译林版八年级上册英语导学案Unit6（无答案）

1、 译林版八年级上册Unit6导学案知识讲解 Unit 6 Birdwatching知识点1：Do you like birdwatching, Eddie?birdwatching n.“_” v._ 观鸟人：_知识点2：What do cranes look like?句型: What do /does . look like? = _注意：前者是对_的提问，而后者是对_的提问。单选：-What does Anna look like? - _. A. Shes kind B. Shes tall C. She likes skating知识点3： The area provides foo

2、d and cover for a lot of vide “_” 搭配：_和_拓展：回顾一下offer的用法。cover n. “_” v. “_” 搭配：_翻译：1.这个富人提供了我们这个冬季的衣物。 _ 2.请用这块布（cloth）遮盖住桌子。 _知识点4：Many birds live in Zhalong all year round, while some go there only for a short stay.词组：all year round “_” =_while “_” 表示转折stay n. _ v._翻译：我在看电视，而我的妈妈在和奶奶聊天

3、。 I was watching TV _.知识点5：There are not many cranes left in the world, and 40 per cent of them live in Zhalong.left “_” 原形：_ forget “_” 搭配：_翻译：1.我把我的英语书落在家里了。 _ 2.昨晚我忘记关窗户了。 _知识点6：Most birds are active in the day time, so you can easily watch them there.active adj. “_” v._ n._ adv._知识7：Some people

4、want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings.词组：in order to = so as to in order to用于句_和句_ 否定：_ In order that + _ = so that翻译：1.为了能通过考试，我们应该努力学习。（两种翻译） _ _知识点8：This will lead to less and less space for wildlife. Moreover, fishermen keep fishing there.lead v. “

5、_” 过去式：_ 搭配：_keep + _ 意思是 “_”知识点9：Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong.has made 结构：_prevent v. “_” 搭配：_ 比较: prevent . from, keep. from, stop. from翻译：我们阻止他来这儿。_知识点10：We record their types and changes in their numbers.record v. “_”, “_” n. “_”change n. “_”, “

6、_” v. “_”知识点11：Every year, a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch the birds.tourist n. “_” 词根：_知识点12：We hope this will help people understand the importance of the wetlands.importance n. “_” adj. _知识点13：the suffixes -er, -or and -ist1. 加 -er表示“人”，多指人在社会中处于较低地位或是普通人士。2. 加 -or表示“人”，多指人在社会中处于较高地位或是管理

7、和支配别人的人。3. 加 -ist表示“人”，多指事业有成或较为特殊的人，常译为“.家”。 work_ drive_ teach _ run _ direct _ visit _ art _ science _ piano_知识点14：First, let me introduce roduce v. “_” n._ 搭配：_翻译：她把我介绍给了她的朋友。_知识点15： I enjoy the natural world.natural adj. “_” n. _知识点16：You can call me onor email me at amy

8、.搭配：“call sb. on + 电话号码”，“email sb. at + 电子邮箱”翻译：1.如果你有什么困难，你可以拨打110找警察。 _ 2.请发电子邮件至ghsoe给我。 _知识讲解动词不定式：动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，叫作不定式短语。一、用作主语直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式

9、短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如：1. It is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems. 2.The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother. 3.How to learn English well is important. 4.To see is to believe.(眼见为实；百闻不如一见)二、用作表语动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、

10、特征。如：1.The best way is to join an English club. 2.The first thing is to listen to the teacher carefully. 三、用作宾语1. 可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如：1)We decided to talk to some st

11、udents about why they go there. 2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice. 3)Id love to visit Mexico.2. 动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell.，介词结构on.可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to。如：1)Could you please tell me where to park my car? 2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations.

12、 3. 动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语动词不定式，句子结构是.feel / find / make / . it+adj. / n.+to do.。如：I find it difficult to remember everything. 4. 既可接动词不定式又可接v-ing形式作宾语，意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love等。一般说来，动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程，v-ing形式表习惯性的连续动作。但是这种区别并不很严格，特别是美国英语，即使是习惯性的动作也可以用动词不

13、定式。如：1) Then I started to watch TV. 2) I am beginning to understand my parents. （begin用了进行时态，后面只接不定式作宾语，表示事情刚开始，还要继续下去。） 3) I like to eat vegetables. 感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。5. 后接动词不定式或ving形式作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发生；后接ving形式作宾语，表动作已经发生。stop to do停下来做另外一件事，to do是目的状语；sto

14、p doing停止做、不做当前这件事，doing是宾语。try to do尽力做，try doing试试看；go on to do接着做另外的事，go on doing继续做原来的事。如：1)When I left home, I forgot to bring it with me. 2)I stopped using them last year. 四、用作定语1. 句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语，不定式与其所修饰的名词、代词等存在逻辑的动宾关系. 1)I have so many clothes to wash today. 2)I cant think of any good

15、advice to give her. 3)We have no houses to live in.2. 动词不定式所修饰的名词是place, time, way等时，不定式与这些名词呈现出动状关系或同位关系。如：1)He needs time to do homework. 2) He wants to know the best way to travel around the city.3. 在“there be.”句型里，句子的主语是动词不定式动作的对象： 1)Theres just so much to see and do here. 2). but there are stil

16、l many things to do there.五、用作宾语补足语1. 带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要有：要求允许提议(ask, allow, , advise)，期望邀请鼓励(expect, , invite, encourage)，教导告诉想要(teach, tell, want)，等待希望愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。如：1)Id invite her to have dinner at my house. 2) We should allow the children to choose their own clothes.

