大学英语第一课-friendship-PPT课件

1、梁欢2英语13-112021/6/7Can you give some examples of great friendship?22021/6/7 Marx valued Engels friendship so highly that he once said he loved and admired his friend very much. Engels had been aiding Marx who suffered greatly from bitter poverty. Were it not for the help Marx obtained from Engels, Ma

2、rx would hardly have been able to overcome poverty and he surely would not have left behind him a monument. Marx and Engels 32021/6/7Word WebThe stories in this unit are about friendship. Can you raise some of the words which are related to friendship?Friendship42021/6/7Friendshipdurableperpetualtru

3、stwarmcloseintimateeverlastinggeneroushelpgenuinelifelongenduringlong-standing52021/6/7Topic-related Prediction 1. Text A is titled All the Cabbie Had Was a Letter. Before you read the story, think about the answers to the following questions.What does a cabbie do?Who wrote the letter to the cabbie?

4、Why was all the cabbie had only a letter?62021/6/72. Read the last sentence of Text A and try to guess what the story is about.When I got to my hotel room I didnt unpack right away. First I had to write a letter and mail it.3. Read Text A as quickly as possible, and find out if you are right. Can yo

5、u summarize the story with three sentences?Key words: lost in thought; read a letter; an old friend; lifelong friendship; regret; author decided72021/6/7 Warm-up Questions 1. Do you often write letters to your friends?2. Did you ever write a letter which was not sent? Why did you keep it? 82021/6/7S

6、canningWhich of the following statements is the theme.1. One should keep in touch with his friends.2. Never delay expressing your true feelings to a friend.3. A true friend will stand by you forever.4. Late is better than never.Never delay expressing your true feelings to a friend. 92021/6/7Group Di

7、scussion 1. The following questions are what the narrator asked the cab driver. Put them in the right order.1) Did you go to school together?2) The letter must have made you feel good, didnt it?3) Is your cab available? 4) Is he someone youve known quite a while? 5) Is he dead? 6) I thought your fri

8、end was Ed. Why did he sign it Tom? 7) Is the letter from a child or a grandchild? 8) Did you two work at the same place? 3( ) 7( ) 4( ) 1( ) 5( ) 8( ) 2( ) 6( ) 102021/6/7Part Division of the Text From a conversation with the cab driver the author learned how much he regretted failing to keep up co

9、rrespondence with his old friend Ed. Reading the letter by himself, the author learned more about the lifelong friendship between the driver and Old Ed.112021/6/7He had only seen him once or twice a year.FTrue or False1. The driver caught a cold that day. ( )He had just cried.2. The driver had never

10、 seen Ed in the past 25 or 30 years. F( )3. The driver had never forgotten his old friend. T( )4. The narrator was quite eager to read the letter. F( )He thought it was very personal.122021/6/7Questions and Answers1. What did the driver and Ed use to do before they got married? They went to school a

11、nd passed time together. 132021/6/72. Who wrote the letter? Who did the narrator think had written the letter? Find out sentences that demonstrate the narrators misunderstanding.The driver wrote the letter. The narrator thought that Ed had written the letter. For example, “I know Id like to receive

12、a letter like that from my oldest friend.” 142021/6/73. What did the narrator decide to do when he arrived at the hotel? Why? He decided to write a letter and mail it immediately because he wouldnt wait until it was too late.152021/6/7At least they do with me because Im on the road so much.Paraphras

13、e the sentence.At least letters from home mean a lot to me because I travel a lot for long distances. 162021/6/7be lost in / lose oneself in: be absorbed in; be fully occupied with He was lost in playing computer games so he was unaware of my entering the room. I had lost myself in thought. 他忙于这项工作而

14、对周围的一切都很漠然。他忙于这项工作而对周围的一切都很漠然。172021/6/7or something: used when you are not very sure about what you have just said The air fare was a hundred and ninety-nine pounds or something. Heres some money. Get yourself a sandwich or something.NB: 同义的短语：同义的短语：or something like that Shes writing a dictionary

15、or something. 她在编写词典之类的书。182021/6/7go ahead: continue; begin (sometimes followed by with + n.)The board of directors will vote today on whether to go ahead with the plan. Henry will be late but we will go ahead with the meeting anyway. 192021/6/7estimate: 1. vt. form a judgment about (a quantity or

16、value)We estimate his income to be about $8,000 a year.我估计她有我估计她有3535岁。岁。 I estimate her age at 35. 2. n. approximate calculation or judgment made about a quantity or value 估价，判断According to some estimates, the number of farms has increased by 50 percent. My estimate of her character was wrong.20202

