高中英语语法——代词word版 附答案.docx

1、代词代词重难点及高考考点：高考考点中对不定代词的考查非常重要，每年必考。复习中应重点 学习不定代词的意义特征和语法特征。此外，人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、疑问代词和 it的用法在历年高考试题中也经常考到。一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词及疑问代词(一) 、人称代词：1 .人称代词分为人称代词的主格和宾格。主格：Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格：meyouhimheritusyouthem人称代词的主格作主语，宾格作宾语、表语和介词宾语。E.g:1. they) are our close friends. 2. Jim told(we) to leave(he)alon

2、e.3. - Who is knocking at the door? - It's (I).4.1 will go with(she).5.Don't place so much pressure on(we).2. 在than引起的从句中，如不跟其他词，常可用人称代词的宾格，如跟其他词，则必须用人 称代词的主格。Eg:1. Hc is more intelligent than/ He is more intelligent thanis.(she)2. Lucy works harder than/ Lucy works harder thando. (I)3. 在电话用

3、语中常用主格。Eg: -1 wish to speak to Mary. -This is she.4. 在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not后多用宾格。Eg:1. Have more wine?Not. (I).2.I like English. too.5. 在介伺but, except后,有时可用主格也可用宾格。Eg: Nobody knows him except I/me.(二) 、物主代词分为.形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词。形容词性的物主代词：my our your his her its their 名词性的物主代词：mine ours yours his hers

4、 its theirs1. 形容词性的物主代词只作定语，也就是其后一定要+名词.Eg:(they)parents are workers.2. 名词性的物主代词可作主语、宾语、表语和与。f连用作定语。Eg:1. It isnot classroom.is on the second floor. (A. we B. us C. our D. ours )2. She didn't bring (she) pen, so I gave her(I).1. classroom is on the second floor. (A. Our B. Wc C. Ours D. Us )2. P

5、lease returnbooks in time. (A. they, B. their, C. theirs D. them )3. This is notbook.is on the desk. (A. your. Yours B. yours, Your; C. you; Yours)4.Our room is over.(A. your B yours C. you)5.A friend ofwill come to see me. (A. me B. I C. my D. mine)3. 在汉语中，“我的”，“你的"这类词有时可以省掉，英语中物主代词一般不省掉。Eg:1.

6、 Hand in your exercise-books, please. 2. He picked up his cap and left the room.3. Don't put your hands in your pockets.以下固定短语中的ones往往换成与相应的物主代词：lose one's waydo one's homeworktry one's bestmake one's wayhold one's breathkeep one's wordmake up one's mindsave one's

7、 lifetake one's timetry one's luckone's ownof one's ownon one's ownin one's spare timein one's twenties（三）、反身代词：myself ourselves yourselfyourselves himselfherself themselves1. 一般情况下，主语和宾语是同一人时，1.1 teach(I)English.2. 反身代词常和某些动词连用。be oneself处于正常状态，显得自然 help oneself to.随便吃 /

8、 用 make oneself at home 别客气 seat oneself = be seated 就座 devote oneself (o = be devoted to宾语用反身代词。Eg:2. He boughta car.enjoy oneself玩得高兴、过得愉快come to oneself 苏醒dress oneself 自己穿behave oneself乖点！表现好点！ 专心于；忠诚于；孝顺；献身于kill/teach/pride/blame/deceive/feed/wash/control oneself3.用于某些固定短语。by oneself：靠自己、自己一个人干

9、(不要别人帮助) between ourselves:私F说的话(不可告诉别人) to oneself：供自己用of oneself：1.1 can do it 3. This is not a bad idea .5. She had a room (四)指示代词(his/these; that/those自动的for oneself：替白己，为自己 in oneself：本身Eg：2.She bought a dress 4. All this is .6.The computer can shut off1. 指上文的事情,that或；指下文的事则常用this。Eg:1. My car

10、is broken . That/This is why I was late.2. Listen! This is my idea: we should wait here for him .2. 在比较句型中,that /those常用来代表前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词；that/those 可替换(he one/lhe ones,代可数名词；Unat还可代不可数名词。如果这个名词是单数可数 名词，用the one的时候更多一些。eg:wc turned out last year.1. These machines are better thanA. the one .B. the

11、 ones C. that D. these2. Thc oil output in 2(X)1 was much higher thanof 1986.A. the one .B. the ones C. that D. these3. My room was brighter thannext door.A. the one .B. the ones C.one D. these4. The weather of Australia is quite different from of China.A. the one .B. the ones C. that D. these3. Thi

