中大高级商务英语一_百度文库

1、高级商务英语练习Unit 1 the Three Sectors of the Economy阅读理解Just over ten years ago the Labour Party issued a glossy booklet entitled Modern Manufacturing Strength. It had as its subtitle Building a world class economy. It rightly complained of the destruc tion of much of Britains industrial capacity during

2、the years of Conservative rule. It called for a new strategy to revive British industry.Labors booklet of ten years ago said that Conservative policy implied that manufacturing can be replaced by the service sector. This is a wholly false dichotomy, argued the booklet. A strong service sector requir

3、es a strong manufacturing base. In trading terms, Labors booklet said, we manufacture or perish. Labors booklet referred to what it described as Britains appalling balance of payments deficit.Today British manufacturing is even weaker than it was ten yearsago. It employs fewer people. There are fewe

4、r factories. Manufacturing output represents a declining proportion of the total output of goods and services. The balance of payments on manufactured items is as bad as it has ever been.The decline in British manufacturing affects not only the old so-called smoke -stack industries but also industri

5、es that continue to cater for a substantial or growing market. Steel, engineering, motor-vehicle manufacture, electrical goods, shipbuilding, textiles, clothing, industrial chemicals, boots and shoes, furniture, pottery, computer manufacture and many other sections have all been affected. Their mark

6、et share has declined.It is an ironic commentary on this record of contraction that simultaneously under New Labour the income of the top people has leapt ahead of the general rise in the pay of working people. It is not success but failure that British capitalism has been rewarding. It is equally i

7、ronic that it now seems that our public sector, including the National Health Service and parts of the educational system, are to be injected more and more with the failed medicine of the bosses from the private sector.It is plain as plain can be that capitalism has failed to halt the decline in Bri

8、tish manufacturing industry and that in the immediate future manufacturing will continue on the path of contraction.Labors booklet of ten years ago called for a national strategy for the modernization of British industry.This would necessarily involve a big increase in investment. Productivity depen

9、ds essentially on the kind of tools and equipment available to those employed in industry and on the education, training and skill of the workforce from the highest to the lowest level. The necessary increase in industrial investment will not come from private initiative and private sources. Tax inc

10、entives and there have been plenty of them to help private companies do little to influence long-term policy though they help to stuff the pockets of the industrial fat cats. There is no substitute for public investment and public accountability.1. From the first paragraph, we know that the Labor pa

11、rty and the Conservative Party were different in their policies onA. Britain s manufacturing industryB. The world economyC. Britain s industrial capacityD. International trade2. In the Labors booklet, the sentence we manufacture or perish means thatA. Britain should upgrade its manufacturing industr

12、y.B. The manufacturing industry should convert itself.C. Britain s economy will be destroyed if we don t revive our manufacturing industry.D. W e should manufacture goods to support ourselves.3. Compared with ten years ago, the manufacturing industry in BritainA. is stronger than it was ten years ag

13、o.B. employs a larger work force.C. has more factories.D. is even worse.4. Against the context of slowdown in Britain s manufacturing industry, which of the following industry suffers from decline in market share?A. advertisingB. bankingC. electrical goodsD. consulting5. The modernization of British

14、 industry will result in a big increase inA. unemploymentB. private investmentC. government investmentD. output of manufacturingThe prospect facing British industry is worsened by the economic slow down in the worlds principal capitalist powers, the USA, Japan and Germany. The path of their economie

15、s has shown once again that periodic booms and recession are an inevitable feature of an economic system dominated by the pursuit of private profit. It is not the satisfaction of human need that drives the economy but the motivation of profit. Effective demand in the vocabulary of economists is the

16、demand of people who have the money and the willingness to spend. All the huge unsatisfied basic wants of humanity count for nothing unless they represent a market force expressed by the possession of an adequate income.To those who argue that the problems of British industry are attributable primar

17、ily to the exchange rate there is an obvious answer. Who sets, or at the very least influences, the exchange rate? It is not set by divine intervention. It is Treasury policy and the bankers who have the main short-term influence. In the long-term exchange rates reflect the balance of trade.It is no

18、t an answer to the decline of manufacturing to urge that Britain should join the Euro. This would reduce even more the possibility of remedial action. More and more decisions affecting British industry would be made increasingly remote fromaccountability to the British people.New Labour should bring

19、 to an end its misplaced love affair with the private sector.6. The author points out that periodic booms and recessions are the inevitable features ofA. Britain s economyB. the world s principal capitalist powersC. USA s economyD. Japan s economy7. In the economists point of view, what drives the e

20、conomy is the Effective demand , which is defined asA. human needsB. the basic wants of low-incomersC. the demand of people with adequate incomeD. the demand of people with adequate income and willingness to spend8. Which of the following factors influence the exchange-rate of a country?A. divine po

21、werB. Treasury policy and the bankersC. the balance of tradeD. B & C9. The proposal that Britain should join the EuroA. can help British manufacturing get through the difficultiesB. will not be a remedy for the secondary sector of the British economyC. will enable the British people to have the