17、1/6/7CF:这组词都有这组词都有“估计估计”或或“估价估价”的意思。的意思。estimate 指先于实际的测量、计算或测试而作的某种估指先于实际的测量、计算或测试而作的某种估计或估价，可以是经过仔细考虑，也可以是随意的。计或估价，可以是经过仔细考虑，也可以是随意的。estimate, evaluate & valueHe estimated he would do the hundred miles by noon. 他估计自已到中午时能走完这一百英里路。他估计自已到中午时能走完这一百英里路。I asked three building firms to estimate for

18、the repairs to the house. 我请三个建筑公司估计修缮房屋的费用。我请三个建筑公司估计修缮房屋的费用。212021/6/7CF: evaluate 很少表示用金钱来估计某物的市场价值，而是对很少表示用金钱来估计某物的市场价值，而是对其相对或内在价值的评定。其相对或内在价值的评定。 The research project has only been under way for three months, so its too early to evaluate its success.这个研究项目进行了不过三个月，所以要对它的效果作出这个研究项目进行了不过三个月，所以要对

19、它的效果作出评价为时尚早。评价为时尚早。 value 指估计某物的价值、价格。指估计某物的价值、价格。 He valued the house for me at 3,500. 他为我给这幢房子估价，价值他为我给这幢房子估价，价值3,5003,500英镑。英镑。 222021/6/7Put into each gap one of the above words. Change the form where necessary.1. How do teachers their students work? 2. It was that there were more than 2,250,00

20、0 spiders in one acre of grass field. 3. They have gone to have their jewels evaluate _estimated _valued _.CF: estimate, evaluate & value232021/6/7might / may (just) as well: If you say that you might / may (just) as well do sth., you mean that you will do it although you do not have a strong de

21、sire to do it and may even feel slightly reluctant about it.Anyway, youre here; you might as well stay. The post office is really busy. Well have to queue for ages to get served. We might as well go home.这道甜食我还是不吃了吧。这道甜食我还是不吃了吧。 I might as well give the sweet course a miss. 242021/6/7not much of: no

22、t a good 天气不是很好。天气不是很好。It is not much of a day. Some people may think that doing housework for others is not much of a career. He is not much of a father, but he is an outstanding professor. 252021/6/7keep up: continue without stopping I was so hungry all the time that I could not keep the diet up f

23、or longer than a month. Collocation:keep tokeep up with keep on keep out of keep off 坚持；信守坚持；信守跟上；赶上跟上；赶上继续进行；反复地做继续进行；反复地做躲开；（使）置身于躲开；（使）置身于之外之外避开；不让避开；不让接近接近262021/6/7Put into each gap one of the phrases. Change the form where necessary.1. the grass! 2. If this rain , the garden will be ruined. 3.

24、 Try to trouble. 4. Dont run I cant you. 5. He just writing, paying no attention to the cry of the baby. 6. He always his promises. Keep off _keeps up _keep out of _keep up with _kept on _keeps to _272021/6/7Collocation:carry on correspondence break off correspondence business / commercial correspon

25、dence personal correspondence in correspondence with 进行通信进行通信中断通信中断通信商业书信商业书信私人通信私人通信与与有通信联系有通信联系282021/6/7kind of / sort of: (“kind of” esp. AmE, “sort of” esp. BrE) a little bit; in some way or degree (used before verb or after a link verb)The boys description kind of gives us an idea of whats hap

26、pening. She wasnt beautiful. But she was kind of cute. 她有点希望能受到邀请。她有点希望能受到邀请。 She kind of hoped to be invited. 292021/6/7keep in touch (with sb.): If you keep in touch with someone, you write to, phone, or visit each other regularly.The old man kept in touch with his children while living in a nursi

27、ng home.While doing the research work in the Antarctic, the professor kept in touch with his students via email. Collocation:stay in touch with 与与保持联系保持联系get in touch with 与与取得联系取得联系302021/6/7come up: 1. happen or occur, esp. unexpectedlySorry, I am late something came up at home. 2. be mentioned or

28、 discussedThe issue of safety came up twice during the meeting.News about Project Hope has come up a lot after the earthquake in various media.312021/6/7Collocation:come across come along come down come over come through come up with 偶遇，碰到偶遇，碰到 进展；出现进展；出现流传下来；落魄，失势流传下来；落魄，失势从远处来，过来；短暂造访从远处来，过来；短暂造访

29、经历（困难），安然度过经历（困难），安然度过 想出（计划、答案、回答等）想出（计划、答案、回答等） 322021/6/7Put into each gap one of the phrases. Change the form where necessary.1. He couldnt an appropriate answer just at the time. 2. Hows your work ? 3. These legends to us from the 15th century. 4. The old man was 90 years old and lucky to his o

30、peration. 5. Weve just an old friend we havent seen for ages. 6. and see us sometime. come up with _coming along _came down _come through _come across _Come over _332021/6/7urge sb. to do sth. urge + that-clause. urge: vt. try very hard to persuade They urged the local government to approve plans fo