12、s和that有时还可以用来表示程度，译成“这么：那么"Eg:1. I only have this much. Is it enough? 2. I never thought an opera can be that interesting.4. that的其它一些词组.like that 这样 (hat is (to say).也就是说 That's all 就这些 now (lhai)既然 Thaf s it!可不是嘛！1. Don't do it .2. We'll have summer holiday this day next week next

13、 Thursday.3. Just don't do it again , 4. dinner is ready, wash your hands.二、不定代词()、对 both,either,neither,all,none, nothing, nobody.no oneany,each,every 的辨析和选择： Both-两者都”其后接复数名词作主语、或直接作主语时谓语动词用复数。与not构成不 完全否定。Either-两者中的一个/任何一个”其后其后接单数名词作主语、或直接作主语时谓语动词 用单数。Neither-两者都不”表完全否定，其后其后接单数名词作主语、或直接作主语时谓

14、语动 词用单数，其后可加。f短语。All -三者或三者以上都”其后其后接单/复数/不可数名词作主语、或可直接作主语，其 谓语动词根据所修饰或所指代的名词变化。与not构成不完全否定。None"三者或其以上都不”表完全否定，其后可加of短语，作主语时谓语动词用单/复数 皆可，既可指人，又可指物，表特指，用于回答how many/how much问句、可以和of连用。Nothing常指物“没有任何东西”，谓语动词用单数，表泛指。用于回答what问句Nobody常指人“没有任何人"，谓语动词用单数，表泛指。no one等于nobody,用于回答who问句。Any “一些、任何一个

15、”其后其后接单/复数/不可数名词作主语，其谓语动词根据所修饰 的名词变化。Each"每一个”其后其后接单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，其后可加of短语作主语 时，谓语动词用单复数皆可。Every“每一个”只作定语修饰单数名词，其谓语动词用单数形式。与not构成不完全否 定。1. What do you think of the performance today? “-Great! But a musical geniuscould perform so successfully. A. All B.None C.Anybody D. Everybody2.1 made a call

16、 to my parents yesterday.To my disappointed,of them answered it.A. either B. none C. neither D.nobody3. He has lived in London and New York,but he doesn't like city.A. neither B. either C.both D. all4. -May I have a glass of beer,please? -Beer? There isleft, you can have someorange juice. A. non

17、e B.no one C. nothing D.fcw5. That's an unpleasant thing to say about your father after he's done for you.A. something B. anything C.all D.that(二)、对 the one,one,ones,il,lhat,those,these,this 的比较和选择the one用于指代特指的单数可数名词，与上文所提到的名词是同类异物。One用于指代泛指的单数可数名词，可指代人或物。Ones用于指代泛指的复数可数名词，与上文所提到的名词是同类异物。It

18、用于指代上文提到的特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词，与所提到的名词是同类同 物。此外，it常用于指代时间、距离、自然现象；或在句中充当形式主语、形式宾语；或构 成强调句。This用于指代即将提及或发生的事情，或在电话用语中通常用this指自己，用that指 对方。That用于指代上文提到过的特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词，以避免重复。指代单 数可数名词时等同于the one与，上文所提到的名词可是同类同物或异物。Those用指代特指的复数名词，此时等同f those ones或the ones。These用于指代特指的复数名词。1. Hello! is Allan,who isspeaking?

19、( A. this B. that C . I D. he )2.1 don't likehouse I'd likewith a beautiful garden.A. a , the B. the, the one C. the, one D. one, the one3. I like poems by Li Bai than ByWhitman. A. one B. the one C. the ones D. that4. The climete in Japan is not so mild as in Taiwan.A. the one B. one C. tha

20、t D. those5. should love his neighbor as himself. A.The one B. One C.Thal D. Those6.1 prefer red roses to white . A. the one B. ones C. that D. those7.1 don't like this cellphone ,you just showed to me .A. one B. the one C. the ones D. this8. The students in your class arc more lovely than in my

21、 class.A.ones B. the ones C. that D. one9. expect you to be perfect, but you should try your best.A. None B. No one C. No one of D. None of10. Greg has made lots of money, but he spendson study.A. none B. no C. no one D. those（三）、对some, any, every, each及相应复合代词的辨析和选择Some,用于肯定句中或问句中表达肯定的语气，也可指“某一个”，其后

22、接单数名词， 表达一种不便说出或不想说出的想法，相当于a certain+nAny用于否定句和疑问句中，或肯定句中表“任何一个，任何一些”Each强调个体的每一个，可直接作代词指代名词、作同位语或作定语修饰名词，且可 以和of连用。Every强调整体中的每一个，只能作定语修饰名词，不能和of连用 some,any,cvcry,no常与-one/-body/-thing构成复合不定代词，且用法与其相似。一些不定代词的习惯用法：Somebody/anybody指有点地位或小有名气的人物。Something 了不起的东西或人物。 Nobody没有地位的人或默默无闻的人物。Nothing指没什么了不起

23、的东两。Something like 有点像 anything but 决不、根本不 for nothing 免费 nothing but 只有、 仅仅nothing like完全不像1 .Wehope to have weekends./hopes to have weekends.A. every, Eveiy of us B. each, Eveiy of us C. each, Each of us D. every, Each of us2. student needs to be careful with their study. A. All B. Some C.Every D.