22、final say in its manufacturing industryD. will enhance Britain s position in the European Union10. The author suggests that, the new Labor party today should A. attach greater importance to the private sector than the public sectorB. increase investment on the industryC. change its current attitudes

23、 towards the private sectorD. ignore the private sector 词汇与结构11. As a giant manufacturing economy, America is still the richest nation in the world. Therefore, the assumption that manufacturing has no future in the advanced industrialized countries is highly _.A. confusing B. untrue C. dubious D. do

24、ubted 12. The majority of the people inhabits in their own little worlds, _of how they connect with the outside world.A. oblivious B. unknown C. curious D. thinking 13. Researchers have _across a drug that may help patients with Parkinson s disease.A. discovered B. come C. found D. stumbled 14. V io

25、lence increased to _that residents were afraid to leave their homes.A. the position that B. the extent that C. the result that D. the depth that15. The majority of the economists hold that it is impossible to stop this _change in the patterns of human consumption. A. huge B. progressive C. dramatic

26、D. great 16. Nowadays, people in cities rely on the mining of coal or pumping of oil to _their cars.A. move B. fuel C. drive D. use 17. The deadline for submitting the proposals is due in two days, but they offered no solution for all our _problemsA. great B. immense C. myriad D. large18. She gave n

27、o thought to all this, and neither _occurred her to do so before she came here.A. would it have B. it would have C. would it D. it have19. Some people believe that the manufacturing industry in developed countries will change, _itself.A. adapt B. modify C. Correct D. convert20. After a country s peo

28、ple are supplied _the physical subject of consumption, they go on to concern about their design. A. for B. to C. with D. about 完形填空In 1998, 25-year old John Stewart was _(21redundant. He was left with a compensation _(22of 5,000 and a determination to be his own boss. As a supporter of his local foo

29、tball club, he had often helped them by maintaining and repairing their seating. He now decidedto set up his own company and make a _ _(23out of his hobby.His first stepwas to get 1,000 brochures printed, _(24the two main services which he could _(25, repair and maintenance. He sent these brochures

30、to _(26 and professional football clubs, and other similar _(27, such as hockey clubs.The week after completing the mailing was the worst of his life.He had no responses at all. Then a letter arrived from Scotland inviting him to give a _(28for a pre-season check of a football club s seating. He arr

31、ived in Scotland in three hours; by the end of the afternoon he had signed the _(29to do the work. For 500 the club had its seating made good, and on arriving home three days later, John worked _(30that he had made a 250 profit.The next four weeks were extremely busy, as club after club invited John

32、 to work for them. He priced each job in the same way as the first, working out all the direct _(31, then adding 100%. Money started to _(32 in and John bought a van and rented a factory unit on an industrial estate near his house.Then in late August the phones stopped ringingas the pre-season work

33、dried up. John _(33 that he needed longer-term work and decided to move into the manufacture of seating for new sports stadiums and the replacement market.21. A. told B. made C. required D. found22. A. salary B. wage C. payment D. amount23. A. living B. practice C. labor D. task24. A. declaring B. e

34、xpressing C. outlining D. designing25. A. do B. provide C. achieve D. succeed26. A. amateur B. unprofessional C. casual D. informal27. A. organizations B. situations C. activities D. sports28. A. bid B. tender C. valuation D. quotation29. A. charge B. terms C. invoice D. contract30. A. out B. up C.

35、off D. over 31. A. figures B. bills C. costs D. prices32. A. come B. fly C. flow D. blow33. A. agreed B. realized C. understood D. knew 汉译英34. 两百年前,几乎每一个国家的绝大部分人居住在农村并从事农业劳动。35. 由于服务行业的发展和随着制造业往发展中国家迁移而 萎缩,许多人已经在谈论“后工业化国家”时代。36. 我们之所以担心先进的工业化国家失业率会上升和制造业会 萎缩,唯一的原因在于我们没有看到到更大范围内的社会发 展。37. 发达国家也可以制造产品

36、,因为事实上发达国家所拥有的生 产技术意味着其制造业仅需极少的劳力支出。38. 一个国家三大经济成分的规模和复杂程度是其经济发展水平 的最重要决定因素。 写作39. 随着出口贸易的进一步发展,中国的制造业继续蓬勃发展, 中国也已成为了当之无愧的“世界工厂”。但是近年来,中 国制造多次在西方国家遭遇了滑铁卢,使得国内的相关制造产业如玩具制造业等遭受重创。请结合实际,谈谈你对“中 国制造”的看法,字数为 150字左右。Key:Unit 1 the Three Sectors of the Economy阅读理解1-5 A C D C C6-10 B D D B C 词汇与结构11-15 C A D

37、 B B16-20 B C A D C 完形填空21-25 B C A C B26-30 A A D D A31-33 C C B 汉译英34. Two hundred years ago, the vast majority of the population of virtually every country lived in the countryside and worked inagriculture.35. Some people already talk about the post-industrial countries , because of the growth of