31、r their reform program. Sir Fred urged that Britain (should) join the European Monetary System.Pattern: 342021/6/7postpone: vt. delay (usu. followed by n. / gerund) The couple had postponed having children to establish their careers.我们把比赛从我们把比赛从3 3月月5 5日推迟到日推迟到3 3月月1919日举行。日举行。 We postponed the matc

32、h from March 5th to March 19th. CF: postpone & delay 这组词都有这组词都有“延缓延缓”或或“耽搁耽搁”的意思。的意思。postpone 指将某事推迟或耽搁延后进行，也可以用来比指将某事推迟或耽搁延后进行，也可以用来比喻将某人或某物置于次要地位。例如：喻将某人或某物置于次要地位。例如：352021/6/7It is not right for him to postpone the public interest. 他将公众利益放在后面是不对的。他将公众利益放在后面是不对的。 CF: delay 指由于干扰或意外事故而延误，特别是延误了

33、某指由于干扰或意外事故而延误，特别是延误了某事的预期完成或某人某物的按时到达。有时也可能是由事的预期完成或某人某物的按时到达。有时也可能是由于主观原因故意造成的拖延或耽搁。例如：于主观原因故意造成的拖延或耽搁。例如：The flood seriously delayed the train service. 洪水严重延误了铁路运输。洪水严重延误了铁路运输。 Our debtor delays payment from day to day. 欠我们债的人一天又一天地拖延还款。欠我们债的人一天又一天地拖延还款。 The ball game was postponed because of the

34、 rain.球赛因雨延期。球赛因雨延期。 362021/6/7Put into each gap one of the above words. Change the form where necessary.1. The ship was two hours. 2. We are our trip until the weather grows warmer. delayed _postponing _CF: postpone & delay372021/6/7Collocation:a reference book a reference library for reference

35、 in / with reference to 参考书，工具书参考书，工具书（不外借书的）参考书阅览室（不外借书的）参考书阅览室作参作参考考关于关于382021/6/7It had references to things that probably meant something to the driver.1. What does it refer to? It refers to the letter. 2. What does reference mean here? It means the act of mentioning. 3. Paraphrase the sentence.

36、The letter mentioned something that might be important to the driver. 392021/6/7“Like it says there,” he answered, “about all we had to spend in those days was time.”Translate the sentence.他回答说，“我俩在那个时候能花的只有时间。”402021/6/7hang about / around hang on hang over hang up （在（在）闲逛）闲逛 （打电话时用语）不挂断；坚持下去（打电话时用

37、语）不挂断；坚持下去 挂在挂在上；笼罩，威胁上；笼罩，威胁挂断电话；搁置，拖延挂断电话；搁置，拖延412021/6/7But we hung out on the same corner when we were single. Paraphrase the sentence and translate it into Chinese. But we passed our free time together before we got married.不过没成家时我俩总在一起闲荡。不过没成家时我俩总在一起闲荡。422021/6/7(every) now and then: Every now

38、 and then I have a desire to quit my tedious job. I still see Jane for lunch every now and then, but not as often as I used to.Collocation:now and again now or never 不时地不时地勿失良机勿失良机NB: 表示表示“偶尔、有时偶尔、有时”的词和短语：的词和短语： 1. at 2. (every) now and 3. (every) now and 4. (every) once 5. from 6. some 7. on 8. oc

39、c ly times _then _again _in a while _time to time _times _occasion _asional _432021/6/7awful: adj. (used to add force) very great; very bad or unpleasantI have got an awful lot of work to do. I cant bear the awful smell of cigarette smoke.Thats an awful lot of money. 那是很多很多钱啊！442021/6/7Your friendsh

40、ip over the years has meant an awful lot to me, more than I can say because Im not good at saying things like that.Paraphrase the sentence. Your friendship over the years has been very important to me, more important than I can say because Im not good at expressing my feelings. 452021/6/7right away:

41、 at once Tom has got a high fever; he should go and see a doctor right away. I wrote him a letter and posted it right away. NB: 表示表示“立即、马上立即、马上”的词和短语：的词和短语：1. at 3. im ly 5. p ly 7. straight 2. d ly 4. in ly 6. right once _mediate _rompt _irect _stant _away _away _462021/6/7Writing PracticeA Brief I

42、ntroduction Sample Letter Homework How to Write Personal Letters? Ideas For Writing Your Personal Letter 472021/6/7Useful Expressions1. 完全沉浸于完全沉浸于 be completely lost in2. 引起引起的注意的注意get sb.s attention3. 坐进后座坐进后座 settle into the back seat5. 不着急不着急in no hurry6. 接着，继续接着，继续go ahead7. 记住了，能背出来记住了，能背出来know

