英语十六大时态总结及相关练习题

1、英语十六大时态总结英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下（以study为例）:一般时进行时完成时完成进行时现在study studiesam study ing is study ing are study inghave studied has studiedhave bee n study ing has bee n study ing过去studiedwas study ing were study inghad studiedhad bee n study ing将来shall study will studyshall be study ing will be study ingshal

2、l have studied will have studiedshall have bee n study ingwill have bee n study ing过去将 来should study would studyshould be study ing would be study ingshould have studied would have studiedshould have bee n study ing would have bee n study ing时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此， 当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下

3、的动词形式。英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四 者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。一. 一般现在时 用法：A）表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。B）习惯用语。C）经常性、习惯性动作。D）客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。E）表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示 来、去、动 、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。例: The n ext train leaves at 3 o'clock

4、 this after noon.（下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。）How often does this shuttle bus run?（这班车多久一趟？）F）在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来 事情时间状语：always, usually, ofte n, sometimes, every week （day, year, month），once a week,on Sun days, etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：am/is/are+not此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，贝U在其前加 don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用 does

5、n'，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人 称单数，则用does,同时，还原行为动词。二. 一般过去时用法：A表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。B）表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的就是过去时。He used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。）时间状语： ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week（year, ni ght, mon th）,in 1989, just

6、 now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：was/were+not在行为动词前加did n't，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同 时还原行为动词。三. 现在进行时（be doing）概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+do ing否定形式：am/is/are+no t+do in

7、g.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。四、过去进行时：用法：A）表示在过去一个比较具体的时间正在发生的动作。例：Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago. （10 分钟前，玛丽正在听 轻音乐。）B）如果when, while这样的时间状语引导词所引导的主从句之一是一般过去时， 则另一个句子常用过去进行时。例: I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front doo（.（你敲前门时我正 在洗头发。）时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以wh

8、en引导的谓语动词是一般 过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/were+doing否定形式： was/were + not + doing.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。五、现在完成时（have done）用法：A）表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。B）表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。注意事项现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在 完成时强调动作的动态，或受动态的影响，是动态的结果，对现在有影响；过去 时

9、只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。时间状语：recently, lately, since -for ,in the past few years, etc.基本结构：have/has + done否定形式： have/has + not +d one.一般疑问句：have或has。六. 过去完成时(had done)概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之 前完成的行为，即过去的过去”。时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.基本结构：had + done.否定形式：had

10、+ not + done.一般疑问句：had放于句首七、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow, n ext day(week, mon th, year ),so on ,i n a few mi nu tes, by ,the day after tomorrow, etc.基本结构： am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.、be to do be about to、一般现在时表将来、现在进行时表将来。否定形式：was/were + n ot;在行为动词前加did n't,同时还

11、原行为动词。 一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。分别用法：A) 基本结构是 will / shall do。例: We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.B) 有些动词，女口： arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于现在进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以表示将来时。例: My mother is coming to vis

12、it me next week and is staying here until May.(我 妈妈下周将来看我，并会呆到5月。)C) 表示 打算去，要”时，可用be going to de。例: This is just what I am going to say.(这正是我想说的。)D) 表示 即将、正要”时，可用be about to da强调近期内或马上要做的事。例: Don't worry, I am about to make a close exam in ati on on you.E) "be to do"表示 按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做

13、某事”。F) 同样可以表示 正要、将要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。例: The coach is on the point of giving up the game becauseour team has been scored 7 points.例：2005年6月大学四级第65题I wasthe point of teleph oning him whe n his letter arrived.A) in B) to C) at D) on答案是D)。 on the point of doing是固定词组，意思是 正要、打算”。全句的意思是：当他的信

14、到的时候我正要打电话给他。”注意事项：在以 if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unles等连词以 及具有连词作用的副词(immediately, the moment, directly)等引导的状语从句， 一般用现在时代替将来时。强调延续性或动态时，可用完成时。例：I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next yeaf.我 希望到明年你回来的时候，他的身体已经好多了。）八、过去将来时：概念：立足于过去某一时刻

15、，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：the next day（morning, year ）,the following month（week）,etc.基本结构： was/were/going to + dq would/should + do.否定形式： was/were/not + going to + dowould/should + not + do.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should提到句首。例 I said on Thursday I should see my frie nd the n ext day（我星期四说我将于 第二天拜访我的朋友。

