(高中程度)形容词辨析

1、1.historic - historical historic：Having importance in or influence on history. 历史上著名的 a historic spot 古迹historic times 有史时期(与 prehistoric times 史前时期相对)May 4, 1919 is a historic day. 1919 年5月4日是有历史意义的一天.a historic event/speech/spot 有历史意义的事件/演说/景点 historical：belong to history 历史上的 associated with past

2、 times 与过去时代有关的 a historical people/novel/play/film/painting 历史上的人物/小说/戏剧/电影/图画historical trend 历史潮流historical evidence 史实a historical treatise 史论 2.electric - electrical electric: worked by, changed with, producing electricity (指直接用电的)用电的，带电的, 有电的 electric current/cable 电流/电缆an electric spark 电火花an

3、 electric cooker 电炊具This heavy freighter is driven by two electric motors. 这辆重型运输汽车是由两台电动机驱动的. electrical: relating to, or operated by electricity: 电气方面的，与电有关的 electrical engineering 电机工程(与电力有关的)electrical apparatus 电气设备(包括不一定直接使用电的设置) 3.economic - economical economic: Of or relating to the producti

4、on, development, and management of material wealth, as of a country, household, or business enterprise. 经济(上的)，经济方面的 economic policy/geography/crisis/crops 经济政策/经济地理学/经济危机/经济作物 economical: Prudent and thrifty in management; not wasteful or extravagant 经济的，节俭的 an economical housewife/store 勤俭持家的主妇/廉价

5、商店be economical of one's time 节省时间My new car is economical of fuel. 我的新汽车节省燃料不费油. 4.industrial - industrious industrial: of industries 工业的 the industrial revolution/products/system 工业革命/工业产品/工业系统 industrious: hard-working, diligent 勤劳的, 刻苦的 industrious people 勤劳的人民 5.considerable - considerate c

6、onsiderable: great much 相当多（大）的 a considerable income 相当可观的收入a considerable distance 一段颇远的距离a considerable man in local affairs 地方事务上相当重要的人物 considerate: thoughtful 体谅的，考虑周到的 He is no more considerate of others than his brother is. 他不体谅别人，就跟他弟弟一样. You might be a thought more considerate of other peo

7、ple. 你该多想著点儿别人. （CET-4 近义词辨析）considerate, thoughtful, attentive这些形容词均含“关心的，体贴的”之意。considerate: 指能设身处地为别人着想，给予同情或谅解。thoughtful: 指为他人着想，主动关怀，做有益于他人的事。attentive: 指对人关怀备至，热情周到，这可能出于真诚，也可能出于私利。 6.sensible - sensitive sensible: reasonable, having good sense 通情达理的， 明智的 a sensible woman 豁达的妇女sensible idea 明

8、智的观点 sensible clothes 实用的衣服 sensitive: quick to receive impression 敏感的，灵敏的 a sensitive ear 敏感的耳朵luminous sensitive 感光灵敏的a sensitive skin 易受伤的皮肤sensitive paper 感光纸 7.continual - continuous continual: going on all the time without stopping or with only short breaks, stop and go repeatedly 断断续续的(中间可能有短

9、暂的停顿) He hates these continual arguments. 他讨厌这种无休止的争论.Her proposal met with continual rejections. 她的建议一再遭到拒绝. I've had enough of her continual chatter. 我已厌烦了她喋喋不休的闲谈. continuous: going on without a break, an uninterrupted flow 连续不断的 (中间没有停顿) a continuous noise 连续不断的噪音continuous rain all day 下了一整

10、天的雨3 days' continuous flight 连续三天的飞行continuous fight/work 连续的战斗/工作（CET-4 辨析continual continuous跟 successive 的不同）He won the game in three successive seasons.连续三个赛季赢得比赛，但是每个赛季之间其实都隔开一定时间的，所以意义上是连续的，空间时间上是非连续的8.intense - intensive intense: high in degree (指程度)强烈的， 剧烈的，高度的 intense life 紧张的生活intense