43、 sth. by heart4. 得了感冒什么的得了感冒什么的have a cold or something482021/6/78. 家书抵万金。家书抵万金。Letters from home always mean a lot.9. 老是在外旅行老是在外旅行be on the road so much10. 不大会不大会not much of a hand at 11. 保持通信往来保持通信往来keep up correspondenceall the way through both grade and high school12. 从小学一直到高中从小学一直到高中13. 老街坊老街坊a

44、n old neighborhood492021/6/715. 失去联系失去联系lose touch16. 老同学聚会老同学聚会 a class reunion17. 时间不饶人。时间不饶人。Time goes by.18. 在一起闲逛在一起闲逛hang out on the same corner19. 点头称是点头称是nod in agreement20. 在远处在远处 in the distance14. 沉默沉默in silence502021/6/7Writing Style 1. Find out sentences from Text A similar in meaning t

45、o those given below. 1) Go on reading your letter. 2) Im not used to writing letters. Go ahead and finish your letter. Im not much of a hand at writing. 3) We were friends since our childhood. So our friendship has a long history. We were kids together, so we go way back. 512021/6/74) For one reason

46、 or another you lose touch even though you never forget. You kind of lose touch even though you never forget. 5) It is painful to lose any friend. Its no fun to lose any friend. 2. Try to make the following sentences complete. 1) From a child or maybe a grandchild?2) Went to school together?Is the l

47、etter from a child or maybe a grandchild? Did you go to school together? 522021/6/73) Died a couple of weeks ago.4) Enjoyed talking with you.He died a couple of weeks ago. Ive enjoyed talking with you. 3. What characteristics do the sentences from the text share?They are very colloquial. 532021/6/7

48、Most of this text is actually a re-creation of the conversation between a taxi driver and the narrator. Therefore it provides ample examples of how English is spoken in daily life by native speakers. In spoken English sentences tend to be short and simple. Some sentences are incomplete. Besides, som

49、e words or phrases do not usually find their way into written English, for example, sort of, kind of, you know, I think, I guess, I take it, well, go ahead, hang out, its no fun to do sth., not much of a hand at doing sth., a couple of, every now and then, an awful lot, etc. 4. Say something about t

50、he differences between spoken English and written English. 542021/6/7Discussion 1. The texts in this unit are about friendship. Decide which of the following statements you agree or disagree with. Real friends are always of the same sex. Childhood friendship rarely lasts into adulthood. Time and dis

51、tance can never alter real friendship.2. Write down two names: a childhood friend you still remember and a close friend now. How similar or different are your relationships with each one?552021/6/7 Personal letters, such as letters to your family and friends, are often written more like conversation

52、s. You can write a letter to thank someone, share family and school news, pass on interesting information, describe what has been happening, or communicate humorous stories. If you have friends or family who live a distance from you, why not write them a letter to keep in touch? Even if they live cl

53、ose by, a letter is a special way of showing you are thinking about them.How to Write Personal Letters? 562021/6/7 You can format a personal letter any way you like, but there are a few important elements that you need to include, such as: Date the date you are writing the letter Greeting say hello

54、to the person you are writing to Content why you are writing, news and information Closing the way you end your letter Signature sign your name to make it personal and friendly P.S. postscript. You can use a P.S. to add something at the end of the letter that you forgot to say earlier. A P.S. always

55、 comes at the bottom of the letter, below your signature. 572021/6/7Ideas For Writing Your Personal Letter Are you stuck for ideas about what to talk about in a letter? Here are some tips for you. Talk about family birthdays, special events, trips youve been on. Share funny stories about your pets.

56、Talk about your new computer game, CD or DVD. Wish someone a Happy Birthday. Write some news about school your teacher, your friend, special visitors and activities.582021/6/7 Write about whats happening in your city. Talk about a great book youve read, or an exciting film youve seen. Ask questions

57、to find out what theyve been doing and what interests them.592021/6/7April 14, 2009Dear Mike,Thanks so much for the great birthday present. I really love it! Ive wanted that CD for ages. How did you know? You are really cool!Ive been working really hard at school. Weve got some exams coming up, so I

58、ve got heaps of study to do. Hopefully Ill remember everything! I hate exams! Sample Letter 602021/6/7Last weekend I stayed at Jacquies place. We studied together (yes, I actually did do some homework as well) and I went to a party that really rocked. See you in the holidays. Thanks again for the CD

59、.Yours truly,MaryP.S. Mum says hello.612021/6/7Homework You and your best friend Ming went to different universities after graduation from high school. Write a letter to Ming. Ask about his university life and write some news about your campus life. Also discuss about how to spend the coming Nationa

60、l Day holiday.622021/6/7Sep. 17, 2009Dear Ming, It feels like such a long time since the last time I saw you. I know its only been several weeks, but I miss you so much. Lifes just not that much fun without you. At least we can still write letters to each other! Do you like your new school? Is it beautiful? Have y