沪教版七年级下册Unit6Electricity单词和语法

1、初中英语教学辅导讲义教师姓名学生姓名上 课 时 间辅导科目英 语年 级七（下） 上 课 表 现 课题名称第六讲：Unit 6 Electricity教学目标知识点：情态动词：can, may和must的用法考点: 1. 考察本单元单词短语及句型 2. 考察本单元语法知识运用能力： 1. 学习并会灵活运用本单元词汇短语及句型 2. 准确运用本单元语法点：情态动词 3. 完型阅读能力训练方法：练习归纳Step 1 Homework Checkingl 作业讲评；l 词汇短语听写：单词得分 短语得分 l 上节课知识点回顾。Step 2 Warming-upl 经典广告（二）1、IBM公司：没有不做的

2、小生意，没有解决不了的大问题。 No business too small, no problem too big.2、三星电子：感受新境界。 Few the new space.3、麦斯威尔咖啡：滴滴香浓，意犹未尽。 Good to the last drop.4、百事流行鞋：渴望无限。 Ask for more.Step 3 Phonetic Symbols语音基础小练习：选出下列每组单词中音节数目与其他三项不同的一项。( ) 1. A. bottom B. reply C. continue D. return( ) 2. A. test B. fat C. fridge D. jour

3、ney( ) 3. A. major B. enjoy C. tidy D. oxygen( ) 4. A. remember B. perfect C. potato D. furniture( ) 5. A. favourite B. harmful C. produce D. airportStep 4 Language LearningUnit Six Electricity单词归纳n.electricity, conversation, rule, wire, cable, moment, battery, cooker, fridge, bulbv.identify, reply,

4、 connect, lock, test, tidy, touchadj.foolishpron.anyone【单词重点讲解】1. electricity n. 电e.g. Can you get me a packet of electricity? 你能给我一包电吗？ 【解析】（1）electricity 意思是“电”，常常用作不可数名词（2）这个单词共有五个音节：e-lec-tri-ci-ty e.g. We use electricity to run machines. 我们使用电力来运行机器。 We need electricity all day long. 我们整天都需要电。【

5、拓展】 electric adj. 导电的；电动的；电的 electrical adj. 与电有关的；用电的；电的【典型例题】 ( ) I dont want to live in a village without . A. electric B. electrical C. electricity D. electricities2. anyone pron. 任何人e.g. Does anyone want anything? 有人要（买）什么东西吗？ 【解析】（1）anyone 意思是“任何人”；anything 意思是“任何东西”，它们都是不定代词，为单数。（2）常常用在一般疑问句和

6、否定句中。e.g. He didnt tell anyone about his address. 他没有把他的地址告诉任何人。 Does he want anything to eat? 他想吃什么东西吗？【拓展提高】 其他不定代词有：物人地点some-somethingsomeone/somebodysomewhereany-anythinganyone/anybodyanywhereno-nothingno one/nobodynowhereevery-everythingeveryone/everybodyeverywhere【典型例题】( ) 1. Im hungry. I want

7、 _ to eat. 【中考真题】 A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing( ) 2. _is too difficult if you put your effort into it. 【中考真题】 A. Anything B. Something C. Nothing D. Everything( ) 3. -The story is so amazing! Its the most interesting story Ive ever read. 【中考真题】 -But Im afraid it wont be liked by

8、_. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody( ) 4. Julie enjoys listening to music very much. 【中考真题】She often says to me that_ is more interesting than music.A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything( ) 5. -Is your sister ill? 【中考真题】-Yes, but _, only a little cold.A. serious anything B.

9、nothing seriousC. serious nothing D. anything serious 3. moment n. 瞬间；片刻e.g. Id like to talk to you for a moment. 我想和你谈谈。 【拓展】与moment 相关的短语：a moment ago 刚刚;刚才 at the moment 现在;此刻wait a moment 等一会儿 at the moment 此时此刻 for the moment 暂时 in a moment 过一会儿 at any moment 任何时刻4. battery n. 电池e.g. The chemic

10、als inside batteries produce electricity. 电池里面的化学物质产生电。 【注意】battery 意思是“电池”，是可数名词，复数形式为batteries。 e.g. The calculator needs a new battery. 计算机需换新电池。5. cooker n. 厨灶，炉具【短语】rice cooker 电饭煲【拓展】cook v.烹调；n.厨师 e.g. A cook is cooking some rice with the cooker now. 一个厨师正在用炊具煮米饭。6. fridge n. 冰箱 （它也称为 refrige