38、 service industries, and the decline of manufacturing, which is moving to the developing countries .36. W e worry about unemployment and the loss of manufacturing industry in the advanced industrial countries only because we don t look at the larger social developments.37. Products can be made in th

39、e advanced countries because in fact the technology of production means you need very little labor input.38. The size and sophistication of a countrys three economic sectors are the most important determinants of its level of economic development.Unit 2 Management阅读理解John Tiernan has spent five year

40、s trouble-shooting as an interim manager, hired on short-term assignments by a variety of companies to sort out their problems. He has no desire to return to the certainties of a permanent position, because now, whichever company he is working for, he is perpetually involved in a meaningful task tha

41、t s critical to the business at that time, though he admits that sorting out the aftermath of other people s misjudgments can be frustrating. At first he found the gaps between jobs traumatic, but now he has got used to them, so when a job ends he simply books a holiday.Mr. Tiernan is part of a rela

42、tively small pool of managers used by agency BIE. Whereas most suppliers of interim managers have large databases, which they tap into in order to match a manager s qualifications and experience with a client company s requirements, BIE tries to develop a good understanding of its managers personali

43、ties and of how they are likely to fit into a company through interviews and from feedback on their previous assignments. He is very happy with the way the agency treats him, though he admits that he has no idea how this compares with other agencies. One advantage he finds of being one of a small nu

44、mber of managers is that they can get to know each other well, through the agency s social and professional development activities.Interim jobs are frequently highly pressured and can be uncomfortable. John Tiernan was recently brought in to improve customer service at a division of Jarvis Porter Gr

45、oup, a printing and packaging company. Initial resistance from staff fairly soon melted away, but then Mr. Tiernan realized that the division s trading position was unsustainable, and it soon became clear that what was needed was a shutdown, not a rescue. Mr. Tiernan managed the closure, in which ab

46、out 250 jobs were lost.1. What does John Tiernan like about interim management?A. the opportunities to have extended holidaysB. the chance to learn from other people s mistakesC. the contact with a number of different companiesD. the knowledge that the work he is doing is important2. Which of the fo

47、llowing is untrue about interim manager agencies?A. They usually have large database of interim managers.B. They try to match a manager s qualifications and experience with clients requirements.C. They offer trainings for the managers to improve their management expertise.D. They collect feedbacks f

48、rom clients to evaluate theperformance of the interim managers.3. Concerning the way that he gets jobs, John Tiernan believes thatA. he would benefit from being on a computer database.B. the agency knows him well through personal contact.C. he would benefit from meeting more interim managers.D. the

49、agency treats him better than other agencies would. 4. What did John Tiernan find about his assignment with Jarvis Porter Group?A. the task proved different from what he had been asked to do.B. the customer service staff did not co-operate with him.C. he thought it unnecessary to close the division

50、down.D. customer service was worse than he had expected.5. Which of the following is true about interim jobs?A. Interim jobs are often critical to the business of the company during the interim period.B. Interim jobs are much less pressured than regular and permanent jobs.C. Interim jobs will not be

51、 resisted by the staff even at the initial stage.D. Interim jobs can be very comfortable as interim managers have no commitment to the company.The secret is always to keep channels of communication open. Making oneself known to the whole range of employees is useful, although it may not be enough to

52、 prove one s value to the company. Keeping the company s Chief Executive informed is essential for the interim manager s actions to be understood and accepted. Agencies, too, often like to keep track of what their managers are doing for their clients, though few have gone as far as W&S. This Dut

53、ch company arranges for its interims to be assisted by expert shadow managers back at base, who act as a sounding board for their ideas and actions.Client companies hire interim managers to deal with temporary situations, such as mergers or delays in filling senior posts. Although interim managers d

54、on t come cheap, inaction may be even more costly, and if the company has established a good relationship with an agency, it can trust in the latter s ability to supply someone suitable. The interim manager arrives without corporate baggage or vested interests, which may be an advantage in the effec

55、t they have on staff, but the potential downside, which deters some companies from using them, is a fear that having only a short-term commitment to the company, they might not have its long-term interests at heart. Interim management provider s defense is that the success of the system is precisely

56、 due to the reputation of managers such as Mr.Tiernan. But there are fears that the growing demand for interim managers is encouraging too many new agencies to be set up, and the absence of uniform practices is endangering quality and leading to an overall fall in standards. Whatever happens, though

57、, it looks as though interim managers are here to stay.6. According to the writer, which type of communication is uncommon for interim managers?A. maintaining close contact with the company s Chief ExecutiveB. getting to know people at all levels in the companyC. receiving feedback from somebody out

58、side the companyD. sending regular reports to the agency about the work being done7. What advantage is mentioned in using interim managers?A. The interim manager is more experienced in management.B. The interim manager can fill empty senior posts and reduce the loss of the company.C. The interim manage focus on current issues and thus is more efficient in solving problems.D. Wi