新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程-4-Unit-2-Sace-Invaders--课后答案(共7页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Section One Pre-reading ActivitiesI. Audiovisual supplementFrom Secrets of Body LanguageWatch the video clip and answer the following questions.Script: Voiceover: But body language is often complex, and easily misunderstood. Here, President Clinton leads the Israeli and Palestinian lead

2、ers Ehud Barak and Yasser Arafat up before the press during peace negotiations. Its all smiles for the cameras, but behind the façade of bonhomie, theres a power struggle going on. Clinton jokingly explains that none of them will take any questions.Clinton: We promise to each other we will answ

3、er no question and offer no comments, so I have to set a good example. Voiceover: The body language then reveals just why that works.Expert A: Wow. Its almost a physical fight. Voiceover: Many view this apparently light-hearted tussle as a sign that Arafat and Barak were getting on well. Think again

4、. Expert A: There is a great meaning behind who goes through the door first. Now of course here in the West, letting someone through the door first doesnt really matter. Polite maybe. But in the Middle East, it has significant cultural impact. Expert B: The host, the power person, says, “Im in contr

5、ol. Ill help you through the door. Ill show you the way.” Arafat: Thank you. Thank you.Voiceover: Throw in the fear and tension present in most Middle East negotiations, and suddenly, the desire of both Arafat and Barak not to go through that door before the other starts to make sense. Expert C: Thi

6、s is a classic example in its extreme way of how the last man through the door is the winner. So Barak reaches for Yasser Arafat. Arafat literally grasps his arm, moves on, and starts wagering his finger at Barak, who, then, Barak, uses this opportunity as a wrestling match to move around, to actual

7、ly be behind Arafat, and then literally grasps Arafat, holds him by the arm, and shoves him through the door.Expert B: So youve got fear and power struggle, showing in big big big big bold body language with it.Questions:1. How is the “getting through the door” movement understood by many people? An

8、swer: Many view this apparently light-hearted tussle as a sign that Arafat and Barak were getting on well. 2. What is the hidden message behind the scene?Answer: Arafat and Barak are struggling to get through the door after the other party in order to show “I am in control”.3. What does this story t

9、ell us?Answer: Body language is very important, but often complex and easily misunderstood.II. Cultural backgroundPersonal spacePersonal space can be imagined as a kind of bubble surrounding a person that protects his or her privacy and which other people may not normally enter. Allowing somebody to

10、 get very close and enter your personal space may be a sign of trust or love. On the other hand, intruding others personal space can be rather offensive.The amount of space people need to feel around them varies with various factors, such as culture, sex, familiarity between people, crowdedness of t

11、he situation, etc. For example: people from cultures that like a lot of personal space feel awkward and embarrassed when somebody comes too close to them; people of the same sex may sit or stand closer to each other than to somebody of the opposite sex; strangers and casual acquaintances usually nee

12、d more space than friends and members of the same family who know each other well; in a noisy street people may need to stand closer than they would normally, simply in order to hear each other. Text comprehension:IV. Explain in your own words:1. The phrase “personal space” has a quaint, seventies r

13、ing to it . (Paragraph 2)Paraphrase:The phrase “personal space” sounds old-fashioned and reminds one of the seventies .Or: The phrase “personal space” has odd touch that was characteristic of the 1970s.2. . Ive wondered if its the season: T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring (or much, mu

14、ch less). (Paragraph 4)Paraphrase:. it has passed through my mind that maybe the cause (of the space invasion) is the season: summer may make people want to be closer to those whose physical attraction is revealed by light summer clothing (though it may also make them wish to move further away from

15、those smelling unpleasantly of perspiration).Or: In hot summer days people can be drawn to each other, especially to the opposite sex ( or feel disgusted with the closeness of others. )3. The logistics of it vary according to geography. (Paragraph 5)Paraphrase:People in different regions are given d

16、ifferent sizes of personal space.4. . individuals routinely commandeer booths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes. (Paragraph 7)Paraphrase:. individuals, as usual, occupy the booths and seats which are designed for four people.Or: It is quite common that one person occupies a booth and a se

17、t of facing seats designed for four people.5. In the same way that the breeze from a butterflys wings in Japan may eventually produce a tidal wave in California, I have decided to expand the contracting boundaries of personal space. (Paragraph 9)Paraphrase:The author hopes that his own stand against

18、 the shrinking of personal space, while small in itself, will nonetheless eventually have a dramatic effect in the same way as the breeze from a butterflys wings in Japan, if it initiates a chain of waves, may eventually produce a tidal wave in California.I. Structural analysis of the textIn the tex

19、t, the writer first points out the fact that nowadays people are more concerned about themselves and want to have a larger personal space than decades ago, and then he analyses the causes of space invasion. The text can be divided into three parts. Part I (Paragraphs 1 2): The writer calls the reade

20、rs attention to the invasion of personal space by relating an experience of how his personal space was invaded.Part II (Paragraphs 3 7): The writer analyzes some likely causes of the shrinkage of personal space, and attributes the invasion of personal space to the general decline of good manners.Par

21、t III (Paragraph 8 9): The author presents his view about the essence of personal space, i.e. it is psychological, rather than physical, and urges people to “expand the contracting boundaries of personal space”.II. Rhetorical features of the text A vivid and accurate description of the behaviour of

22、the space invaders and those whose personal space is being invaded is achieved by a delicate selection of verbs. Some of the examples are as follows.Verbs and verbal phrases used to describe the behaviour of space invaders:- a man started inching toward me (Paragraph 1)- In elevators, people are wed

