英美报刊选读模拟卷

1、英美报刊选读模拟卷考试形式：闭卷 考试时间：90分钟 I. Translate the following terms into Chinese.( 30×1´= 30´)1Blue Berets 2.exit poll 3. same-sex marriage 4discount store5. property tax 6.unemployables 7. elevated highways 8.information superhighway9. cellular phone 10. talk showII. Translate the following

2、sentences. ( 5×6´= 30´)1.As long as people feel embarrassed, restrained or openly criticized for using a particular language, its only natural for them to want to avoid continuing to do whats causing a negative response, whether its something overt like having your mouth washed out or

3、 more subtle like discrimination.2.In the United States and Australia in past decades, the government forced native peoples to abandon their languages through vehicles such as boarding schools that punished youth for speaking a traditional tongue. 3.By the time of last weeks election, she had won ov

4、er all but the most partisan of critics.4.Text messaging is being used effectively by two colleges in West Yorkshire as a way of communicating with students. As well as sending them reminders about lessons and dealines, the phones are being used for learning games and revision exercises. 5.The meeti

5、ng certainly produced more than the usual photo ops and spin and its participants did not go away yelling at one another as they have in the past. VIII. Reading Comprehension ( 20×2´=40´)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions. You sho

6、uld decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage one: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race PrejudiceIn some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a

7、means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects

8、appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear coll

9、ars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The s

10、heer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each others problems. An

11、d to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging information. Talk, talk, talk, the advocates of violence say, all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser. Its rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to

12、the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. Possible, my lord, the barrister replied, none the wiser, but surely far better informed. Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the

13、evils it pretends to solve.1. What is the best title for this passage? A) Advocating Violence. B) Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice. C) Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution. D) The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.2. Recorded history h

14、as taught us _ A) violence never solves anything. B) nothing. C) the bloodshed means nothing. D) everything.3. It can be inferred that truly reasonable men _ A) cant get a hearing. B) are looked down upon. C) are persecuted. D) Have difficulty in advocating law enforcement.4. “He was none the wiser”

15、 means _ A) he was not at all wise in listening. B) He was not at all wiser than nothing before. C) He gains nothing after listening. D) He makes no sense of the argument.5. According the author the best way to solve race prejudice is _ A) law enforcement. B) knowledge. C) nonviolence. D) Mopping up

16、 the violent mess.Passage two: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.THE elephants of Thailand used never to be short of work hauling timber. But most of the country's forests have been cut down, and logging is now banned to save the few that are left. The number of domesticated el

17、ephants left in the country is now only 2,500 or so, down from about 100,000 a century ago. Though being the national animal of Thailand earns an elephant plenty of respect, this does not put grass on the table. Thai elephants these days take tourists on treks or perform in circuses, and are sometim

18、es to be seen begging for bananas on the streets of Bangkok. Some of the 46 elephants living at the Thai Elephant Conservation Centre, a former government logging camp near Lampang, have found a new life in music. The Thai Elephant Orchestra is the creation of two Americans, Richard Lair, who has wo

19、rked with Asian elephants for 23 years, and David Soldier, a musician and neuroscientist with a taste for the avant-garde. They provided six of the centers elephants, aged seven to 18, with a variety of percussion and wind instruments. Those familiar with Thai instruments will recognize the slit dru

20、ms, the gong, the bow bass, the xylophone-like rants, as well as the thunder sheet. The only difference is that the elephant versions are a bit sturdier. The elephants are given a cue to start and then they improvise. They clearly have a strong sense of rhythm. They flap their ears to the beat, swis

21、h their tails and generally rock back and forth. Some add to the melody with their own trumpeting. Elephant mood-music could have a commercial future, Mr. Soldier believes. He has even produced a CD on the Mulatta label-it is available at -with 13elephant tracks. It is real elephant m

22、usic, he says, with only the human noises removed by sound engineers. But is it music? Bob Halliday, music critic of the Bangkok Post, says it is. He commends the elephants for being "so communicative". Anyone not knowing that it was elephant music, he says, would assume that humans were p

23、laying. Some of the elephants in the band have also tried their hand at painting, tending to favor the abstract over the representational style. Their broad-stroke acrylic paintings last year helped raise some $25,000 at a charity auction at Christie's in New York, and a London gallery has also

24、taken some of their work. These art sales, together with profits from the CD, are helping to keep the centre going. A second CD is on the way. It will be less classical, more pop.1. The elephants of Thailand now are short of the work they used to do because _A) they are trained to take tourists on t

25、rek.B) they are trained to play music.C) the forest-cutting is illegalD) there is not enough timber for them to haul.2. The authors attitude towards these elephants is _.A) astonished B) indescribable C) supportive D) appreciative3. The two American created the Orchestra in order to _A) earn money B

26、) protect elephantsC) enjoy themselves D) none of the above 4. “trumpet” in the 3rd paragraph refers to _A) jump B) shriek C) move D) shake5. The elephants do not make money from _A) getting charity from visitors B) selling their paintings C) selling their own CDs D) all their entertainment workPass

27、age three: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Federal Reserve System, central banking system of the United States, popularly called the Fed. A central bank serves as the banker to both the banking community and the government; it also issues the national currency, conducts monetary

28、policy, and plays a major role in supervision and regulation of banks and bank holding companies. In the U.S. these functions are the responsibilities of key officials of the Federal Reserve System: the Board of Governors, located in Washington, D.C., and the top officers of the 12 district Federal

29、Reserve banks, located throughout the nation. The Feds actions, described below, generally have a significant effect on the U.S. interest rates and, subsequently, on stock, bond, and other financial markets.The Federal Reserves basic powers are concentrated in the Board of Governors, which is paramo

