虚拟语气知识框架VIP

1、虚拟语气知识框架11.含有条件状语从句的复合句厂三大版块2.宾语从句（1）wish+宾语从句（2）suggest+宾语从句I3.其它从句尸用过去式表现在情况t1.时态后退型J用过去完成式表过去'两种形式<用过去将来表将来j2.should+动词原形型内容详述I.含有条件状语从句的复合句（以do为例;S=主语）时间条件状语从句主句与现在事实相反的假设If+S+didS+would/should/could/might+do与过去事实相反的假设If+S+haddoneS+would/should/could/might+havedone与将来事实相反的假设didIf+Sshouldd

2、oneJweretodoS+would/should/could/might+do注意事项：1 .倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词had,should,were时，可以省去If,把功能词提前，构成倒装句。2 .混合时间。若条件句和主句动作不存在同一个时间，则谓语形式应根据具体情况而定。3 .Ifthereweren't/hadnotbeen+=without4 .Ifitwerenotfor/Ifithadn'tbeenfor=butfor5 .otherwise+虚拟语气的句子6 .虚拟语气的句子，but+陈述事实的句子II.宾语从句sb.d|id（希望现在用过去式）1. wi

3、sh+thatsb.haddone(希望过去用过去完成式)sb.would/soulddo(希望将来用过去将来)2. suggest+(that)S+should+do表示愿望、建议、请求等主观意向的动词之后的宾语从句，谓语用should+动词原形，should常常省略。这类词有：decide,demand,desire,insist,order,propose,suggest,recommend,requested,require等。一、/注息：1. suggest当“建议”讲时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气；当“表明”时，用陈述语气2. insist当坚持“看法或建议”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气；当坚

4、持“某个事实”时，用陈述语气3. 所有和以上动词相关的从句均应该用虚拟语气(1)在Itis+过去分词+thatS+(should)+do这类过去分词有：decided,demanded,desired,insisted,ordered,proposed,suggested,recommended,requested,required等。eg.Itisdesiredthatwe(should)geteverythingreadythisevening.(2)在Itis+名词+thatS+(should)+do这类名词有：advice,decision,desire,demand,idea,mot

5、ion,order,pity,preference,proposal,recommendation,requirement,resolution,shame,suggestion,surprise,wish,wonder等。eg.Itismyproposalthathe(should)besenttostudyfurtherabroad.(3)虚拟语气用在同位语从句中。某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词后同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为(should)+动词原形。这类名词常见的有：advice,suggestion,proposal,order,demand,desire,reque

6、st,requirement,recommendation以及plan,idea,resolution等。eg.Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion(should)beputoff.(4)虚拟语气用在表语从句中。某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，表语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为(should)动词原形。这类名词常见的有(同3中的名词)：advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation以及plan，idea，resolut

7、ion等。eg.Mysuggestionisthatthemayor(should)presenttheprizes.111. 其它从句(1) Itis(abouthigh)timethatsb.didsth/shoulddosth.eg.Don'tyouthinkit'sabouttimewewenthome？注：在thisisthefirsttimesecondtimethat句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。eg.IsthisthefirsttimethatyouhavevisitedHongkong？(2) asif(asthough)引导的方式状语从句中。在a

8、sif(asthough)引导的方式状语从句中，常用虚拟语气，其动词形式与wish后接宾语从句中的形式相同。eg.AlantalkedaboutRomeasifhewereaRoman(3) 虚拟语气用在lest，forfearthat及incase引导的目的状语从句中。在由lest等引导的目的状语从句中需用虚拟语气，表示“以防，以免”等意思，其谓语动词多由should动词原形构成，should也可省略。eg.Hewaspunishedlestheshouldmakethesamemistakeagain(4) 虚拟语气在表示客气、遗憾以及祝愿等场合中，使用虚拟语气。eg.Youshouldn

9、'thavebeenfollowinghimsoclosely；youshouldhavekeptyourdistance(5) .wouldrathersb.didsth.eg.I'dratheryoucameherefortheanswertomorrowmorning.(6) Ifonlysb./sth.+时态后退型的谓语eg.Ifonlyyouwereherewithmerightnow.练习1 .Iwasillthatday,otherwiseIthesportsmeet.A.wouldhavetakenpartinB.wouldtakepartinC.shouldt

10、akenpartinD.hadtakenpartin2. HowIwishit！A.isn'trainingB.didn'trainC.weren'trainingD.doesn'train3. IwouldratheryounextSunday.A.comeB.cameC.willcomeD.arecoming4. IsuggestthatMarytothelectureherself.A.goB.goesC.wouldgoD.went5. Butherfacesuggeststhatfrightenedindeed.A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.

