经络学美国培训课件

1、灵枢邪客：“肺心有邪，其气留于两肘；肝有邪，其气留于两腋；脾有邪，其气留于两髀；肾有邪，其气留于两腘。” 1) 灵枢根结说：“用针之要，在于知调阴与阳。” “The key in acupuncture treatment is to know how to regulate yin and yang.” - Chapter 5 in Miraculous Pivot2) 灵枢九针十二原说：“刺之要，气至而有效”。 “In acupuncture, the arrival of qi is essential to obtaining therapeutic effects.” - Chapt

2、er 1 in Miraculous Pivot 络脉则包括十五络脉和无数的孙络和浮络。络脉则包括十五络脉和无数的孙络和浮络。经脉中以十二经脉为主体，又称十二正经，经脉中以十二经脉为主体，又称十二正经，还有奇经八脉、十二经别、十二经筋和十二皮部。还有奇经八脉、十二经别、十二经筋和十二皮部。手太阴 少阴 厥阴阳明 太阳 少阳足太阴 少阴 厥阴阳明 太阳 少阳任脉、督脉 冲脉、带脉、阴跷脉、阳跷脉、阴维脉、阳维脉 十二经别 十五络脉 浮络、孙络 十二经筋 十二皮部 handTaiyin shaoyin jueyinYangming taiyang shaoyangfootTaiyin shaoyi

3、n jueyinYangming taiyang shaoyangDu, RenChong, DaiYinqiao,Yangqiao,Yinwei,YangweiTwelve divergent meridians Fifteen collaterals Twelve muscle regionsTwelve cutaneous regionsThe Twelve MeridiansPoints of yang meridian Points of yin meridian阳经输穴阴经输穴二、奇经八脉 奇经八脉，是指与十二经脉不同的八条经脉，简称“奇经”。八脉名称分别说明如下： The eig

4、ht extra meridians, different from the twelve regular meridians, are called the extra meridians in short. Their nomenclature is explained as follows. Eight Extra Meridians Governor Vessel (Du)Conception Vessel (Ren)Thoroughfare Vessel (Chong)Belt Vessel (Dai)Yang Heel Vessel (Yangqiao)Yin Heel Vesse

5、l (Yinqiao)Yang Link Vessel (Yangwei)Yin Link Vessel (Yinwei)1、督脉 Du（Governor Vessel）Meridian “督”，有督率的意思，因这条经脉循行于背部正中，督率诸阳经。 Du means governing. Running along the midline of the back, the Du（Governor Vessel）Meridian governs all the yang meridians. 督脉督脉- -阳脉之海阳脉之海Governor Vessel (Du Meridian)-the Sea

6、 of the yang meridians2、任脉 Ren Meridian （Conception Vessel） “任”，有妊养、担任的意义，因这条经脉循行于腹部正中，有总任全身阴经的作用 。 Ren means fostering and responsibility. Going along the midline of the abdomen, the Ren（Conception Vessel）Meridian is responsible for all the yin meridians. 任脉-阴脉之海Conception Vessel (Ren Meridian) -th

7、e Sea of the yin meridians3、冲脉 Chong Meridian (Thoroughfare Vessel ) “冲”，意指要冲(交通要道)，因这条经脉主通行十二经之气血，称为“十二经脉之海” 。 Chong means a vital pass. At it regulates the flow of qi and blood in the twelve regular meridians, the Chong Meridian is called “the sea of the twelve primary meridians.” 4、带脉 Dai Meridia

8、n （Belt Vessle） “带”，意指腰带，因这条经脉横于腰腹，主约束诸经 。 Dai means a girdle. The Dai Meridian goes around the waist, binding up all the meridians. 5、阳跷脉 Yangqiao Meridian 6、阴跷脉 Yinqiao Meridian “跷”，是足跟的意思，其起于外踝下者称阳跷，起于内踝下者称阴跷。 Qiao means the heel. Yangqiao Meridian starts from below the external malleolus; Yinqia

9、o Meridian starts from below the internal malleolus. 7、阳维脉 Yangwei Meridian 8、阴维脉 Yinwei Meridian “维”，是网维和维系的意思，阳维主网维、联络一身在表之阳；阴维主维系、联络一身在里之阴。 Wei denotes connection and network. The Yangwei Meridian connects and networks the exterior yang of the whole body； the Yinwei Meridian connects and networks