30、unt in all policy issues concerning bank regulation and supervision and in most aspects of monetary control. The board enunciates the Feds policies on both monetary and banking matters. Because the board is not an operating agency, most of the day-to-day implementation of policies decisions is left

31、to the district Federal Reserve banks, stock in which is owned by the commercial banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System. Ownership in this instance, however, does not imply control the Board of Governors and the heads of the Reserve banks orient their policies to the public interest ra

32、ther than to the benefit of the private banking system.The U.S. banking systems regulatory apparatus is complex; the authority of the Federal Reserve is shared in some instances for example, in mergers or the examination of banks with other federal agencies such as the Comptroller of the Currency an

33、d the Federal Deposit Insurance Cooperation (FDIC). In the critical area of regulating the nations money supply in accordance with national economic goals, however, the Federal Reserve is independent within the government. Income and expenditures of the Federal Reserve banks and of the Board of Gove

34、rnors are not subject to the congressional appropriation process; the Federal Reserve is subject to the congressional appropriation process; the Federal Reserve is self-financing. Its income ($20.2 billion in 1992) comes mainly from Reserve bank holdings of income-earning securities, primarily those

35、 of the U.S. government. Outlays ($1.5 billion in 1992) are mostly for operational expenses in providing services to the government and for expenditures connected with regulation and monetary policy. In 1992 the Federal Reserve returned $16.8 billion in earnings to the U.S. Treasury.1.The Fed of the

36、 United States_.A) functions as China Bank B) is the counterpart of Peoples Bank of ChinaC) is subject to the banking community and governmentD) has 13 top officers who can influence the American financial market2.The fact that stock in the Fed belongs to commercial banks_.A) doesnt mean the latter

37、is in control B) means the latter is in cC) means the latter is subjected to the Reserve banks D) means the Reserve banks orient the latters policies3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A) The Fed is a very big, complex and significant system which comprises many

38、local banks.B) All the commercial banks are not the components of Federal Reserve System.C) Board of Governors is the supreme policy-makers of Federal Reserve System.D) District Reserve banks rather than Board of Governors perform the day to day policies.4. The authority of the Federal Reserve_.A) h

39、as to be shared with other establishmentsisB) is exclusive at other timesC) isnt limited by comptroller of the Currency and FDICD) is limited by Board of Governors5. Income of the Board of Governors_.A) is borrowed from the U.S. TreasuryB) is used by the government to make various policiesC) comes f

40、rom the U.S. TreasuryD) is not granted by the governmentPassage four: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can we tell when other people are happy or despondent? It turns out that the expression of ma

41、ny emotions may be universal. Smiling is apparently a universal sign of friendliness and approval. Baring the teeth in a hostile way, as noted by Charles Darwin in the nineteenth century, may be a universe sign of anger. As the originator of the theory of evolution, Darwin believed that the universa

42、l recognition of facial expressions would have survival value. For example, facial expressions could signal the approach of enemies (or friends) in the absence of language.Most investigators concur that certain facial expressions suggest the same emotions in a people. Moreover, people in diverse cul

43、tures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. In classic research Paul Ekman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. He then asked people around the world to indicate what emotions were being depicted in them. Those que

44、ried ranged from European college students to members of the Fore, a tribe that dwells in the New Guinea highlands. All groups including the Fore, who had almost no contact with Western culture, agreed on the portrayed emotions. The Fore also displayed familiar facial expressions when asked how they

45、 would respond if they were the characters in stories that called for basic emotional responses. Ekman and his colleagues more recently obtained similar results in a study of ten cultures in which participants were permitted to report that multiple emotions were shown by facial expressions. The part

46、icipants generally agreed on which two emotions were being shown and which emotion was more intense.Psychological researchers generally recognize that facial expressions reflect emotional states. In fact, various emotional states give rise to certain patterns of electrical activity in the facial mus

47、cles and in the brain. The facial-feedback hypothesis argues, however, that the causal relationship between emotions and facial expressions can also work in the opposite direction. According to this hypothesis, signals from the facial muscles ("feedback") are sent back to emotion centers o

48、f the brain, and so a person's facial expression can influence that person's emotional state. Consider Darwin's words: "The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, as far as possible, of all outward signs softens our emotions

49、." Can smiling give rise to feelings of good will, for example, and frowning to anger?Psychological research has given rise to some interesting findings concerning the facial-feedback hypothesis. Causing participants in experiments to smile, for example, leads them to report more positive feeli

50、ngs and to rate cartoons (humorous drawings of people or situations) as being more humorous. When they are caused to frown, they rate cartoons as being more aggressive.What are the possible links between facial expressions and emotion? One link is arousal, which is the level of activity or preparedn

51、ess for activity in an organism. Intense contraction of facial muscles, such as those used in signifying fear, heightens arousal. Self-perception of heightened arousal then leads to heightened emotional activity. Other links may involve changes in brain temperature and the release of neurotransmitte

52、rs (substances that transmit nerve impulses.) The contraction of facial muscles both influences the internal emotional state and reflects it. Ekman has found that the so-called Duchenne smile, which is characterized by "crow's feet" wrinkles around the eyes and a subtle drop in the eye

53、 cover fold so that the skin above the eye moves down slightly toward the eyeball, can lead to pleasant feelings.Ekman's observation may be relevant to the British expression "keep a stiff upper lip" as a recommendation for handling stress. It might be that a "stiff" lip supp

54、resses emotional response-as long as the lip is not quivering with fear or tension. But when the emotion that leads to stiffening the lip is more intense, and involves strong muscle tension, facial feedback may heighten emotional response.1. The word despondent in the passage is closest in meaning to _A) curious B) unhappy C) thoughtful D) unc