11、heat 酷热intense pain 剧痛an intense longing 渴望an intense lady 热情的女子 intensive: deep and thorough (指深入研究)精深的， 集中的 make an intensive study of sth. 对某事进行深入的研究intensive reading 精读intensive agriculture密集农业 9.respectable - respectful - respective respectable: deserving respect 值得尊敬的，有名望的 a respectable man/pr

12、ofession 令人尊敬的人/职业a respectable teacher 一位可敬的老师a respectable appearance 体面的外表 respectful: showing respect 尊敬人的，有礼貌的 He behaved in a respectful way. 他的举止彬彬有礼. He is always respectful to the elders. 他对年长者总是很有礼貌.The old man will get a respectful hearing when he tells of something. 那个老人说话时，人们总是毕恭毕敬地聆听.

13、respective: belongs to each of these 分别的，各自的 They sat on their respective chairs. 他们坐在各自的位子上. 10.imaginable - imaginary - imaginative imaginable: that can be imagined 可想像的 This is the only solution imaginable. 这是唯一能想出的解决办法.We had the greatest difficulty imaginable. 我们遇到了可以想象到的最大困难. imaginary: existi

14、ng only in the mind, unreal 假想的，不真实的 imaginary figure 虚构的人物He told a story about an imaginary land. 他讲了一个关于虚构的地方的故事. imaginative: of, having, using imagination 有想象力的， 运用想象力的 a imaginative writer 富有想像力的作家The plan is very imaginative in conception. 这个计划在构思上很有想象力. 11. intelligent - intelligible - intel

15、lectual intelligent: having, showing intelligence, clever 有才智的, 聪明的 an intelligent looking girlintelligent answer intelligible: clear to mind, that can be easily understood. 易了解的, 易领悟的 an intelligible speech/explanation intellectual: possessing a great deal of knowledge 知识的, 智力的 intellectual educati

16、on 智育intellectual faculties 智力, 智能intellectual work 脑力工作 12. contemptible - contemptuous contemptible: deserving contempt, despicable 可卑的 a contemptible lie It was a contemptible trick to tell lies and play on an old friend! 说谎耍弄老朋友是卑鄙伎俩! contemptuous: showing contempt 表示轻视的 a contemptuous look cont

17、emptuous air 傲慢态度She's contemptuous of my humble home and poor surroundings. 她瞧不起我出身卑贱， 家境贫困. 13. credible - credulous - creditable credible: that can be believed 可信的， 可靠的 credible witness 可信的证人It is hardly credible. 这是难以置信的. credulous: too ready to believe things. 轻易相信的， 易上当的 He always cheats c

18、redulous people. credulous superstition 幼稚的迷信 creditable: that brings credit. 可称赞的, 可信的事物a creditable record/deed/effort 14. alternate - alternative alternate: changing by turns 轮流的， 交替的 alternate winter and summer 冬夏交替She works on alternate days. 她隔日工作. alternative: giving a choice between two thin

19、gs 选择的， 两者选一的 The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative road.We have no alternative but to go on. 除了继续下去,我们没有选择的余地 15. comparable - comparative comparable 可比较的， 有类似之处的 There is no scenery comparable to that of the West lake. A fire is comparable with the sun; both give light and heat. compar

20、ative 比较而言的， 相当的 He lived in comparative comfort recently. live in comparative comfort 过相当舒适的生活 16. politic - political politic judicious; cunning. 精明的 a politic decision. 一个明智的决定 political 政治的 political asylum 政治庇护political economy 政治经济学 17. beneficial - beneficent - benevolent beneficial is someth

21、ing that has a good result. 有益的Receiving a college degree is a beneficial for your future. beneficent performing acts of kindness or charity 多多行善的 a beneficent act 慈善的行为 benevolent: intending or showing kindness 仁慈的,乐善好施的He is benevolent to old people. 他对老人极为亲切. 18. official - officious official 官方的

