高中英语被动语态专项练习

1、被动语态一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式，被动语态由be+过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变 化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done过去分词)一般现在时例 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) has /have been done现在完成时例 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3) am/is /are b

2、eing done 现在进行时例 A new cinema is being built here4) was/were done 一般过去时例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5) had been done过去完成时例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6) was/were being done 过去进行时例 A meeting was being held when

3、 I was there.7) shall/will be done/ be going to be done/ be about to be done/ be to be to dor般 将来时 例 Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8) should/would be done/ waswere going to be done/ waswere about to be done/waswere to be to done一般将来时例 The news would be sent to the soldier's

4、 mother as soon as it arrived.9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例 The project will have been completed before July.10) should/would have been done过去将来完成时(少用)例 He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词+be+过去分词。例 The baby should be taken g

5、ood care of by the baby-sitter.2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例 His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 当动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不 动。例 Some one caught the boy smok ing a cigarette可

6、 改为 The boy was caught smok ing a cigarette.4) 在使役动词 have, make, get以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, obserV等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。例 Some one saw a stra nger walk into the buildi ng. 可改为 A stra nger was see n to walk in to the buildi ng.5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如动词+介词” 动词+副词”等，也可以用于

7、被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例 The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3. 非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ing形式及不定式to do也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。例 I don't like being laughed at in the public.二、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示 据说”或 相信”的动词女口 believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, thin等可以 用于句型“I甘be+过去分词+ that

8、从句”或 主语+ be+过去分词+ to do sth.。”有：It is said that 据说,It is reported that 据报道，It is believed that 大家相信，It is hoped that 大家希望，It is well known that众所周知，It is thought that 大家认为，It is suggested that 据建议。例 It is said that the boy has passed the national exa（. = The boy is said to have passed the national e

9、xam.）三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1英语中有很多动词女口break，catch, clean, drive， lock， open, sell, read，write， wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。例 This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door won't lock.（指门本身有毛病）The door won't be locked.（指不会有人来锁门,指 门没有锁”是人的原因）2.

10、表示 发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out,come about, come true, run out, give out, turn ou等 以主动形式表示被动意义。例 How do the newspapers come out?这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？3. 系动词没有被动形式，但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例 Your reas on sounds reas on able.四、非谓语动词的主动

11、形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。1. 在need, want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相 当于动词不定式的被动形式 。The house needs repairing（to be repaired）. 这房子需要修理。2. 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而 worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。例 The picture-book is well worth reading. （ = The picture-book is very worthy to be re

12、ad ）3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代 词构成主谓关系，不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon （to do 与 things 是动宾关系，与 I 是主谓关系。）试比较：I ' II go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted?此处用不定式的被动语态作 定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。）4. 在某些 形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的

13、逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice, easy, fit, hard,difficult, important, impossible pleasant, interesting等。例 This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作 to work out 省略了 for me）.5. 在tooto 结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。例 This book is too expensive （for me） to buy.6. 在there be 句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式

14、用主动式作定语，重点在人， 用被动形式作定语，重点在物。例 There is no time to los（to be lost）.（用 to lose可看成 for us to lose；用 to be lost,谁 lost time 不明确。）7. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动，被动表被动。然而，由于古英语的影 响，下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。例 Who is to blame for starting the fire?五、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合

15、用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。1. “under+名词”结构，表示 某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control （受控制），under treatment（在治疗中），under repair （在修理中），under discussion在讨论中），under construction（在施工中）。例 The building is under construction（ is being constructed）.2. “beyod+名词”结构，出乎 胜过 、范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief （令人 难以置信）,bey

16、ond one s reac鞭长莫及），beyond one s conto无法控制），beyond our hope 我 们的成功始料不及。例 The rumour is beyond belief （=can' t be believed3“above名词”结构，表示“品质、行为、能力等）超过、高于”。例 His hon est character is above all praise =His hon est character cannot be praised eno ugh4. “for名词”结构，表示 适于、为着”。如如: for sale（出售）,for rent （

17、出租）等。例 That house is for sale. （= That house is to be sold）.5. “in名词”结构，表示 在过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print （在印刷中），in sight（在 视野范围内），等。例 The book is not yet in print. （=is not yet printed）6. “on名词”结构，表示 在从事 中”。常见的有：on sale（出售），on show （展出），on trial （受审）。例 Today some treasures are on show in the museum （= are

