Landmark_Compass培训

1、1COMputerized Planning Analysis Survey System2345R CompanyR FieldR SiteR WellR WellpathR Plan and Survey Data Structure6A Company may have several Fields Companies may have different policies on . Company Anti-collision calculations .Anti-collisionPreferencesdMD cos(I)Survey CalculationMethod Survey

2、 Calculation methodsSurvey Tool ErrorsErrors intrinsic inwellbore surveying Survey Tool Error Parameters.7Projected Horizontal Displacement SlotLocal Centre8A Field has a System Datum the name given to 0 TVD for the Field e.g. Mean Sea Level.A Field is a collection of Sites. FieldWithin the same Geo

3、detic System.Geodetic SystemAll Sites within a Field are aligned to either Grid North or True NorthYou can select a Geomagnetic Model to compute magnetic declination.GeomagneticModel91011121314Central Meridian15Equator16EAST17TrueNorthMagneticNorth+ MagneticDeclination TrueNorthMagneticNorth- Magnet

4、icDeclination Compass - Sign of Magnetic DeclinationMagnetic Declination1819GN TNLONGITUDINAL UTM ZONE20EAST21Central MeridianEquator500,000 mGTGTGTGTGrid = True - ConvGrid = True - ConvGrid = True - ConvGrid = True - Conv+-Sign of Grid ConvergenceGrid Convergence22And an elevation above a system or

5、 Field Datum.A Site is a collection of Wells.0.0 N/S0.0 E/WSiteThe site centre may be given map or geodetic co-ordinates.Drilling TargetsSites can have drilling targets.Which can be assigned to a single Wellpath.Or can be shared amongst more than one Wellpaths23A Well is a surface location reference

6、d from from the Site local co-ordinate systemMay contain one or more Wellpaths0.0 N/S0.0 E/WWell24WellpathSurveysA Wellpath may have many SurveysPlansA Wellpath may have many Plans.Plans.but only one Principal PlanA Wellpath will have a Definitive WellpathDefinitiveWellpathAt the Planning Stage, The

7、 Definitive Wellpath may be the Principal Plan .but while Drilling, it would be a combination of the most accurate SurveysWellpath25IGRFGeomagnetic FieldSurvey Date: 20/04/2000Loc: 51 5 45” N 3 15 33” EA Wellpath will also have its own local Magnetic Field calculated using the Geomagnetic Model defi

8、ned at the Field LevelThis local Field is calculated using an appropriate Date of Operations when surveys were being recorded and the Wellpath Location26Measured DepthInclinationDirection OR for Inclination OnlyMD, Inclination OR for InertialTVD, N/S, E/WSurvey ObservationSurveyA Survey is a series

9、of observations made in a section of wellbore with the same survey tool on the same tool run.The Survey Tool can be Traditional (MD, Inc, Azi), Inclination Only (MD, Inc), or Inertial (TVD, N/S, E/W).Each Survey Tool is assigned an Error Model for calculating Positional Uncertainty.27TargetsA target

10、 is a point in a geological space that is used as an aiming point or volume for directing wellpathsThe Target Editor contains two lists:site targets - all targets in the current sitewellpath targets - targets associated with the current wellpath- a subset of the site list28PointRectangleEllipseCircl

11、eGeometrical Targets may be defined as a point, circle, ellipse or rectangle.You can offset the “aiming point” from the geometric centre.Geometrical Targets29Geometrical TargetsPointRectangleEllipseCircleGeometrical Targets may be defined as a point, circle, ellipse or rectangle.You can offset the “

12、aiming point” from the geometric centre.Using thickness up and down, the “aiming point can be offset vertically.30Geometrical TargetsPointRectangleEllipseCircleGeometrical Targets may be defined as a point, circle, ellipse or rectangle.You can offset the “aiming point” from the geometric centre.With

13、 thickness up and down the “aiming point can be offset vertically.Targets can be rotated .31Geometrical TargetsPointRectangleEllipseCircleGeometrical Targets may be defined as a point, circle, ellipse or rectangle.You can offset the “aiming point” from the geometric centre.With thickness up and down

14、 the “aiming point can be offset vertically.Targets can be rotated . and inclined from horizontal with rotation about the “aiming point”.FwdBackLeft RightFwdBackLeft RightFwdBackLeft RightUpDownUpDownUpDownCompass Target ShapesCircleRectangleEllipse33Polygonal TargetsPolygonal Targets may be defined

15、 with any number of points34Polygonal TargetsPolygonal Targets may be defined with any number of pointsThey may also be assigned a thickness above and below a centre35Polygonal TargetsPolygonal Targets may be defined with any number of pointsThey may also be assigned a thickness above and below a ce

16、ntrePolygons can be rotated . and inclined from horizontal with rotation about the “aiming point”.36Polygonal TargetsUnlike Geometrical Targets which have a constant thickness.37Polygonal TargetsUnlike Geometrical Targets which have a constant thicknessPolygonal targets have variable thickness, defi

17、nable for each point, enabling wedge shaped targets to be defined38Polygonal TargetsPolygonal Target Points may be defined using local Northings & Eastings.NSEW(0,0)(149,78)(180,158)(115,151)(210,128)(285,168)(329,102)(260,72)39Polygonal TargetsPolygonal Target Points may be defined using local

18、Northings & Eastings .Or defined using Geodetic Co-ordinates.NSEW(500145,118110)(500294,118188)(500325,118268)(500260,118261)(500355,118238)(500430,118278)(500474,118212)(500405,118182)40GeologicalTarget2. Points are 100 possible repeat survey locations of the actual point of penetration. The 8

19、points lying outside the geological target represent the 8% probability that the target has been missed. We say the “inclusion probability” at the point is 92%. Geological and Drillers Targets1. Surveys show that well has penetrated the target at . Uncertainty in this position is usually represented

20、 by an error ellipse (this one is drawn at 2sd).413. We can colour-code the inclusion probability at every point inside the geological target boundary as follows: 95%90% - 95% 95%90% - 95% 1Sep Factor = 1Sep Factor 1Warning Criteria- Ratio Factor84Error SurfacesSeparation Factor=Centre to Centre Sep

21、arationR1 + R2The Error Surface determines the shape of the errors when relating one wellpath to another in the anti-collision separation factor calculation.Error Surface models are usually specified by Company policy for survey accuracy and collision avoidance assessments.Compass has 3 available er

22、ror surface models:85Error SurfacesElliptical ConicOffset WellError EllipseSeparation Factor=Centre to Centre SeparationR1 + R2Reference WellError EllipseR1R2Radius Projected onto Error Ellipse as Intersected by Centre to Centre PlaneC-C PlaneMajorMinorMajorMinor86Error SurfacesCircular ConicSeparation Factor=Centre to Centre SeparationR1 + R2R1R2Radius Projected onto Major Error Ellipse DimensionSpheroidal Projection based on Major Dimen