22、official duties 公务an official statement 正式声明discard official airs 放下官架子with official solemnity 打官腔, 摆官架子 officious 多管闲事的 ,非官方的an officious statement 非正式声明officious interference 不必要的干涉 19. potent - potential potent Possessing inner or physical strength; powerful.强有力的 a potent effect on 对.有巨大影响potent

23、remedy 有效的药 potential Having possibility, capability, or power.潜在的， 可能的 Every seed is a potential plant. 每粒种子都可能长成植物.Education develops potential abilities. 教育能开发人的潜能. 20. confident - confidential confident Marked by confidence in oneself; self-assured.有信心的， 自信的 a confident smile 信赖的微笑a confident be

24、aring 自信的举止a confident attack 大胆的攻击 confidential secret 机密的 confidential clerk 机要秘书confidential files 机要档案confidential information 秘密情报21. negligent - negligible negligent 忽视的， 粗心大意的 be negligent in one's work 工作马虎be negligent of one's duties 玩忽职守negligent parents negligible: So small as to

25、be meaningless; insignificant可忽视的, 不予重视的 a negligible quantity 可忽略的量因素In buying a suit, a difference of ten cents in prices is negligible. 买一套衣服价钱只差一角钱是无所谓的. 22. momentary - momentous momentary 瞬时的， 短时的momentary joy 瞬息的喜悦a momentary delay 暂时的耽搁 momentous 重大的 a momentous occasion 重要的场合 23. memorable

26、- memorial memorable 值得记忆的，不能忘却的, 重大的a lady of memorable beauty 绝代佳人This was indeed the most memorable day of my life. 这的确是我一生中最值得怀念的日子. memorial 纪念的, 纪念碑；纪念仪式 memorials of a past age 一个昔日的历史记录 24. social - sociable social 社会的, 社交的social security 社会保险; 社会保险金social service 社会公益服务; 社会福利事业a social gath

27、ering 联谊会 sociable 善社交的 The Smiths are a sociable family. 史密斯一家人很好交际. 25. childish - childlike childish 幼稚的a childish game 儿童游戏 childish arguments 幼稚的论点 childlike 孩子般的, 天真烂漫的childlike trust 26. distinc - distinctive distinct: clear 明显的， 清晰的a man of very distinct character 一个个性很强的人distinct statement

28、确切的声明a distinct opportunity 难得的机会 distinctive: characteristic 独特的， 有区别的 Beer has a very distinctive smell. 啤酒有一种特殊的味道.This bird has several distinctive features. 这个鸟具有几种突出的特征. 27. classic - classical classic 一流的, 典型的modern classic writers 当代第一流的作家a classic ground 文艺胜地a classic case of pneumonia 典型的肺

29、炎病例 classical 古典的 经典的（n. Classics经典 It's the classic among classics. 经典中的经典）classical scientific ideas 传统科学观念classical music 古典音乐 28. comprehensible - comprehensive comprehensible 可理解的You often find a writer's books more comprehensible if you know about his life. an idea comprehensible to th

30、e average mind comprehensive 全面的， 综合的 a comprehensive knowledge 渊博的知识a comprehensive mind 宽大的心胸 29. disinterested - uninterested disinterested 公平的He is impartial and disinterested. 他公正无私. uninterested 冷淡的Settle your own argument - I'm quite uninterested! 你们的争端自己解决这事我完全不感兴趣!an uninterested specta

31、tor 30. earthly - earthy earthly 尘世的, 可能的In this earthly life nothing is perfect. 在我们现世的生活中，没有什么是完美无缺的.There's no earthly reason for me to go. 我根本没有理由走. earthy 泥土似的 earthy elements 土族元素earthy iron ore 泥状铁矿31. effective - efficient - effectual effective 有效的effective resistance 【电】有效电阻take effecti

32、ve measures 采取有效措施The description of the fire is very effective. 对大火的描述极其生动. efficient 有效率的 ; 能胜任的efficient methods 经济而有效的方法an efficient manager 称职的经理 effectual 奏效的 Quinine is an effectual preventive for malaria. 奎宁是有效的疟疾预防药. 32. exceptionable - exceptional （exception 例外） exceptionable 反对的a thorough