11、rator） e.g. Help yourself to the food in the fridge. 请随便吃冰箱里的食物。短语归纳ReadingListening Grammara packet of 一袋in packets 几包的；成包的look foolish 看上去很傻flow through 流经in a way 在某种程度上(be) connected to 连接到power station 发电站Here you are. 给你。washing machine 洗衣机rice cooker 电饭煲think of 想到useto do 用去做play the guitar

12、弹吉他rode a bicycle 骑自行车play chess 下棋as manyas 和一样多的be ready to do 准备好去做take the medicine 吃药share sth. with sb. 与分享/共用go out alone 独自外出Speaking Writingswitch off 关（点灯、机器等）a light bulb 电灯泡test the water 测试水温take a bath 沐浴tidy up 收拾妥；整理好air conditioner 空调make rules 制定规则ask sb. to do sth. 要某人做某事More Prac

13、ticesafety tips 安全提示turn on 打开（电器类）turn off 关闭（电器类）at least 至少make sure 确保care about 关心since then 从那以后more and more 越来越多的be careful with 小心Projectdivideinto 把分成onethe other 一个另一个spendon 花在上面【短语句型重点讲解】1. She cant buy electricity in packets like sweets. 她不能买像糖果一样包好的电。 【短语】in packets 意思是“装在包里的”。类似词组：a

14、packet of(一包) e.g. Children will get money in red packets as a new years gift. 孩子们会得到装在红包里的压岁钱作为新年礼物。【典型例题】 翻译： 1. 你能帮我买三包盐吗？ 2. 我能买到包装的电。 2. It flows through wires. Its like water, in a way. 它（电）流过电线。在某种程度上，它就像水。【解析】（1）through 意思是“穿过”，是一个介词，常常指在物体的内部穿过。 e.g. The Changjiang River flows through China

15、. 长江流过中国。Its dangerous for you to walk through the forest alone. 你独自穿过森林是危险的。 （2）in a way 意思是“在某种程度上”。 e.g. In a way, I agree with you. 在某种程度上，我同意你的看法。【拓展】 by the way 顺便说说 on ones way to 在某人去的路上 in this way 以这种方式； in the way 在路上；挡道3. These are connected to cables under the street. 他们（电线）被连接到地下电缆。【短语

16、】 be connected to 意思是“被连接到” e.g. On the new network, all telephones will be connected to other countries. 在新网路上，所有的电话都将连到别的国家。【拓展】connect sth. to/with 把和连接起来4. We use a lot of electrical appliances in our homes every day. 我们每天在家里使用很多电器。 【短语】 electrical appliance 意思是“电器”。electrical 是形容词（e-lec-tri-cal

17、）。 e.g. Can people in modern times live without electrical appliance? 现代人没有电器能生活吗？ The hairdryer is one of the small electrical appliances. 电吹风是小家电产品之一。 5. Keep the outside of the pot dry. 保持锅外部干燥。 【解析】keep sb./sth adj. 意思是“保持（某人/某物）怎样”，此处的形容词用于修饰sb./sth. e.g. We must keep our classroom clean every

18、day. 每天我们必须保持课室干净。 【拓展】 (1) keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词 意为“让某人/某物保持某种状态”。(2) keep doing sth. 连续不断地做某事，一直做。强调不断重复的动作。(3) keep sb./ sth. doing sth. 让某人不断地做某事(4) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事e.g. We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须防止他们知道我们的计划。 【典型例题】( ) 1. Do you know how to keep your

19、self _ when you are in danger? A. safely B. safety C. safe D. save 2. 我们必须阻止人们伐树。 3. 我爸爸一直工作到半夜。 【课堂基础练习】一、根据句意及所给的首字母提示写出所缺单词，并注意其形式。1. When you read books in the library, you must obey the r_.2. Is a_ worried about the English exam?3. You shouldnt make such a f_ mistake.4. The little boy went to b

20、ed. A m_ later, he fell asleep.5. The girl is shy. She cant start a c_ with strangers easily.6. The scientists says we can use wind to produce e_.7. If you cant eat all the meat, you can put it in the f_.8. Dont t_ the hot iron, or it will hurt your hand.9. My toy car doesnt run because the b_ is us