23、ging themselves in just before the doors close . (Paragraph 3)- In movie theatres these days, people are staking a claim to both armrests, annexing all the elbow room . (Paragraph 7)Verbs and verbal phrases used to describe the reaction of those whose space is being invaded:- I minutely advanced tow

24、ard the woman in front of me . (Paragraph 1) Vocabulary:I. Explain the underlined part :1. drooping; loosened; slackened2. tone; sound3. already over-stimulated/ restless local people/ residents4. unfriendliness; cold-shoudering5. membership of a group or organizationII. Fill in the blanks:1. sidled

25、 up2. carve out3. attribute4. stake a claim5. tread on6. plowed into7. is proportional to8. breathing down their necksIII. Fill in the blanks:1. annoying2. intuition3. relented4. proliferates5. lamentably6. expansive7. routine8. shrinkageV. Synonym/Antonym1. As he did so, I minutely advanced toward

26、the woman reading the Wall Street Journal in front of me.Antonym: significantly, considerably, incautiously2. I have decided to expand the contracting boundaries of personal space.Synonym: shrinking, receding, lessening3. Personal space is mostly a public matter.Antonym: private, personal, individua

27、l4. Manners, it seems to me, are about giving people space, not stepping on toes, granting people their private domain.Synonym: give; present, confer5. At my bank the other day, I was standing in a line snaking around some tired velvet ropes.Antonym: tightened, tense, rigid6. Lately, Ive found that

28、my personal space is being invaded more often than before.Synonym: recently, currently7. The phrase “personal space” has a quaint, seventies ring to it.Synonym: old-fashioned, odd, antiquated8. Like the twelve-mile limit around our national shores, personal space is our individual border beyond whic

29、h no stranger can penetrate without making us uneasy.Synonym: uncomfortable, nervous, upsetVI. Explain the meaning:1. promotion2. endure3. willingly4. canceled5. the most important thing6. moderately warmGrammarI. Fill in the blank in each sentence:1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. BII. Correct

30、mistakes:1. Can he be given the job permanently?2. It cant be true. There must be some mistake.3. Correct4. Gold cannot be dissolved in hydrochloric acid.5. Correct6. Mary could have gone off with some friends.7. Its not fair. Joe can stay up till ten and I have to go to bed at nine.8. Although Sue

31、had a bad accident last year, she was able to take part in the hurdle races.9. I dont agree with you, but there may be some sense in what you say.10. Despite yesterdays snowfalls; we were able to drive home in less than an hour.III. Rewrite the following sentences:1. He is in poor health. He could/

32、may/ might/ can fall ill at any time.2. John looks pale today. He may be ill.3. Even experts can make mistakes.4. John could swim when he was five.5. Visitors could take photos of the castle.6. Could/ Can/ Might/ May I borrow your phone?7. Nobody knows where he is. He could/ may/ might be in the lib

33、rary or in the lab.8. John may have read the book on WWII.9. I looked everywhere but I couldnt find my dictionary.10. Kens car had been stolen, so he couldnt have given her a ride.IV. Complete the sentences:1. so2. not/ so3. does4. so5. one6. so7. do8. didV. Combine:1. It is such a surprise that I c

34、ant get over it.2. It was such horrible weather that we spent the whole day indoors.3. Poor Susan had such a bad headache that she couldnt get to sleep.4. Jack was so out of breath that he couldnt speak at first.5. The music was so loud that you could hear it from miles away.6. The shirts became so

35、stiff that he couldnt put them on.7. She made such a good meal that we all ate far too much.8. There was so much to do that nobody ever got bored.TranslationI. Translate into Chinese:1. 在我看来，礼貌就是给别人空间，不冒犯别人，允许别人有隐私。2. 个人空间基本上是一个公众场合的问题；私下里，我们是允许对个人空间进行各种各样的侵犯的。3. 就像我们国家拥有12海里领海权一样，个人空间就是我们的边界，只要有陌生人

36、穿过这个边界，就会使我们感到不安。4. 说到底，个人空间是个心理上的问题，而不是个物理上的问题；与其说它与我们的外部空间相关，还不如说它与我们的内心空间相关。II. Translate into English:1. The pigeon was wedged in the fork of a branch and it fell after a while. 2. The payment that the motorist will have to make is proportional to the amount of damage he has done to the other pe

37、rsons car.3. You can only enter the cave by inching through a narrow tunnel on your stomach.4. She stammered some apology for entering my office without knocking as she sidled towards the door.5. He took pains to explain to me that I was not being dismissed because I didnt do my work well but becaus

38、e the company was confronted by financial troubles.6. The enlistment of young soldiers infused new hope and morale into the army.7. Once the older boys stake a claim to the lawn, the younger ones had to give way to them to avoid conflict.8. The man following her made her uneasy and she couldnt help

39、quickening her steps.III. Translate the passage: 在一些文化中，空间感觉的一个重要方面体现于人们所需要的彼此感觉舒适却又不觉得拥挤的“私人空间”。例如， 北美人彼此感觉舒适所需的空间距离大约是4英尺。而阿拉伯人和拉美人反而是彼此靠近才会感觉舒服。因此，不同文化的人可能会无意间侵犯彼此的空间感。正如不同的时间观可能会造成文化冲突，不同的空间观也会引发同样的问题。IV. Exercises for integrated skillsI DictationBody language is the unspoken communication / tha

40、t goes on in every face-to-face encounter with another human being. / It tells you their true feelings towards you / and how well your words are being received. / Between 60 80% of our message / is communicated through our body language, / only 7 10% is attributable to the actual words of a conversation.Your ability to read and understand another persons body language / can mean the difference / between making a great impression/ or a very bad one! / It could help you in a job interview, / at a meeting, / or for a special date!Every one of us / has experienced the feeling of an instant