化、全 球化和专业化的方向发展。同时，随着物流需求的快速增加，区域物流的发展更 加迅猛。区域物流是区域经济的重要组成部分， 区域物流的存在和发展是以区域 经济的存在和发展为前提的，没有区域经济也就没有区域物流。 区域物流与区域 经济发展的水平、规模密切相关，不同区域经济的水平、规模和产业形态，决定 了区域物流的水平、规模和结构形态。区域经济一体化能使区域内和区域间

56、的物 流趋向合理，适应产业结构的合理布局，从而降低物流成本，促进区域物流发展。 反之，区域经济的发展也离不开区域物流的发展，区域物流为区域经济的发展提 供支撑与保障，区域物流的发展将带动和促进区域经济的进一步发展。因此，区域物流的发展己成为改善区域投资环境和产业发展环境、扩大区域影响范围、提升区域竞争力的关键。关键词：区域物流，区域物流竞争力，评价指标1引言世界经济的快速发展和现代科学技术的进步，物流产业作为一个新兴的服务 性产业，正在全球范围内迅速发展。在国际上，物流产业被认为是经济发展的动 脉和基础产业，其发展程度成为衡量一国现代化程度和综合国力的重要标志之一， 被誉为企业的“第三利润源泉

57、”，其发挥的作用越来越大，成为了继IT业、金融业之后的当前最热门的新兴产业和国民经济新的增长点，引起了社会的普遍重视。区域物流是区域经济的重要构成要素，是区域经济形成与发展的重要力量，它对提高区域流通领域的效率和经济效益， 提高区域市场的竞争能力等，发挥着 积极的能动作用。然而，现代物流快速发展的背后仍然存在较多的问题，其中物流竞争力水平低于物流发展水平显得尤为突出。选择物流竞争力发展水平评价指 标时，由于没有统一的标准，只能利用货运量或货运周转量来衡量物流规模。运输是物流过程中实现货物空间位移的中心环节， 用这两个指标来衡量物流规模有 一定的科学性，但不能真实反映地区物流的全貌。 估计物流需

58、求量时，通常的做 法是根据GDF和社会消费品零售总额等国民经济核算指标。这仅仅是宏观层次上 的一种简单估算，不同的研究人员采用的比例不同，从百分之十几到百分之二十 不等，所得结果存在较大差异，给理论分析带来了较大的困难。同时，有关物流 产业的经济统计资料极度缺乏，也没有全面的物流需求统计数据， 这使我们对物 流的理解始终处于定性的认识水平上。2文献综述关于核心竞争力理论，核心竞争力(Core Compete nee)的原意是核心能力或 核心技能，这一概念是1990年由美国的企业战略管理专家普拉哈拉得 (C.K.Prahalad)和英国的企业战略管理专家哈默尔(C.Hamel)提出的，指的是企

59、业组织中的积累性知识，特别是关于如何协调不同的生产技能和整合多种技术知 识，并据此获得超越其他竞争对手的独特能力， 即核心竞争力是建立在企业核心 资源基础之上的，是企业的智力、技术、产品、管理、文化等要素的综合优势在 市场上的反映。目前学术界有三个有代表性的论点 ：以罗斯比和克里斯蒂森为代 表的能力论学派；以波特为代表的市场结构论学派；以沃纳菲尔和潘罗斯为代表 的资源论学派。核心竞争力具有价值双重性、能力整合性、独特性、延伸性和时 段性的特点。关于区域物流的相关理论研究，物流发达的欧美、日本等国研究，侧重于企 业层面，即致力于提供企业优化策略。 而区域层面的物流系统及竞争力研究， 则 涉及不多。根据文献查阅，国际上区域性物流领域