宾语从句 (3)

1、The Object Clause (Revision) 土门初级中学 张 涛 宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。 主句是复合句的主体，从句只是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句。从句在主句中充当什么成分，该复合句就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。宾语从句在从句中作及物动词的宾语，介词的宾语或某些形容词的宾语。根据引导词的不同可分以下三种：什么样的从句叫宾语从句？n1.由that引导的；n2.由if/whether引导的； (what,which,who,whom,whose)n3.由疑问词引导的 (when,where,how,why)句子成

2、分n句子成分包括：主语，谓语/表语，宾语，定语，状语，补语 主语 + 谓语/表语 + 宾语 + 定语 + 状语 + 补语一个句子作主语整个句子就是主语从句主语从句eg: What he said is right 主语（句子） This is what he wants 表语（句子）He said (that)he missed me very much 宾语（句子）（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）系表主系主谓教学任务教学任务 复习宾语从句复习宾语从句 重点和难点重点和难点 1 1、掌握不同引导词引导的宾语从句、掌握不同引导词引导的宾语从句 2 2、宾语从句中主从时态的呼应问题、宾语从句中

3、主从时态的呼应问题 3 3、宾语从句的语序问题，特别是疑、宾语从句的语序问题，特别是疑问词引导的宾从语序问题问词引导的宾从语序问题1. 1.由从属连词由从属连词thatthat引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 2. 由连接代词 what,which,who,whom,whose, 和连接副词 when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句 3.由从属连词由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1.由that 引导的宾语从句，that在从句中不充当成分，没有词意，所以常省略。而且它是由陈述句转化而来的。请把下列句子合为一句：a, He says b, Tom is a g

4、ood studentHe says (that) Tom is a good studenta,He said b, He had a car accident yesterdayHe said (that)he had a car accident yesterday1. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 2. “I will come back.” Tom said. 3.Mary said: I have been to XinJiang three timeHe said (that) he was doing his homework Tom

5、said (that) he would come backpractice:Mary said (that) she had been to XinJiang three times由连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose, 及连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句2.由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，引导词在从句中即做成分，也有实际意义，所以不能省略。它是由特殊疑问句转化而来的。请把下列句子合为一句：a, I dont know b, When does the train leave?I dont know when the tr

6、ain leaves a, She asked b,Where is LiMing from?She asked where LiMing was from注：注：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，虽然从句具有疑问的语气，但语序务必保持正常陈述语序。 （中考必考知识点）语序的理解疑问语序正常陈述语序1.Where are you going?Where you are going2.Why is she late for class?Why she is late for classeg: 1.-Mum,summer holiday is coming. I wonder_. -How ab

7、out Qinling Wild Zoo? (2014年陕西中考) A. where can we go B. where we can go C. how can we go D. how we can goB注注 意：意：2.What a nice paper fish! Can you show us _ you make it? A. whether B. how C. why D. what (2013年陕西中考)3. Tomorrow is Fathers Day. I dont know_A.What can I do for my father B.what I will ge

8、t for my fatherC.where I went with my father D.where will I go with my father (2012年陕西中考)4. I was told to meet Mr.Green at the airport.But I dont know_ he will arrive. (2011年陕西中考) A. where B. why C. how D. whenBDB由从属连词由从属连词if,whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句3.由连词if/whether引导的宾语从句，引导词在从句中具有实际意义(是否)，但不 做任何成分，所以不

9、能省略。它是由一般疑问句转化而来的表示不肯定的语气。请把下列句子合为一句：a, I dont know b, Will she come here?I dont know if/whether she will come herea, He asked b, Has she finished her homework?He asked if/whether she had finished her homework注：一般情况下if和whether可以互换，但在以下情况只能用whether。 1.在介词后引导宾语从句时； eg:He was worried about whether he c

10、ould pass the English exam 2.和or not连用时； eg:I want to know whether he is free or not 3.和动词不定式连用时； eg: I asked him whether to sit beside mee.g. 1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我们一起去公园）2. You ask him _. （他是否能来）3. I dont know _. （是否要下雨还是不下雨）4. He asked me_ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane. (

11、2008年陕西中考) A. that B. if C. how D. what if /whether he will go to the park with us whether /if he can come whether it is going to rain or notpractice:B宾语从句的主从时态呼应问题 主 句 + 从 句现在时态从句根据实际需要选用任何时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时过去时态从句只能用过去时的范畴一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时注：注：如果从句表达客观规律，客观事实，名言，警句，谚语的话，不管

12、主句是啥时态，从句必须用一般现在时表达。（中考常考知识点）e.g. 1. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）3. The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转）4. He said that _ (光速比声速传播的快)5. My father used to say to me that _ . ( 失败是成功之母) he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sunprac

13、tice:the light travels faster than the soundfailure is the mother of success1. The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4. I hear they _ (return) it already. 5. He said that they

14、 _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)6. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)8. I think you _ about the race now. (talk)9. I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be) will be goes were playing has returned had been trav

15、els are talking were were doing10. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ there several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yest

16、erday? (do) moves has taken has been risesdid1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁）3. He asked _. （谁的书法是班上最好的） 完成句子who could answer the questionwhom they are waiting forwhose handwriting was the best in the class将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句: :1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What wil

17、l you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with you.Jim asked if he was doing his homework. 5. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 6. “H