现在完成时态Word文档(2)

1、 Unit10 Ive had this bike for three years 现在完成时（二）1. 现在完成时的用法表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for+时间段”“since+过去时间点”“since+过去时的从句”“since+一段时间+ago”,how long等。且for与since引导的时间状语可以进行相互转换。My uncle has worked at this factory for five years .=My uncle has worked at this factory since five

2、 years ago .我的叔叔已经在这个工厂工作了5年 。My Black has taught in China since 2000 .自从2000年以来布莱克先生一直在中国执教 。How long have you been here ?你来这里多久？2. 句中动词的特点。此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外）。（1） 这本书我已经买了3年了。 Ive bought the book for three years .(错) Ive had the book for three years .(对)（2） 你哥哥参军多长时间了？ How long has

3、your elder brother joined the army ?(错) How long has your elder brother been in the army been a soldier ?(对)3. 延续性动词与非延续性动词 延续性动词表示经验，经历；非延续性动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 Ive known him since then . 我从那时起就认识他了。（表经历） Ive finished the work . 他已经完成了那项工作 。（表结果）动词（1） 延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法： 1：非延续性动词与短暂性时间（点）连用。He ji

4、oned the league three years ago . 他入团3年了。（他3年前入的团） 2：用 “It is /has been +时间段 + since .”句型 。It is /has been three years since I bought the book .这本书我买了三年了。（从买这本书 到现在3年了） 3：用相应的延续性动词替换非延续性动词，句子用现在完成时，时间状语为 “for +时间段 ”或 “ since + 时间点” “since +从句（过去时）” “since +一段时间 +ago .” The old man died 4 years ago .

5、=The old man has been dead for 4years . 那位老人去世4年了。 I borrowed the books 5 days ago .=I have kept the book since 5 days ago . 这本书我借了5 天了。（2） 现在完成时态中延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换： 1：非延续性动词也被称为终止性动词，瞬间性动词，表示不能延续的动词，这种动作发生后立即结束。如：open . Die. Close begin finish come go move borrow lend buy 等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如 t

6、wo years ago , at 5 oclock He died 5 years ago .他5年前去世了。 2：延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，如： learn work stand lie know walk keep wait watch sing read sleep live stay 等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语： “for +时间段 ” “since +时间点 ” “since + 从句（过去时） ” “ since + 一段时间 +ago how long 等连用 。 （3）非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换：1： 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时态。 Borr

7、ow -keep buy-have catch a cold -have a cold Put on -wear get to know-know get to sleep -sleep 2：转化为 “be +形容词 / 副词 /介词 /名词 ” 。 Begin /start -be on go out -be out get to /arrive -/reach -be (in ) Die -be dead open -be open leave -be away Finish -be over fall ill -be ill get up -be up Fall asleep -be a

8、sleep jion -be in /be a member of Go to school -be in school become -be Make friends -be friends come /go-be +相应的介词短语 Close -be closed go to bed -be in bed 基础知识多久_ 举行庭院拍卖会_捐赠_不再_一点儿_棋类游戏 _察看_面包机_ 长大_ 收拾_至于 _放弃_-一套火车轨道_说实在的_一年两次_数百万_依。看_为了_最。之一_决定做某事_过去常常做某事_需要做某事_习惯做某事_想要做某事_喜欢做某事_（对某人来说）做某事_希望做某事_1

9、. She _this book for nearly three weeks .A has borrowed B has lent C has bought D has kept 2 .How time flies ! Several years _ since we started our middle school life .We will keep the pleasant in our minds . A have pass B has passsed C will pass 3. Ten years has passed _the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 2002 . A when B while C before D since 4 .The volunteers _a lot of help to the community for nearly ten years . A offered