11、be6. Theheadmasterrequestedthateveryonepresentattheceremony.A.beB.wouldbeC.wasD.mustbe7. Itisnecessarythattheresultofanexperiment.A.becheckedandrecheckedB.wouldbecheckedC.shouldbecheckandrecheckD.ischeckedandrechecked8. IfIyou，Iwouldnotsingsuchsongs.A.wasB.wereC.amD.willbe9. Iamsorryyoutoldhimthesec

12、ret.Iwishyouhimthesecret.A.didn'ttellB.wouldn'ttellC.willnottellD.hadnottold10. Shelooksasifshenothingaboutitbefore.A.knowsB.wouldknowC.hadknownD.hasknown11. .Themaninsistedthatheseethatstrangeaman.A.hadn'tseenB.didn'tseeC.shouldn'tseeD.wouldn'tsee12. Heinsistedthatshethematt

13、eratthemeeting.A.takeupB.takesupC.willtakeupD.wouldtakeup13. Itisnecessarythatanexplanationforhisabsencefromclass.A.hegivesB.hegaveC.hewillgiveD.hegive14. Ithinkit'stimewe.A.getupB.setoutC.turntosb.D.makeadecision15.Irememberthewholethingasifityesterday.A.willhappenB.wouldhappenC.happenedD.hadha

14、ppened16.Ineverexpectedthattheproblemsocomplicated.A.shouldbeB.willbeC.wasD.wouldbe17. Ifwewingslikebirds,weshouldbeabletoflyinthesky.A.haveB.hadC.havingD.havehad18. Ilikethefilmverymuch.IwishIitlastyearwhenitwasonforthefirsttimeinourcity.C had seenD. would seeA.sawB.see19. Iwon'tbeabletogothere

15、tomorrow.theretomorrow，Iwouldseeyou.A.WereIgoB.WentIC.shouldIgoD.IfIgo20. IwouldhavegonetoAmericawithmyfriends,butIbymymother.A.wasstoppedB.wouldbestoppedC.willbestoppedD.werestopped21. .TomandAnnrequiredthatweatthebanquetatsixintheevening.A.wouldbeB.couldbeC.shouldbeD.mightbe22. Hepaymuchattentiont

16、ostudyingmethods；otherwisehewouldhavenotfallenbehindtheothers.A.didntB.doesn'tC.won'tD.can't23. Iwouldhavegonetoseeyouyesterday,butInotime.A.hadB.hadhadC.wouldhaveD.shouldhave24. fortheleadershipoftheParty,weshouldhavefailed.A.HaditnotbeenB.IthadnotbeenC.IfitwerenotD.Ifitisnot25. Thebeau

17、tifulgirlinsiststhatshethereherself.A.goB.wouldgoC.goesD.wouldgo26. Itisverycoldtoday.Otherwiseweouttohaveawalk.A.cangoB.couldgoC.willgoD.wouldhavegone27. Ifthedoctorhereearlier,thewoundedworkerwouldhavebeensaved.A.cameB.hadcomeC.hascomeD.comes28. Mary'swishisthatshelawinsteadofhistorywhenshewas

18、incollege.A.hasstudiedB.hadstudiedC.studiedD.wouldstudy29. Itisnecessarythatyouanentranceexamination.A.musttakeB.wouldtakeC.shouldtakeD.could30. Ifonlyhe_quietlyasthedoctorinstructed，hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie31. .Whatifhesomemistakeslastnight?A.hadmadeB.madeC.havemade

19、D.hasmade32. -"Hewouldgotoseeyou.-”“hedidnotcome?"A.WhatifB.WhereifC.WhatcomeD.Whywhether33. IfyouwithGeorgeyesterdaymorning,youwouldnotbesoangrynow.A.talkB.weretalkingC.wouldtalkD.hadtalked34. .thesun,nothingonearthcouldlive.A.WereitnottoB.IfitwerenottoC.IfitwerenotforD.Ifithadnotbeenfor3

20、5. I'vegotsuchasuggestionthateveryfamilyalargehouselikethat！A. hasB. haveC. will haveD. had had36. Withoutsteel,therenoindustry.A.wouldbeB.willbeC.areD.were37. Iwouldrathertheybackassoonaspossible.A.willcomeB.comeC.arecomingD.came38. Myproposalisthattheproblematthenextmeeting.A.shouldbediscussed

21、B.mustbediscussedC.isdiscussedD.willbediscussed39. Iwasbusythatday.OtherwiseItohaveachatwithyou.A.hadcomeB.wouldhavecomeC.shouldhavecomeD.willcome40. Itisorderedthattheworkatonce.A.bestartedB.willbestartedC.wouldbestartedD.mustbestarted41. Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwiseheagoal.A

22、.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored42. Hadn'tmycarbrokendown，Ithetrain.A.wouldhavecaughtB.mightcatchC.couldcatchD.hadcaught43. Ifhethepolicemanhonestly,hewouldnothavebeenarrested.A.wouldhaveansweredB.answeredC.shouldanswerD.hadanswered44. Butforhishelp，I.A.shouldnothavesucceededB.had

23、notsucceededC.didnotsucceedD.havenotsucceeded45. WhenEdisondied，itwasproposedthattheAmericanpeopleallpowerintheirhouses,streets,andfactoriesforseveralminutesinhonorofthisgreatman.A.turnedoffB.turnoffC.wouldturnoffD.willturnoff46. Hersuggestionwasthatwe,afterfinishingourwork，theothergroups.A.helpedB.