17、2. 动词不定式作补语，在主动语态句里不带to，被动语态句里带to时多数动词是感官动词和使役动词，包括四“看”：look at, observe, see, watch，三“让”：have, let, make，二“听”：hear, listen to，一“感觉”：feel，一“注意”：notice。如：1)This picture makes me feel excited！ 2)We saw Liu Yu play baseball last week.3. help后接动词不定式作补语，to可带可不带。 1) they can help you to learn English. 2)U

18、sing email English helps you write quickly. 六、用作状语1.目的状语，置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。如： 1)In order to catch the early bus, she got up very early. 2)A group of young people got together to discuss this question. 3)She came to this city to visit her daughter.2.原因状语，多见于“sb.+be+adj.+to do.”结构句中。如： 1) I feel very

19、 lucky to have him. 2) he ran out of money to buy old bikes. 3.结果状语，多见于“too.to”，“enough to.”结构句中。如： 1) Im too tired to do it well. 2)The room is big enough for three people to live in.七、动词不定式的复合结构动词不定式的复合结构是“for / of sb. to do sth.”，for / of引出不定式动作的逻辑主语。这种结构在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。不定式复合结构的介词用for还是of，

20、主要决定于前面形容词的性质。一般说来，of前面的形容词是careful, clever, foolish, good, kind, nice, wise等，既说明人的特性，又说明不定式动作的特性。for前面的形容词是dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, heavy, important, interesting, necessary等，一般说明不定式动作的特性，前面如果是名词用for。如：1).Its a good idea for parents to allow children to study in groups during the evening. 2

21、).Its wise of him to do it well.3)Is it interesting for the baby to play with a pet dog?八、带疑问词的不定式短语动词不定式前面可以带疑问代词what, which, who或疑问副词how, when, where, why等。这种结构起名词的作用，在句子里用作宾语、主语、表语等，或者单独使用。要注意的是，why后面的不定式不带to。如：1.用作句子的成分。1)I dont know what to try next. (作宾语)2)Where to go is not decided yet.(作主语)2

22、.单独使用时相当于一个特殊疑问句。1)What to do next?(=What will we / you do next?2)Why go there?(=Why do we / you go there?九、动词不定式的否定式不定式的否定式是not / never to do.，不带to的不定式的否定式是not / never do.如：1.They decide not to talk to each other.2.His parents tell him never to play soccer in the street.强化练习 单项选择：（ ）1. The teacher

23、told them _ make so much noise. A. dont B. not C. will not D. not to （ ）2. My mother often tells me _so many mistakes.A. not to make B. to not make C. dont make D. not make （ ）3. Tell him _ the window. A. to shut (关)not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut （ ）4. The boy wanted to ride his bicyc

24、le in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to （ ）5. Mrs Smith warned(警告) her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive （ ） 6. The doctor asked the patient _rich food after the operation(手术). A. to ea

25、t not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating （ ）7. The workers want us _ together with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked （ ）8. I saw him _ out of the room. A. go B. went C.is going D. goes （ ）9. He often makes his little sister _, A. cry B. crying C. cried D. to cry（ ）10 Therere so ma

26、ny kinds of new bikes on sale that I cant make up my mind _ to buy. A. what B. which C. how D. where （ ）12. - The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. turned it off （ ）13. We agreed _ here. A. met B. meeting C. to meet D. meet （ ）14

27、. Frank is the kind of person who people like to _. A. make friend with B. make friends of C. make friends D. make friends with （ ）15. Go on _ the other exercise after you finish this one. A. to do B. doing C.does D. did （ ）16. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock A. rested B.