10、 the interior yin of the whole body. 三、十二经别 The twelve divergent merdiains Branch out from the twelve regular meridians. Mainly distributed on the chest, abdomen and head. Function: connect internally-exterally related meridians strengthen their relation with the zang-fu organs serve as the extensio

11、n of regular meridiansDistrivution:Derive from the regular meridians at the regions of four limbs;Enter the thoracic and abdominal cavities; The Yin and Yang divergent meridians run parallelly inside the body and emerge from the neck; In the head region, the Yin divergent meridians connect the Yang

12、divergent meridians and then join the regular Yang meridians.Key: The twelve divergent meridians can be paired into six confluences according to their internal and external relationship. Mainly run deeper in the body, supplement the pathway that the regular meridians do not reach. There are no point

13、s located on them.四、十五络脉四、十五络脉 The fifteen collaterals The fifteen collaterals include:the twelve collaterals separating from the twelve regular meridians the collaterals of the Renthe collaterals of the Duthe major collateral of the spleen Function: Their function is to connect the externally-inter

14、nally related meridians and transport the local qi and blood so as to promote the free circulation of qi and blood of the meridians.Distribution: The fifteen collaterals distributed superficially over the four limbs and in the anterior, posterior and lateral aspects of the body. Each of the collater

15、als has a Luo-Connecting point, pertaining to the meridian where it derives. The collaterals on the four limbs not only run to the externally-internally related meridians but also possess other tributaries. collaterals on the trunk collateral of the Ren meridian collateral of the Du meridian the maj

16、or collateral of the spleen disperse in the abdominal regiondisperses in the head and joints with the Bladder meridian on the backdisperses in the chest and hypochondriumMinute Collaterals and （浮络）Superficial Collaterals （孙络） Besides the fifteen collaterals, there are many smaller branches and subbr

17、anches which are called Minute Collaterals and Superficial Collaterals respectively. They are distributed all over the body, possessing the function of transporting qi and blood to the body surface.五、十二经筋 The twelve muscle regions The muscle regions are the sites where the qi and blood of the meridi

18、ans nourish the muscles and tendons. Similar to the twelve regular meridians, they are also divided into three hand yin and three hand yang, three foot yin and three foot yang. They possess the function of connecting all the bones and joints of the body and maintaining the normal range of motion.Dis

19、tribution ofthe muscle regions: Originating from the extremities of the limbs. Ascending to the head and trunk. Do not reach zang and fu organs. Muscle regionsDistributionConnectionThree yang of the footThe anterior, lateral and posterior aspects of the trunkeyesThree yin of the footThe medial aspec

20、ts of the lower limbsGenital regionThree yang of the handThe lateral aspects of the upper limbs and headAngle of the foreheadThree yin of the handThe medial aspects of the upper limbsThoracic cavityIndications (经筋主病经筋主病 ): In the treatment of diseases, the Muscle Regions are mainly indicated in musc

21、ular problems, such as the Bi syndrome, contracture, stiffness, spasm and muscular atrophy. In Chapter 13 of Miraculous Pivot, it says, “Where there is pain, there is an acupoint.” That means muscle problems can be treated by needling the local points. 经筋主病主要有痹痛、拘挛、强急、转筋、痿软等。 灵枢 “以痛为输”，即筋病的治疗是以就近取穴为

22、主。六、十二皮部 The Twelve Cutaneous Regions The twelve cutaneous regions refer to the sites through which the qi and blood of the meridians are transferred to the body surface. In Chapter 56 of Plain Questions, it says,”The Cutaneous Regions are the part of meridian system located in the superficial layer

23、 of the body. They are marked by the regular meridians.”十二皮部是经络气血渗灌于体表的部位。素问 皮部论：“凡十二经络脉者，皮之部也；欲知皮部，以经脉为纪。” 即皮部的分区，以经脉在体表的分布范围为依据。 Since the cutaneous regions are the most superficial part of the body tissues, they bear the protective function of the organism. When this function is lost, the exogenous pathogen may penetrate the skin to invade the collaterals and gain access to meridians and zang-fu organs. 由于皮部局与人体的最外层，是机体的卫外屏障。当机体卫外功能失常时，病邪可以通过皮部深入络脉、经脉以至脏腑。 In the Chapter 56 of Plain Questions, it says,”Skin is the place where the meridians are distributed. When the pathogen attacks the s