21、ed up.10. I want to t_ your IQ by answering these questions.二、根据中文意思，完成下列句子。1. 妈妈买了一袋苹果和一箱牛奶。 Mum bought _ _ _ apples and a box of milk.2. 这条电线与电视机相连。 The wire _ _ _ the TV.3. 我的姐姐正在整理她的房间。 My sister is _ _ her bedroom.4. 你发完邮件后别忘记关电脑。 Dont forget to _ _ the computer after you send the email.5. 请确认每

22、个学生都在教室里。 Please _ _ every student is in the classroom.6. 在某种程度上，长假期有时会令人感到无聊。 _ _ _, long holidays are sometimes boring.三、从方框中选择适当的短语填空，并注意其形式。washing machine be careful with, sharewith,air conditioner, take the medicine switch on, go out alone1. We should _ the electricity. Its dangerous.2. In hot

23、 summer, most families use _ to help them sleep well.3. Will you _ your photos _ me?4. She was ill but she didnt want to _.5. Please _ the computer. I need to type some letters.6. Dont _ at midnight. Its not safe.7. Nobody washes clothes at my home, but the _ does the work.【语法归纳】情态动词can, may和must【定义

24、】1、情态动词是一类用于表示说话人的语气和情态的助动词。2、常表示命令、请求、拒绝、义务、可能、需要等。【专题精讲】一、can/could； cant/couldnt (否定)1) 表示能力, 意为“能、会” 如：I can speak a little English.I cant swim.- Can you ride a bike? - Yes, I can. / No, I cant. 2) 表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以、能”等 如：You can go home now. You cant stop your car here.- Can I borrow your bi

25、ke? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant.3) 用于否定句、疑问句中，表示猜测、怀疑或不肯定. 如：Lucy cant be at home now, she went to the park just now. Where can it be? I cant find my football.【技能必备】1）could 是can的过去式, 有两种用法：一种表示过去式；一种用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在。2）be able to 意为“有能力，能够做.”, 相当于can/could, 但它有人称，数和时态的变化。二、may; may

26、 not (否定)1) 表示“请求，许可”，此时与 can 同义，可以互换使用 如：-May I borrow your bike? - Yes, you may. / No, you may not. -Can I borrow your bike? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant.2) may/might表示不太肯定的猜测，意为“有可能”如：Lucy may come to school late today.It might rain today.【技能必备】might 是may 的过去式, 有两种用法：一种表示过去式；一种表示更加委婉, 客气的语气或对可能

27、性的怀疑。 三、must; mustnt (否定)1) must (“必须”, 表示命令)， mustnt (“一定不能”, 表示强烈禁止) 如：You must go to bed before 22:00pm. You mustnt play with fire. Its dangerous!-Must I write down the sentences？ -No, you neednt. (-No, you dont have to.) 【技能必备】在回答must的疑问句中，否定回答用neednt或dont have to表示“不必”，不用mustnt2) must 还可以表示非常肯定

28、的猜测，意为“一定”如：The girl in a red skirt must be Lucy. 3) must/ have to 的区别：. must表示必须，强调主观上的愿望；have to表示“不得不”，强调客观需要 如：You must go be bed before 22:00 p.m.My bike is broken, so I have to go to school on foot. have to 有人称、数、时态的变化；must则没有。如：I have to clean the classroom today.She has to finish her homewor

29、k first.It was late, he had to go to school without breakfast.【要点归纳】1、情态动词无人称和数的变化, 2、情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。 3、个别情态动词有过去式, 过去式用来表达更客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在。【课堂练习】一、单项选择。( ) 1. Annie is good at singing. She _ sing many English songs. A. may B. can C. need D. must( ) 2. - _ I

30、 sit here? - Sorry, you cant. A. Need B. Must C. May D. Do( ) 3. - Must I get there at 6:30 in the morning? - No, you _. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. dont( ) 4. Everyone _ pick the flowers in the park. Its a rule. A. may not B. mustnt C. neednt D. can( ) 5. - _ I use your telephone? - Sure. Here y

31、ou are. A. May B. Must C. Need D. Should( ) 6. Our boss said we _ finish the project before March 1st. Lets hurry. A. must B. need C. may D. can( ) 7. Jack is cleverer than me. He _ know the answer. A. doesnt B. cant C. need D. may( ) 8. - Can I watch TV now? - No, you _. Its 10 oclock. You _ go to

32、bed. A. cant, can B. cant, must C. may not, can D. neednt, must( ) 9. Its dangerous to play in the busy streets. So you _ play football there. A. may not B. neednt C. not can D. mustnt( ) 10. Lets take the picture away. Grandpa _ like it. A. cant B. mustnt C. may not D. neednt二、按要求转换下列句子。1. We can j