16、）九 现在完成进行时（have been doing）用法：表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。例: We have bee n worki ng on this project for over a mon th now.（至U目前为止， 我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花了一个多月时间了。）注意事项：与现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时更强调：在从过去到现在的时间 里，动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现。十、 将来完成时（will have done）用法：表示从将来的某一时间开始、延续到另一个将来时间的动作或状态， 或是 发生在某个将来时间，但对其后的另一个将

17、来时间有影响的动作或状态。 就好象 把现在完成时平移到时间轴的将来时时段一样。其用法从和过去及现在有关，变 成了和将来及将来的将来有关。例 The conferencea full week by the time it ends.A） must have lasted B） will have lasted C） would last D） has lasted 以下六种时态考察较少十一.将来进行时（will be doing）用法：强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。例: Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be w

18、earing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.（别担心，你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的 T恤衫和 一条白色的短裙。）注意事项：由于本时态是由将来时和进行时融合在一起的，所以关于本时态的注意事项，可参考"一般将来时"和"现在进行时"的有关注意事项。十二、将来完成进行时：shall have been doing，will have been doing例: By the end of n ext mon th, the project will have bee n being worked

19、 for 3 years.（到下个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。）（被动语态）十三、过去完成进行时：had bee n doing例: The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.（我回至U家之前，我 10 岁大 的儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了。）（此处强调 拆卸”和组 装”这两个过去的过去的动作一直在反复进行。）（被动语态） 十四、过去将来进行时：shou

20、ld be doing , would be doing例: The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.政 府承诺说第二年7月将有一条新的高速公路正在修建。）（此句的时间状语是具 体的将来时间，所以最好用将来进行时。）（此句为被动语态）十五、 过去将来完成时： should have done , would have done例：I believed by the end of that year an adva need vers ion of that software would

21、have been developed, but I was wrong（. 我坚信到那年年底为止，那个软件的新版本将 被开发出来。但是我错了。）（此句为被动语态）十六、 过去将来完成进行时： should have been doing , would have been doing 例： They said that by the end of the following month, the projeet would have been being worked for 3 years. （他们说到第二个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进 行了 3 年了。） 练习题高考英语动词时态练习1

22、 Here the bus!A is eomingB eomesC has eomeD hasbeen eoming2 It's the third time I _him this month.A had seenB seeC sawD haveseen3 If you go to the western suburbs of the eity , you _a lot of new buildings .A will seeB have seenC seeD aregoing to see4- I have bought an English -Chinese dietionary

23、. - When and where _you_ _it?A do buyB did buyC have boughtD had bought5 She showed him the photo she _the day before.A has takenB tookC was takingD had taken6 While Tom _, his sister is writing.A readsB has readC has been readingD isreading7 By the time he was ten, Edison experiments in ehemistry.A

24、 had already doneB already had doneC was already doingD already did8 I don 't know if itor not tomorrow.A will snowB snowsC has snowedD is snowing9 He was sixty-eight. In two years he seventy.A was going to beB would beC had beenD will be10 Tom _for more than a week.A has leftB has gone awayC we

25、nt awayD hasbeen away11 He said that honesty the key to sueeess.A wasB will beC isD isbeing12 She in London till nest Monday.A will have stayedB has stayedC is stayingD hasbeen staying13 We each other since I left Shanghai.A haven't seen B hadn't seen C didn't see D wouldn't see14 I&

26、#39;ll return the book to the library as soon as I_ _it .A will finish B am going to finish C finished D have finished15 She has bought some cloth, she herself a dress.A makes B is going to make C would make D has made16 Don't go and bother him. He in the room.A writes B has written C is writing

27、 D has been writing17 _you _?A Do ； marryB Have ； marriedC Have；been marriedDAre； married18 Tom: This is a terribly heavy box.John: I you to carry it.A will helpB am going to helpC had better to help D hadrather help19 She told me that her father to the post office when I arrivedA just wentB has jus

28、t goneC had just gone D hadjust been going20 Don't get of f until the bus .A stopped B will stop C will have stopped D stops21 Peter said that he home the next day.A was going to B will go C would go D had gone22 He with us since he returned last month.A livesB livedC had lived D has lived23 The

29、y _to help but could not get here in time.A had wantedB have wanted C was wanting D want24 They will go to work in the countryside when they school next year .A will leave B will have leave C are leavingD leave25 I didn't know when they _again.A came B were coming C had come D had been coming26

30、The fence near the window.A standB is standingC have stood D stands27 They here for more than a month.A have arrived B have reached C have comeD have beenD hadher since28 We _a meeting from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon. A had had B would have C were havingShe told us she had met you in London last yea

