牛津上海版九年级初三培优讲义被动语态

1、教育资源学员编号：学员姓名：年级：辅导科目：课时数学科教师:3许丽丽授课类型C被动语态C时态语态练习T综合能力授课日期及时段教学内容1 .记忆以下动词不规则变化（1） AAA型（动词原形与过去式，过去分词均同形）cost（花费）costcostcut（割）cutcuthit（打）hithithurt伤害）hurthurtlet（让）letletput（放）putputread（读）readread（2）AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）beat（跳动）beatbeaten（3）ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）become（变成）becamebecomecome（来）camecomerun（跑）

2、ranrun（4）ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）dig（挖）dugdugget（得至U）gotgothang（吊死）hangedhangedhang（悬挂）hunghunghold（抓住）heldheldshine（照耀）shoneshonesit（坐）satsatwin（赢）wonwonmeet（遇见）metmetkeep（保持）keptkeptsleep（睡）sleptsleptsweep）（扫）sweptsweptfeel（感觉）feltfeltsmell（H）smeltsmeltleave（离开）leftleftbuild（建设）builtbuiltlend（借出）lentlents

3、end（传送）sentsentspend（花费）spentspentlose（丢失）lostlostburn（燃烧）burntburntlearn（学习）learntlearntmean（意思是）meantmeantcatch（抓住）caughtcaughtteach（教）taughttaughtbring（带来）broughtbroughtfight（战斗）foughtfoughtbuy（买）boughtboughtthink（想）thoughtthoughthear（听见）heardheardsell（H）soldsoldtell（告诉）toldtoldsay（说）saidsaidfind

4、（找到）foundfoundhave/has（有）hadhadmake（制造）mademadestand（站）stoodstoodunderstand明白understoodunderstood（5）ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）begin（开文台）beganbegundrink（喝）drankdrunkring（铃响）rangrungsing（唱）sangsungswim（游泳）swamswumblow（吹）blewblowndraw（画）drewdrawnfly（飞）flewflowngrow（生长）grewgrownknow（知道）knewknownthrow（投掷）t

5、hrewthrownshow（出示）showedshownbreak（打破）brokebrokenchoose（选择）chosechosenforget:（忘t己）forgotforgotten（forgot）speak（说，讲）spokespokenwake（醒）wokewokedrive（驾驶）drovedriveneat（吃）ateeatenfall（落下）fellfallengive（给）gavegivenrise（升高）roserisentake（取）tooktakenmistake（弄冷昔）mistookmistakenride（骑）roderiddenwrite（写）wrotew

6、rittendo（做）diddonego（去）wentgonelie（平躺）laylainsee（看见）sawseenwear（穿）worewornbe（am,is,are）（是）was,werebeenAt题被动语态一语态概述：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople主语English是动词speak的承受者。主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就

7、是由主动态动词（词组）作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词（词组）作谓语动词的句子。例如：Heopenedthedoor.他开了门。（主动句）Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。（被动句）2 .被动语态的构成：被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am/is/are+taught一般过去时：was/were+taught一般将来时：will/shallbe+taught现在完成时：have/hasbee叶taught记忆歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。3

8、 .被动语态的用法：1 .不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：1） Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）2） Thisbookwaspublishedin1981.这本书出版于1981年。2 .强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：1） Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。2） Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。记忆歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。四

9、.主动语态变被动语态的方法：1 .把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2 .把谓语变成被动结构（be+过去分词），根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。3 .把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：1） Allthepeoplelaughedathim.=Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.2） Theymakethebikesinthefactory尸Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.记忆歌诀：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后过分”来使用。五.注意事

10、项编辑1 .不及物动词无被动语态。Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.2 .有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。这些动词主语以物居多，谓语动词一般表示主语的性质和特征。这类动词有许多，如：write,break,selld等。Thispenwriteswell.Thisnewbooksellswell.3 .感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to,但变为被动语态时，须加上to。感官动词有smell,sound,taste,fell等。使役动词有let,make,have,help,hear,see,watch,noti

11、se,look,listen.例：makesomebodydosomethingfsomebody+be+madetodosomethingseesomebodydosomethingfsomebody+be+seentodosomethingAgirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.fMywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.fThelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.Hismothergavehimapr

12、esentforhisbirthday.fHewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.4 .如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。Hegavemeabook.fAbookwasgiventomebyhim.Heshowedmeaticket.fAticketwasshowntomebyhim.Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.fAnewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.5 .一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其

13、中的介词或副词。Wecan'tlaughathim.fHecan'tbelaughedatbyus.Helistenstotheradioeveryday.fTheradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.fThesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.6 .一些表示状态的动词没有被动语态。如：have,belongto等。例如：1) Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.=Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.2

14、) Yououghttotakeitaway.=Itoughttobetakenaway.3) Theyshoulddoitatonce.=Itshouldbedoneatonce.被动语态最全专项练习一、选择题()1.anewlibraryinourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build()2.Anaccidentonthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened()3.Cotton(棉花)inthesoutheastof