33、ump 200 times in one minute.（改为否定句）_2. He must clean all the dishes by himself.（改为一般疑问句并做肯定和否定回答）_ 三、情景反应根据实际情况回答问题。1. What must we do before changing the bulb?_2. When you see somebody smoking in the library, what would you say to him?_3. Where can you put the meat to keep it fresh?_4. What must we

34、 do when the air conditioner is on?_5. Can we switch the rice cooker on if the pot is empty?_ 阅读完型训练语法选择 We were going to have a test today. It would show if we were _1_ to get in an honours class next year. But, I didnt think it was hard for me. It was the maths part-my favourite.We took the test _

35、2_ computer. There _3_ 52 questions for us to do in one hour. The boy behind me _4_ nervous. The girl on my left was nervous, _5_. But when I began _6_ the questions, I saw the whole thing _7_ a game. I tried to _8_ easy ways to do the maths problems. At the end of the test, my score was 307. But wh

36、at did it mean? I had _9_ idea. I asked my friend John. He got 227. When he knew my score, he said, “Oh my God. Youre a talent!” So, I asked _ 10_ people, and got the same answers.( ) 1. A. enough smart B. too smart C. smart enough D. very smart ( ) 2. A. by B. at C. for D. to ( ) 3. A. was B. had C

37、. were D. have ( ) 4. A. was looking B. looked C. looks D. was looked ( ) 5. A. either B. also C. yet D. too( ) 6. A. answering B. answered C. answer D. answers( ) 7. A. for B. like C. to D. as( ) 8. A. look B. find out C. find D. search( ) 9. A. some B. no C. not D. any( ) 10. A. other B. another C

38、. the other D. others 完型填空 On Christmas Eve a few days ago, an English couple, the Hardens, got a very special call. It was only a 20-second call but it was very _1_. The Hardens 15-year-old daughter has gone _2_ six months before. On Christmas Eve she rang them. “Im phoning to wish you a happy Chri

39、stmas,” she said, “I love you.” Ronals and Edwine Harden were so _3_ that they started a special telephone service （服务）called “Alive and Well”. The service helps _4_ to get in touch with children who have run away from home. Young people can phone “Alive and Well” and leave a message for their paren

40、ts. The telephones are answered by answering machines. So _5_ can speak to the child or make him return home. Parents of runaway children who are _6_ eighteen can ask the police to bring their children home. So children do not want to tell their parents where they are. Through “Alive and Well” they

41、can telephone their parents and they do not _7_ about this or give out their addresses. The Hardens and their helpers _8_ the telephone messages and connect（联系）the addresses given. About 30,000 British teenagers have left home and many of them are probably in _9_. For only two pence（便士）they can go i

42、nto a telephone coin box and call their parents. They can dial 5675339 and _10_ a parent worrying: Is he dead or alive?( ) 1. A. interesting B. important C. difficult D. exciting( ) 2. A. away B. out C. back D. along( ) 3. A. angry B. happy C. sad D. kind( ) 4. A. teachers B. people C. parents D. fr

43、iends( ) 5. A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one( ) 6. A. at B. above C. over D. under( ) 7. A. think B. worry C. talk D. hear( ) 8. A. ask for B. listen to C. look up D. write down( ) 9. A. Pairs B. Tokyo C. London D. New York( ) 10. A. stop B. make C. feel D. leaveHomework: 温习本堂课所学知识； 词汇短语听写

44、 ，下节课检查； 巩固练习：一、找出下列单词中音节数量与其他不同的单词。 16. A. supermarket B. computer C. delicious D. battery 17. A. and B. across C. air D. act 18. A. beauty B. question C. travel D. direction 19. A. surprise B. chemical C. wonderful D. newspaper 20. A. beginning B. modern C. pencil D. ago 二、单项选择21. Helen _ go on th

45、e trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet. A. shall B. must C. may D. Can22. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont; cant B. mustnt; may C. shouldnt; must D. cant; shouldnt. 23. -I think he is taking an active part in the social work. -I agree with you _. A. in a way B. on

46、 the way C. by the way D. in the way 24. I must _ off the TV when we dont watch it. A. turned B. turns C. turning D. turn 25. I _ back in two weeks. A. come B. came C. has come D. will come 26. The door is locked. Lets try to get into the room _ the window. A. through B. across C. pass D. past 27. Most people looked _ after working for a long time. A. tiring B. tire C. tiredly D. tired28. A moment _ , my father came in w