18、being showed）.7. “out of名词”结构；表示 超出之外“常见的有：outof control控制不了 ）, out ofsight （超出视线之外），out of one ' s re够c不着）,out of fashion不流行）等。例 The pla ne was out of con trol （ca n' t be con trolled）8. “ within名词”结构，在内、不超过 ”。例 He took two days off within the teacher's permission六、被动语态与系表结构的区别当“be过去分词”

19、作被动语态时表示主语承受的动作；作系表结构时表示主语的特点或所处的 状态时，be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其区分办法如下：1. 如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动语态，否则为系表结 构。例 The glass is broken（系表结构）The glass was broke n by the boy（被动语态）2. 如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。例 The door is locked.（系表结构）The door hasalready/just been locked （被动语态）3. 被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外，还可以用

20、于其他各种时态，而系表结构中的系动 词be只有一般时态和完成时态。例 The machine is being repaired七、被动语态与高考试题赏析1. 高考对谓语动词语态的考查例析1）. In some parts of the world, teawith milk and sugar. （NMET1993）A. is serv ing B. is served C. serves D. served解析B因为serve是及物动词，其动作承受者tea作主语，表示经常发生的情况，故用一般现 在时的被动语态。2）. This is Ted' sphone. We miss him

21、 a lot. He trying to save a child in theearthquake.（NMET2002）A. killed B. is killedC. was killed D. was killi ng解析C Ted是kill的承受者，用被动语态，且Ted救人发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。3) . - Have you moved into the new house?-Not yet, the rooms. (NMET1991) A. are be ing pa in ted B. are pai ntingC. are pain ted D. are bei

22、ng painting解析A “house” “pain应该是被动的关系，排除B, D。后者未搬进新居的原因是房子正在油 漆，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。不能用一般现在时表示习惯性动作，排除Co4) . When and where to go for the on-salary holidayyet.(上海春 2003)A. are not decided B. have not bee n decidedC. is not being decided D. has not bee n decided解析D decide是及物动词，动作的发出者通常是人，句中的主语是动作的承受者，所以dec

23、ide 要用被动语态。从题干的语境和关键词yet，可判断用现在完成时，不定式做主语用单数，故用现在完成时的被动语态。5) . The man ager en tered the office and was happy to lear n that four-fifths of the tickets.上海春2001)A. was booked B. had bee n bookedC. were booked D. have bee n booked解析B句中tickets是book(订票)的承受者，主谓为被动关系，又因票已被订出应发生在entered the office这个过去动作之前，

24、所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。2. 高考对非谓语动词语态的考查当非谓语动词的逻辑主语为动作的承受者时，须用被动式。弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间 的执行与承受关系是掌握非谓语动词语态的关键。1) . Hav ing a trip abroad is certa inly good for the old couple, but it rema inswhether they willenjoy it. (NMET2002)A. to see B. to be see nC. see ing D. see n解析B根据题意，那对老夫妇是否到国外旅行是将来的动作，应使用不定式，故排除掉C、D两项；

25、又因remains的逻辑主语it是动词see说表示动作的承受者，即 到国外旅行”这件事，这 件事有待于 被决定”，应使用动词不定式的被动形式。2) . While shopping, people sometimes can ' t helpinto buying something they don' t re(上海1996)A. to persuaded B. persuad ingC. being persuaded D. be persuaded解析C can' t help doing禁不住做某事”，排除A和D ；顾客应是 被劝说”购物的，要用动名词 的被动语

26、态。3) . I feel it is your husband whofor the spoiled child.(上海 2002)A. is to blame B. is goi ng to blameC. is to be blamed D. should blame解析A feel的宾语从句为强调句型，在be to do结构中，在某些场合可用不定式的主动语态表 示被动语态，如to blame, to let等。【强化训练】1. If city noisesfrom increasing, peopleshout to be heard even at dinnerA . are not

27、 kep； will have toB. are not kep； haveC. do not keep； will have toD. do not keep； have to2. The fifth gen eratio n computers, with artificial in tellige nee, areand perfected now.A. developedB. have developedC. are being developedD. will have bee n developed3. -the sports meet might be put off-Yes,

28、it all depends on the weathefA .rve been told B.ve toldC.rm told D . I told4. I n eed one more stamp before my collecti on.A. has completed B. completesC. has bee n completed D. is completed5. Rain forestsand burned at such a speed that they will disappearfrom the earth in the n earfuture.A. cut B.