31、r. youB Did;seeC Would; meet DA Had;metHave;seenC will rain D rainsC Had;listened D29 If it tomorrow, we won't go to the school farm.A is to rainB will be raining31-_you _to the 6:30 broadcast?A Have;listened B Did;listen would;listen32 I Tom has made a mistake.A am thinking B shall think C thin

32、k been thinking33 I _writing the article now.A finish B is finishing C finished finished34 When you_ to study English?A have;begun B did;begin C had;begunD haveD haveD do;begin35 He was taken into hospital last week. In fact he ill for three months.A has been B has got C had fallen D had been36 I

33、9;ll look after your children after you .A will go B will have goneC are goneD went37 He _of how he could do more for the people .A will always thinkB is always thinkingC has always thought D doesalways think38 The foreign friends here just now.A left B have leftC have been away fromD had left39 The

34、 teacher said that we ten lessons by the end of this term.A should study B have studied C were going to study D should have studied40 We _there when it_ _to rain.A were getting ； would beginB were about to get ； beganC had got ；had begunD would get； began41 Han's Christian Anderson _a lot of fai

35、ry tales.A had written B wrote C was writing D has written42It ten years since he left Shanghai.A was B isC had beenD will be43 We about two thousand English words by the end of last term.A learned B have learned C had learned D would learn44 Since when _you _so many young trees?A have；planted B do

36、；plant C did ； plant D had ； planted45 It _long before we celebrate the New Year's Day.A isn'tB hasn't beenC wasn't D won't be46 -Where have you been? -I to the railway station.A have gone B have been C wentD am going47 I along the road when suddenly some patted me on the shoulde

37、r from behind.A walked B had walked C was walking D would walk48 My brother _Tom quite well, they were introduced at a Party.A is knowing B was knowing C knows D had been knowing49 I didn't know a thing about the verbs, for I them.A wouldn 'st tudyB haven't studied C hadn't studied D

38、 wasn'tstudying50 Don't be late, Mary, the train at 8 a.m.A is startingB has startedC would start D startsD would beD wouldn't fineD hopedD was gainingD wentA has attendedB has joinedC has been inD has taken51 There will come a day when the people of the whole country _a happy life .A li

39、veB will liveC will have lived D are living52 If I had enough money, I a trip.A took B would take C had taken D would havetaken53 My father, who died fifteen years ago, very kind to me.A is B wasC had been54 We _our seats till the party had begun.A hadn't foundB didn't find C haven't fou

40、nd55 We that you would be able to visit us.A hopeB were hopingC have hoped56 By 1914 Einstein _world fame.A gainedB would gainC had gained57 The man put on his hat and away.A had gone B would goC has goneComrade Wang the Party for about three years.-Yes, I there three yearspart in59- you to New York

41、?ago.A Have;been;went B Did;go;have been C Have;gone;went D Have;been;had gone60 she was praised for what she A did B has done C would do D had done61 The book on the floor for ten minutes, but no one has picked it up.A is lyingB has lainC has been lyingD lay62 The boy . A bullet through his chest o

42、n the left sideA.had died ;passed B died;had passed C died ;passed D had died;had passed63 It and the streets were still wet.A had been rainingB rainedC has rainedD wouldrain64 If I when he comes, wake me up.A sleep be sleepingB will sleepC am sleepingD will65 Hardly the bell when the teacher came i

43、n.A did -ringB would -ringC has-rung-rung66 from him so far.A didn 'htearB don'ht earC haven'ht eardheard67 The students went out before the bell _.D hadD hadn' tA had rungB has rung C didn't ringrung68 It was two years since I _with here.A had dined B was dining C dined been din

44、ing69 By this time next year, we all the land onto rice fields.A had turnedB will have turned C have turnedD hadn'tD hadD have beenturning70 What you this time tomorrow morning?A will;do B have;been doing C are;doing D will;be doing71 In the past it people two years to go round the world.A had t

45、aken B has takenC tookD was taking72 Great changed in my hometown in the past few years.A were taken placeB have been taken placeC took placeD have taken place73 His father several times during the war of liberation.A had been woundedB was woundedC woundedD had wounded74 This novel well.C will be so

46、ldD has beenA sells B is soldsold75 the new color film this year?D Has;beenA Will;be shown B Did;show C Are;shown shown76 The work in two days.A has been finishedB will finish C will be finished Dare finished77 I shouldn't trust him because he the police.A is known by B knows C has known to D is known toC were being built D had78 Thousands of people took part in the work when the Three Gorges projectA would be b