28、 resting C. to rest D. rest （ ）17. Tom kept quiet about the accident because he was afraid of_ his job. A. lose B. to lose C. losing D. lost （ ）18. I need a day or two _. A. to think it over B. to think over C. of thinking D. to think of （ ）19. He was too excited _. A. speak B. to speak C. not to sp

29、eak D. speaking （ ） 20. Im hungry. Get me something _. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. for eating （ ）21. - I usually go there by train. - Why not _ by boat for a change ? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going （ ）22. I asked him to _ me a few minutes so that we could go over all

30、 the problems. A. spend B. spare C. save D. share （ ）23. They wont let his mother _him in that way. A. to treat B. treated C. treat D. treats （ ）24. Im sorry I forgot _your dictionary. Lets borrow one from Li Ming. A. to take B. taking C. to bring D. bringing （ ） 25. She couldnt decide which restaur

31、ant _. A. to have lunch B. to eat C. to eat at D. eating at （ ） 26. Dont forget _ the letter . A. to send B. send C. sending D. sent（ ）27. The chair looks very old, I want a new one _ . A. sit B.to sit on C. sat D.sit on （ ）28. Is _ necessary to return the book tomorrow ? A. this B. that C. it D. wh

32、ich （ ）29. Im afraid they would not allow（允许） him _ here . A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke （ ）30. Mother told me _ the water before I drank it . A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil （ ）31. On my way home , I stopped _ some food . A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought强化练习 . 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完

33、成句子1. Why not enjoy the beauty of _ (大自然)？2. There are not many cranes _ (生存) in the world.3. A lot of_ (观光者) come to the Great Wall every year.4. Do you know the _ (重要性)of English study?5. The hotel always _(提供) good service for all kinds of people.6. There are 45 students in our class, i_ a Japane

34、se student.7. We must exercise more often to p_ the disease.8. Zhalong Nature Reserve has an a_ of more than 210,000 hectares.9. Chinese g_ and people are trying to help the survivors in Yushu.10. The doctors are saving the wild tigers in d_.11. Listen! How _ (happy) they are singing and dancing.12.

35、 When you are in a hospital, dont do things _ (noise).13. Its_ (correct) to drop litter _ (care).14. It is dark in the room. I cant see the words _ (clear) on the blackboard. 15. Father is sleeping. Youd better walk _ (quiet).16. The teacher _(带领) the children out to the playground just now. 动词填空1.

36、Some people want to change the wetlands _ (make) more space for buildings.2. Can you hear the children _(count) in the next room?3. It took us two hours _(choose) the TV set yesterday.4. The teacher made me _(clean) the classroom.5. Im busy _(invite) my friends because I _(have) a birthday party the

37、 day after tomorrow.6. I saw our teacher _(talk) with Mike when I passed her office.7. I often see your teacher _(talk) with you happily.8. Mr Hu asked us _(not shout) in the wetlands.9. We all hope you _(not make) the same mistake again.10. Dont worry. I will do as much as I can _(help) you.11. Wha

38、t does Mike hope _(do) when he grows up?12. My father seldom spends money _(buy) presents for himself.13. He saw the girl _(jump) into the river and swim across the river quickly.14. I often hear the girl next door _(sing) English songs in the evening.15. - Why are you here today, Bob? -I come here

39、_(say) goodbye to Mr Green. 单项选择( )1. The boss made the workers _ten hours a day.A. work B. to work C. working D. worked( )2. There will be _space for wildlife in the world. A. fewer and fewer B. less and less C. fewer and less D. less and fewer( )3. _ did Susan look after the pet? She did it carefu

40、lly.A. When B. How C. Where D. What( )4. I cleaned the square just now. Please dont _ litter.Yes, madam. A. make B. have C. fall D. drop( )5. English is very _ and all the students know the _ of the English study.A. important  importance B. Importance  important C. importance  importa

41、nce D. Important  important( )6. I _ unhappy if I dont do well in the exam.A. be B. will be C. will D. wont be( )7. Daniel found _ easy to make a bird cage with some wood. A. it B. that C. this D. them( )8. I _ the teacher carefully but I _ anythingA. listened to; didnt hear B. heard; didnt lis

42、ten to C. listen to; didnt hear D. hear; dont listen to( )9. Grandma hurt her hand so you have to return _ home earlier today. No problem. A. back B. to C. back to D. /( )10. Dont drop litter _, throw it into the dustbin _.A. carefully, carefully B. carefully, carelessly C. carelessly, carefully D.

43、carelessly, carelessly( )11. I want to tell you about it by e-mail. OK. You can e-mail me _ susan.A. for B. with C. at D. in( )12. I hope you _ good results in the exam.A. to get B. can get C. getting D. got( )13. Do you need more people _ you _ the flowers?A. help; water B. to help; water C. help;

44、to water D. to help; watering( )14. The film is one of _ that I have seen. I almost slept in the cinema.A. the most interesting B. the least interesting C. the most interested D. the less interesting( )15. Lucy, isnt the talk boring? _. You can learn a lot from it. A. I think so B. Thats right C. Yes, I agree D. No, not at all. 根据汉语意思完成句子1. 上个星期谁听了我的报告?Who _ _ _ _ last week?2. 越来越多的鸟儿处于危险状态。_ _ _ birds are _ .3. 这里的天气终年温暖、潮湿。The weather here is _ _ _ _ _ _.4. 那个动物园占地三万多公顷。The zoo _ _ _ 30,000 hectares.5. 老师告诉那些学生不要发出吵闹声。The teacher told these students _.强化练习 一、单项选择。1