29、are cutC. are being cut D. had bee n cut6. The new suspe nsion bridgeby the end of last mon th.A. has bee n desig nedB. had bee n desig nedC. was desig nedD. would be desig ned7. Whe n a pen cil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it.A. breaks B. has broke nC. was broke n D. had bee n brok

30、e n8. Great cha ngesin the city, and a lot of factories.A. have bee n take n place; have bee n set upB. have take n place; have bee n set upC. have take n place; have set upD. were take n place; were set up9. That suit _ over 60 dollars.A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost10. - Look! Everyth

31、i ng here is un der con structi on.-Wha' s the pretty small house that _ for?A. is being built B. has bee n builtC. is built D. is buildi ng11. - Do you like the material?-Yes, itvery soft.A. is feeli ng B. feltC. feels D. is felt12. It is difficult for a foreig nerChin ese.A . write B . to writ

32、eC. to be writte n D. writte n13. I have no more letters, thank you.A. to type B. typ ingC . to be typed D . typed14. Take care!Don t drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ easily.A. won ' t wash out B. won ' t be washed outC. isn ' t washed out D. isn ' t washing out15. Nobody no tice

33、d the thief slip into the house because the lights happe ned to.A. be put up B. give inC. be tur ned on D. go out16. The computers on the tableProfessor Smith.A. bel ongs B. are bel on ged toC. bel ongs to D. bel ong to17. - What do you thi nk of the book?-Oh, excellent.lt' s wortha second time.

34、A. to read B. to be read C. readi ng D. being read18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed. A. catch ing B. to be caughtC. being caught D. to catch19. This page n eededaga in.A. being checked B. checkedC. to check D. to be checked20. many times, tie boy still didn' t know how to do the exe

35、rcisesA. Having taught B. Having bee n taughtC. taught D. Teachi ng被动语态基础练习选择题I. Our house,A . is gett ing paint B . is gett ing pain tedC . is got pain ted D . has got to paint2. He arrived in Beiji ng,where hehis frie nd .A . was met by B . was met C . was meeting D . met by3. The warin 1937A . wa

36、s broken out B . had been broken out C . has broken out D . broke out4. The mistakes in the exercises willthe teacher.A . cross B . be crossing C . be crossed by D . cross by5. My brother and I haveher birthday party.A . bee n in vited B . bee n in vited for C .in vited to D . bee n in vited to 6.lt

37、this wayA . is had to do B . is had to be done C . had to be done D . has to do7.lt this way.A used to do B . used to be done C . is used to do D . is used to doing8. Chapli n.A . The child's name was called B . The child's name callsC . The child calls D . The child is n amed9. The sports m

38、eeting.A . is put off B . is to put off C . is to be put off D . puts off10. Mary realized sheA . was making fun of B . was made fun C . was being made fun of D . was being made funII. to say a thing in that wayA . It is con siders wrong B . It is con sidered wrongC . It is considered it's wrong

39、 D . It is consiedring wrong12. He ordered that the booksat on ce.A . would be printed B . would print C . be printed D . print13. The storyin Chi nA .A . was taken place B . was happened C . took place D . has been taken place14. The housemy pare ntsA . is belong to B . belong to C . belongs to D .

40、 is belonged to15. Heby his teacher.A . happened to see B . was happened to see C . happened to be seen D . was happened to be seen16. Great changesin our provin ce.Ma ny tall buildi ngs.A . have bee n take n place, have bee n set upB . have take n place, have bee n set upC . have bee n take n place

41、, have bee n set upD . were take n place, were set up17. The hall'sbut it's not yet with lamps.A . fur ni shed, fini shed B . bee n fini shed, bee n fur ni shedC . being finished, being furnished D . set up, full18. The new hall is the tallest buildi ng in this town.from here?A . Can it see

42、B . Can it be seen C . Can it seen D . Can see19. As soon as we got to the airport,we found that the plane.A . had already taken off B . already took offC . was already taking off D . was already taken off20. Some of the hotels in my hometown.A . have now been rebuilding B . are now rebuildingC . ar