15、China.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow()4.Sofar,themoonbymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited()5.AtalkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives()6.Howmanytreesthisyear?A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted()7.Alotofth

16、ingsbypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone()8.-Whenthiskindofcomputers?-Lastyear.A. did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used(A. knows)10.WhoB. knewthis book?C. is knownD. was knownA. did; writtenB. was; written byC. did; writtenD. was; written)11.A story_ by Gra

17、nny yesterday.A. was told usB. was told to usC. is told usD. told us)12.The monkey was seenoff the tree.A. jumpB. jumpsC. jumpedD. to jump)13.The school bagbehind the chair.A. putsB. can be putC. can be puttedD. can put)9.The Great Wall all over the world.)14.Older people well.A. looks afterB. mustb

18、elookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter)15.Ourteachercarefully.C. be listened D. is listenedA.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelisten二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)1.1 t'ssaid(据说)thatthelongbridge(build)intwomonths.2. Wheretohavethemeeting(discuss)now.3. Whichlanguagethemostwidely(speak)intheworld

19、?4. Thelostboy(notfind)sofar.5. Lastyearalargenumberoftrees(cut)down.6. Thestudentsoften(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.7. Theoldmanisill.He(mustsend)tothehospital.8. Vegetables,eggsandfruits(sell)inthisshop.9. Whatknives(make)of?They(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.10. Canthemagazine(take)outofthelib

20、rary?11. Theroom(clean)bymeeveryday.12. Thestarscan't(see)inthedaytime.13. Someflowers(water)byLiMingalready.14. Thiskindofshoes(sell)well.15. Howlongyouruncle(be)inthecity?16. Thefood(smell)delicious.17. Look!Someone(dance).三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。1.IsteagrowninSouthChina?（改为主动语态）peopleteainSouthChina

21、?1.1 amgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear.（同义句转换）Abirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear.3 .Theworkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.（对划线提问）Howtheworkgoingtobefinished?4 .ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.（改为被动语态）AnEnglishsongbythechildren.5 .Youneedn'tdoitnow.（改为被动语态）Itbyyounow.6 .Peopleusemetalf

22、ormakingmachines.（改为被动语态）Metalmakingmachines.7 .Hemademedothatforhim.（改为被动语态）Ithatforhim.8 .Theyarewatchingthefootballmatch.Thefootballmatchbythem.9 .Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?（改为被动语态）abridgeherebythemayearago?10 .Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.（改为被动语态）Thelightgreendressesout.11 .Wecallth

23、egame"Lianliankan".（改为被动语态）Thegame"Lianliankan"byus.四、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。 Ihavealotofhomeworktobedonetonight. Isyourhistoryteacherlistenedcarefullyinclass? LeiFeng'snamerememberedbyallChinesepeople. Themusicissoundedbeautiful. BywhowasthisneweducationalCD-ROMdesigned?Answers

24、一、选择题（2X15=30分）1. B2.D3.A4.C5.6.C7.B8.B9.C10.B11.B12.D13.B14.B15.A二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1X20=20分）（请注意时态和语态两个方面噢）1 .willbebuilt2.isbeingdiscussed3.isspoken4.hasn'tbeenfound5.werecut6.aretold7.mustbesent8.aresold9 .aremade,aremade10.betaken11.iscleaned12.beseen13.havebeenwatered14.sells15.hasbeen16.s

25、mells17isdancing三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。（1X30=30分）10 Do,grow2.isgiventome3.soonis4.willbesung5.needn'tbedone6.isusedfor7.wasmadetodo8.isbeingwatched9. wasbuilt10.havebeensold11.iscalled四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。（1X10=10分）wasboughtformeIsmadeinChinacoveredwith五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。（10分）bedone改为dolistened改为liste

26、nedtoremembered改为wasrememberedissounded改为soundsBywho改为Bywhom被动语态专项练习（一）I单项选择1. Goodbooksagainandagain.A.shouldbereadedB.shouldbereadC.mustreadD.oughttoread2. Thechildrenbythenurse.A.werelookedB.lookedafterC.werelookedafterD.looked3. Hesomepiecesofadvice,buthetothem.A.gave,didn'tlistenB.wasgiven,

27、wasn'tlistenedC.give,wasn'tlistenedD.wasgiven,didn'tlisten4. Whentheaccident?A.was,happenB.did,happenC.is,happenD.was,happened5. Thequestionbyussoon.A.isgoingtodiscussB.willdiscussC.isgoingtobediscussedD.hasbeendiscussed6. Thelababoutfiveyearsago.A.wasbuildedB.wasbuiltC.buildsD.hasbeenbu

28、ilt7. Alotoftallbuildingsinhishometowninthelastthreeyears.A.havesetupB.havebeensetupC.weresetupD.setup8. Theyprinting500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.A.hadfinishedB.havefinishedC.hadbeenfinishedD.havebeenfinished9. Ricealsointheirhometown.A.isgrownB.isgrewC.wasgrewD.wasgrown10. Hebytheteachers.A.isalway