24、willhelpC.helpD.wouldhelp47. Ifhe,hethatfood.Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned；wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned；wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken48. IfonlyIasyoungasyouare！A.beingB.amC.beD.were49. Itispreferablethatallcandy-datesintheirseatsu

25、ntilthepapersarecollected.A.stayB.willstayC.stayedD.shallstay50. Iyousomemoney,butIhadn'tanyonmethen.A.wouldlendB.wouldhavelentC.couldlendD.mayhavelent01-05ACBAB06-10AABDC11-15BADBD16-20ABCCA21-25CAAAA26-30BBBCC31-35AADCB36-40ADABA41-45DADAB46-50CBDAB9第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从3

26、6-55各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Becarefulwhatyousayaroundyourdog.Itmightunderstand_51_youthink.Abordercollie52Ricorecognizesthenamesofabout200objects,sayresearchersinGermany.Thedogalsoappearstobeabletolearnnewwordsas_53asa3-year-oldchild.Itsword-learningskillsareasgoodas54ofaparrotorchimpanzee.Inonee

27、xperiment,theresearcherstookall200itemsthatRicoissupposedtoknowand_55theminto20groupsof10objects.Thentheownertoldthedogtogoandfetchoneoftheitemsandbringitback.Infourtests,Ricogot37outof40commands_56_57_thedogcouldn'tseeanyonetogetclues,thescientistsbelieveRicomustunderstandthemeaningsofcertainwo

28、rds.In_58_experiment,thescientiststookonetoythatRicohad_59_seenbeforeandputitinaroomwithseventoyswhosenamesthedogalreadyknew.TheownerthentoldRicotofetchtheobject,usinga60thedoghadneverheardbefore.Thecorrectobject_61_insevenoutof10tests,62_thatthedoghad63_theanswerbyprocessofelimination（排除法）.Amonthla

29、ter,Ricorememberedhalfofthenewnames,whichisevenmoreimpressive.Ricoisthoughttobesmarterthanthe64dog.Foronething,Ricoisabordercollie,abreed（品种）knownforitsmentalabilities.65,the9-year-olddoghasbeen_66_tofetchtoys_67_theirnamessincetheageofninemonths.It'shardtoknowifalldogsunderstandatleastsomeofthe

30、wordswesay._68_theydo,theycan'ttalkback._69_,itwouldn'thurttosweet-talkyourdogeverynowandthen.Youmightjustgetabig,wet70=inreturn!51.A.otherthanB.ratherthanC.morethanD.muchmore52.A.callingB.withthenameofC.namedD.bythename53.A.easilyB.slowC.soonD.widely54.A.thatB.theseC.thoseD.ones55.A.changed

31、B.dividedC.turnedD.shared56.A.rightB.quickC.apartD.wrong57.A.BecauseB.AsC.ForD.Thanksto58.A.oneB.otherC.eachD.another59.A.everB.stillC.evenD.never60.A.wordB.sentenceC.stickD.toy61.A.waschosenB.hasbeenchosenC.choosesD.ischosen62.A.expressingB.meaningC.suggestingD.saying63.A.workedoutB.turnedoutC.spok

32、eoutD.carriedout64.A.ordinarilyB.averageC.fierceD.usual65.A.WorsestillB.InspiteC.InadditionD.orrather66.A.forcedB.trainedC.hopedD.advised67.A.withB.byC.inD.of68.A.EvenifB.AsifC.ThoughD.Onlyif69.A.orelseB.stillC.EvenD.Beside70.A.kissB.biteC.touchD.pat第三部分：阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中选出最佳选项。Aletter

33、toEdward,acolumnist（报刊专栏作家）DearMrExpert:Igrewupinanunhappyandabusivehome.IalwaysPromisedmyselfthatI'dgetoutasscaspossible.Now,atage20,Ihaveagoodjobandanicehouse,andI'meallyproudoftheindependenceI'veachieved.Here'theproblem:severalofmyfriendswhostilllivewiththeirparentswishtheyhadplac

34、eslikeminesomuchsothattheymakeminetheirs.Itstartedoutwithacoupleofthemspendingtheweekendswithme.Butnowtheyseemtotakeitforgrantedthattheycanshowupanytimetheylike.Theybringboyfriendsover,talkonthephoneandstayoutforever.Ienjoyhavingmyfriendsheresometimesitmakestheplacefeelcomfortableandwarm一butthisismy

35、home,notapartyhouse.Iwasoldenoughtomoveoutonmyown,sowhycan'tIseemtoaskmyfriendstorespectmyprivacy（隐私）？JoanEdwardsreplytoJoanDearJoan:Ifyourfamilydidn'tpayattentiontoyourneedswhenyouwerechybuprobablyhavetroublelettingothersknowyourneedsnow.Andifyou'vegatheredyourfriendsaroundyoutorebuildahappyfamilyatmosphere（气氛）,youmayfearthatsayingnowillbringbackthekindofconflictyougrewupwithordestroytheniceatmosphereyounowenjoy.Youneedtounderstandthatintruefriendship