43、e now being rebuilt D . are rebuilt now21. If city noisesfrom increasing, peopleshout to be heard even at dinnerA . are not kept; will have toB . are not kept; haveC . do not keep； will have to D . do not keep； have to22. The fifth gen erati on computers, with artificial in tellige nee, areand perfe

44、cted now.A . developed B . have developed C . are being developed D . will have been developed23. -the sports meet might be put off- Yes, it all depends on the weatherA . I've bee n told B . I've told C . I'm told D . I told24. I n eed one more stamp before my collect ion.A . has complet

45、ed B . completes C . has been completed D . is completed25. Rain forestsand burned at such a speed that they will disappear fromthe earth in the n ear future.A . cut B . are cut C . are being cut D . had been cut26. The new suspe nsion bridgeby the end of last mon th.A . has been designed B . had be

46、en designedC . was designed D . would be designed27. Whe n a pen cil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it.A . breaks B . has broken C . was broken D . had been broken28. Great cha ngesin the city, and a lot of factories.A . have bee n take n place; have bee n set up B . have take n place

47、; have bee n set upC . have take n place; have set up D . were take n place; were set up29. That suit _ over 60 dollars.A . had costed B . costed C . is costed D . cost30. - Look! Everythi ng here is un der con struct ion. - What's the pretty small house that _ for?A . is being built B . has bee

48、n built C . is built D . is building31. - Do you like the material? - Yes, itvery soft.A . is feeling B . felt C . feels D . is felt32. It is difficult for a foreig nerChin ese.A . write B . to write C . to be writte n D . writte n33. I have no more letters, thank you.A . to type B . typing C . to b

49、e typed D . typed34. Take care! Don't drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ easily.A . won't wash out B . won't be washed outC . is n't washed out D . is n't wash ing out35. Nobody no ticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happe ned to.A . be put up B . give in C .

50、 be turned on D . go out36. The computers on the tableProfessor Smith.A . belongs B . are belonged to C . belongs to D . belong to37. - What do you thi nk of the book? -Oh, excelle nt. It's wortha sec ond time.A . to read B . to be read C . reading D . being read38. The squirrel was lucky that i

51、t just missed.A . catching B . to be caught C . being caught D . to catch39. This page n eededaga in.A . being checked B . checked C . to check D . to be checked40. many times, the boy still did n't know how to do the exercisesA . Having taught B . Having been taught C . taught D . Teaching被动语态专

52、项练习、选择题()1.a new libraryin our school last year?A. Is; builtB. Was; builtC. Does; buildD. Did ; build()2. An accide nton this road last week.A. has been happened B. was happened C.is happe nedD. happe ned()3.Cotton (棉花)in the southeast of China.A. is grow nB. are grow nC；.grows1D. grow()4.So far, th

53、e moonby man already.A. is visitedB. will be visitedC. has been visited D. was visited()5.A talk on Chin ese historyin the school hall n ext week.A. is give nB. has bee n give nC. will be give nD. gives()6.How many treesthis year?A. are pla ntedB. will pla ntC. have bee n pla nted D. pla nted()7.A l

54、ot of thi ngsby people to save the little girl now.A. are doingB. are being doneC. has bee n doneD. will be done()8.-Whe nthis kind of computers? -Last year.A. did; useB. was; usedC. is; usedD. are; used()9.The Great Wallall over the world.A. knowsB. knewC. is knownD. was known()10.Whothis book?A. d

55、id; writte nB. was; writte n byC. did; writte nD. was; writte n()11.A storyby Granny yesterday.A. was told usB. was told to usC. is told usD. told us()12.The monkey was see noff the tree.A. jumpB. jumpsC. jumpedD. to jump()13.The school bagbeh ind the chair.A. putsB. can be putC. can be puttedD. can

56、 put()14.Older peoplewell.A. looks afterB. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked afte()15.Our teachercarefully.A. should be liste ned to B. should be liste nC. be liste nedD. is liste ned二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。1.1 t's said(据说)that the long bridge( build)in two mon ths.2. Where to have the meeting(discuss) now.3. Which Ianguagethe most widely(speak in the world ?4. The lost boy(not find) so far.5. Last year a large number of treescut) down.6. The stude ntsofte n(tell) to take care of th