29、spraisedB.PraisesC.havebeenpraisedD.alwaysispraised11. Greatchangesplace.Manynewschools.A.havetaken,havebeenopenedB.take,areopenC.aretaken,openD.havebeentaken,areopened12. ThepictureinOctober,2019.A.wastakingB.hadbeentakenC.wastakenD.hadtaken13. Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit.A.hasbeenrepaired

30、B.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired14. Ithewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.A.wasshownB.showedC.haveshownD.wasshowing15. Thewarin1941.A.brokeoutB.hadbeenbrokenoutC.wasbrokenoutD.hadbrokenout16. Whenwater,itwillbechangedintovapour.A.isheatedB.heatingC.hasheatedD.heats17. Wecan'tenterther

31、oombecauseitsdoor.A.lockedB.LocksC.islockedD.islocking18. Theydayandnight.A.aremadeworkB.aremadetoworkC.madetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork19. Chang'anRoadisofpeople.A.filledB.fillC.fullD.fulled20. Man-madesatellitesintospacebymanycountries.A.wassentupB.issentupC.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup21. Thi

32、sEnglishsongoftenbythechildren.A.is,singingB.is,sungC.will,singD.was,sung22. Thewindowsofourhouseonceaweek.A.mustcleanB.havecleanedC.iscleanedD.arecleaned23. WhenthePeople'sRepublicofChina?A.was,foundB.was,foundedC.did,foundD.does,found24. Mary'sradiobymybrotherjustnow.A.willbemendedB.hasmen

33、dedC.wasmendedD.mended25. Yourexercisebooksafterclass.A.willhandinB.musthandinC.handedinD.mustbehandedin26. Sometreesmayatothertimesoftheyear.A.beplantedB.PlantC.areplantedD.willbeplanted27. Thesunatnightasusual.A.canbeseenB.can'tseeC.can'tbeseenD.doesn'tsee28. AnewEnglishplaytherenextwe

34、ek.A.willputonB.willbeputonC.isgoingtoputonD.willbeputtedon29. Astrangethinginourschoolyesterday.A.washappenedB.hasbeenhappenedC.happenedD.wasgoingtohappen30. Theglass.ItbylittleTomthismorning.A.broke,isbrokenB.isbroken,wasbrokenC.wasbroken,brokeD.hasbeenbroken,brokenn把下列句子改为被动语态1. Isawtheboyrunyest

35、erday.2. Hetoldmethathewouldcomebacksoon.3. Youcanfindalotofdifferencesbetweenthetwolanguages.4. Doyouwateryourflowerseveryday?5. Thewindblewdownthebigtreelastnight.6. Ithinkthatheisright.7. Hehadnotthrownthebadfood.8. Motherwasnotmendingthetrousers.9. TheywouldnottakehimtoBeijing.10. Nobodyknewmein

36、thistownatthattime.参考答案I单项选择1.B2.C3.D4.B5.C6.B7.B8.A9.A10.A11.A12.C13.D14.A15.A16.A17.C18.B19.C20.C21.B22.D23.B24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.C30.Bn、把下列句子改为被动语态1. Theboywasseentorunbymeyesterday.2. Iwastoldthathewouldcomebacksoon.3. Alotofdifferencescanbefoundbyyoubetweenthetwolanguages.4. Areyourflowerswat

37、eredeveryday?5. Thebigtreewasblowndownlastnight.6. Itisthoughtthatheisright.7. Thebadfoodhadnotbeenthrown.8. Thetrouserswerenotbeingmendedbymymother.9. HewouldnotbetakentoBeijing.10. Iwasknownbynobodyinthistownatthattime.被动语态专项练习(二)一、单项选择()1.-Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?Yes.Ourclassroomeveryday.A.c

38、leanB.cleansC.iscleanedD.iscleaning()2.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyintheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.give()3.Hisnewbooknextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished()4.DidyougotoJack'sbirthdayparty?No,I.A.amnotinvitedB.wasn&#

39、39;tinvitedC.haven'tinvitedD.didn'tinvite()5.-Mum,canIgotothezoowithJack?Whenyourhomework,youcan.A.isdoneB.wasdoneC.doesD.did()6.TwentyyearoldsshouldnottodriveinChina.A.allowB.beallowC.beallowedD.allowed.()7.Seeinghimrushintotheroomwithtearsinhiseyes,Iaskedhimwhat.A.wouldhappenB.hadhappenedC

40、.happenedD.washappened.()8.ThebookBusinesstheSpeedofThoughtin2019.A.writesB.iswrittenC.wroteD.waswritten.()9.Treesandflowers_everyyeartomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.A.isplantedB.wasplantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted.()10.China'ssportsstarsYaoMingandLiuXiangGoodWillAmbassadors(亲善大使)forShanghai.A.has

41、beennamedB.havebeennamedC.hasnamedD.havenamed.()11.Theearthisourhome.Itwell.A.mustbeprotectedB.shouldprotectC.needprotectD.shouldprotected.()12.Inrecentyears,manychildrenaremadewhattheyarenot.A.todo;interestedinB.todo;interestedC.do;interestedD.do;interested.()13.anewlibraryinyourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Wa