33、ly unpleasant highly exceptionable piece of writing exceptional 例外的, 非凡的 a man of exceptional talent 具有特殊才能的人exceptional weather 异常的气候exceptional promotion 破格提升 33. fatal - fateful （fate命运） fatal 致命的a fatal wound 致命伤, 不治之症The loss of all my money was fatal to my plan. 钱都亏损了, 把我的计划也毁灭了. fateful 重大的,

34、决定性的 a fateful battle 决定性的战斗 34. fleshly - fleshy fleshly 肉体的 carnalfleshly pleasures. 物质享受 fleshy 肥胖的 fleshy fruit 肉果 35. homely - homelike homely 家常的 a homely meal 家常便餐quite a homely sort of body 极朴实的人 homelike 像家的 36. impractical/unpractical - impracticable impractical/unpractical 不切合实际的an imprac

35、tical man 不切实际的人an impractical scheme plan 不实际的计划 impracticable 无法使用的 an impracticable road 一条不能通行的路an impracticable person 难控制的人impracticable plan 不能实行的计划 37. ingenious - ingenuous ingenious 有独创性的, 巧妙的an ingenious author 有创造力的作家an ingenious device 精巧的装置 ingenuous 直率的， 天真的 She is too ingenuous in be

36、lieving what others say. 她太天真,轻信别人的话. 38. manly - male - masculine manly 男人气派的The boy walked with a manly stride. 那男孩走路迈着大人的步子.Football is a manly sport. 足球是一项激烈的体育运动. male 男的 a male choir 男声合唱团male chauvinism 大男子主义a male hormone 雄性激素 masculine 男性的 the masculine courage 男子汉的胆量The opera singer has a

37、deep, booming, masculine voice. 这位歌剧演唱家有一副深沉而又浑厚有力的嗓音. 39. movable - mobile movable 可移动的， 变动的movable and immovable property 动产与不动产a movable feast 节期因年而异的节日 mobile 可动的，活动地 mobile features 富有表情的面貌a mobile drama group 巡回剧团mobile crane 移动式吊车起重机 40. mysterious - mystical mysterious 神秘的 mysterious and inf

38、inite truths. 神秘不可解的真理 mystical 奥妙的 mystical intuition 41. notable - noted notable 著名的（指事）notable beauty 引人注目的美人sled dogs that are notable for their stamina. 雪撬狗以它们的忍耐力而著称 noted 著名的（指人） a noted author 著名的作家a celebrated musician 有名的音乐家；an eminent scholar 杰出的学者a famed scientist 闻名的科学家；a famous actor 著

39、名演员an illustrious judge 显赫的法官a notable historian 著名历史学家a preeminent archaeologist 卓越的考古学家 42. practical - practicable practical 实际的 a practical method 实用的方法; 有效的方法practical minds 讲实际的头脑a practical teacher 有经验的教师 practicable 可行的， 通行的 a practicable plan 一个可行的计划 43. regretful - regrettable regretful 遗憾

40、的 (指人） felt regretful over his vanished youthregretful over mistakes she had made regrettable 遗憾的 （指事） Your choice of friends is regrettable. 你对朋友的选择实在不怎么样.regrettable remarks 令人遗憾的评论 44. seasonable - seasonal seasonable 及时的 He gave his foolish nephew some seasonable advice. 他给他那些愚笨的侄子一些及时的劝告.a hard

41、 but seasonable frostseasonable clothes seasonal 季节的a seasonal rise in employment. 就业的季节性上升 45. spiritual - spirituous spiritual 精神的 spiritual life 精神生活spiritual gifts 神的恩赐 spirituous 酒精的 spirituous liquors 烈性酒 46. tortuous - torturous tortuous 弯曲的a tortuous road through the mountains. 山中的一条蜿蜒的道路a tortuous plot 变化多端的情节tortuous legal procedures. 复杂的法律程序 torturous 受刑的 suffer torture from 因.受痛苦 47. transitory - transient transitory 短时间的 （指事）the disorder of his life: the suc