24、Many a3. Do you havemoney? If you havemoney ,please lend me.A.any, some,sonic B. some,any,any C.any,any,somcD.any,sonic,any4. Mrs wu, Mr Wang comes to visit you .A. a B. the C. that D.this（五）、对 other,the other,others,the others another 的区另ljOther表泛指，只作定语，其后接复数可数名词或不可数名词。（he other表特指，其后接单/复数可数名词或不可数名

25、词，常构成one.the other.。Others表泛指的别的人或物，不能作定语，常构成some. others.。The others表特指的其余的人或物，不能作定语，表复数概念。Another表泛指的“任何一个、另一个”指代单数名词或其后接单数名词，亦可接复数名 词。1.1 often have different ideas from in my class.A. the other B. other C. the others D. others2. Two of the 20 experts are from the USAjhree from Canada,and all exp

26、erts arefrom China. A. the other B. other C. the others D. others3.If you give meten minutes, I'll finish the project better.A. the other B. another C. the other D. other4.1 don't like this book, give meone.A. the other B. other C. another D. others5.Some people like coffee,whilelike tea or

27、milk.A. the other B. other C. the others D. others6. Wc should not speak ill ifpeople behind.A. the other B. other C. the others D. others三、it的用法It用于指代上文提到的特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词，与所提到的名词是同类同 物。此外，it常用于指代时间、距离、自然现象；或在句中充当形式主语、形式宾语；或构 成强调句。1. 从这儿步行到酒吧大约10分钟的路程。from here to the bar.2. 你的手表几点了？by your watch?(一

28、)、it常用的固定句型1、It's+adj(kind,nicc,good,wrong,clever,careful,polite,foolish)+of sb. to do sth.2、Ifs+adj(difficult, easy,hard.important,dangerous,impossible)+fbr sb. to do sth.3、If s+adj./n(useless,dangcrous,no usc.no good.a waste of)+doing sth.1. 他们帮助我渡过难关真是太好了 ！to help me out.2. 对我们来说掌握电脑技能是十分重要的t

29、he skills of computers.3. 独居不和外人来往没有好处。without keeping with others.(二)、it与各类从句构成的句型1、it与强调句 其结构是：It iswas+被强调部分+ihat+从句2、it与连词before/since/whcn构成的状语从句，其从句往往用-般过去时。3、It is+名词 (a pity,a shame,a fact,an honour,a wonder,a good thing,good news.) +that 从句构成同位语从句4、It is+形容词/过去分词(strange,surprising,obvious,

30、good,wonderful,said,report,though【) +that从句构成主语从句5、It's time +that sb.did/should do.从句构成虚拟语*6、1( is/was the first/second/third-last time that+sb.have/has/had done.从句1. 就是因为这本书很重要我才买它。I bought it.2. 这是他最后次到北京。It is/was the last time that he has/had been to Beijing.3. 我喜欢当时住在乡村的那段日子。in the peacefu

31、l country.4. 是我们保护地球的时候了。_our earth.5. 她会缺会太奇怪了！她一向很准时的。the meeting!She is always on time.6. 地球围绕太阳运行这是真理。It's a fact that .7. 他离开济南已有五年了。since he left Jinan.四、疑问代词：用于表达疑问，构成疑问句：Who “谁”指人、对句中的主语或宾语提问。Whom”谁”指人、只对句中的宾语提问。What“什么”指物、对句中的主语、宾语、表语或定语提问。Which，哪个”哪些”指人或物、对句中的主语、宾语、或定语提问。 Whose”谁的”在句中常作定语，也可单独作主语、宾语或表语。What 构成的一些短语：what if.? What. fbr ? /What fbr ? so what? what about.?参考答案：（一）、人称代词：1 They 2 us him 3.me4.her5.us2. 1. her/ she2. me I 1. me Me1. Theirl. our Ours2. her mine!. -5ABABD I. Myself 2. himself3. 用于某些固定短语。1. by myself. 2. for