中考英语句型转换解题指导-

1、中考英语句型转换解题指导句型转换这一题型是先给出一个句子,然后再给出一个包含几个空白处的句子,要求根据括号内的具体要求在第二句的空白处填入适当的词来完成。它有完全的句式转换和句子中某一部分或几部分的转换。该题型主要考查同学们的语言基础知识及句子结构的构成、变化、运用等。其特点是规律性强、灵活性小,旨在考查考生用不同的句型结构来表达相同、相近或相反的语意的能力,训练灵活运用语言的技巧。从题型上看,句型转换可分为两大类:一是按要求改写句子。即按照指定要求将原句改写成其他形式的句子,如肯定句改为否定句,陈述句改为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句、感叹句,对划线部分提问等。另一类是同义句、近义句的转

2、换,即要求用不同的句型,不同的语言手段表达相同的思想。按要求改写句子按要求改写句子的具体分类如下:一、肯定句改为否定句1. 改变谓语结构在系动词be, become, feel, smell等,助动词be, have, do 等以及情态动词can, may, should 等后加not。如果句子的谓语中不是以上这些词,而是行为动词,则相应地将动词的原形,第三人称单数或过去式变为否定形式。如:He has seen the film before. He hasn't seen the film before.He will write the book in two months. H

3、e won't write the book in two months.He does his homework in the evening. He doesn't do his homework in the evening.2. 用含否定意义的词(如never, nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few等。(1always/ever never, and or。如:He was always late for school last term. He was never late for school last term.(

4、2toonoteither, alreadynotyet。如:He goes to school by bike, too. He doesn't go to school by bike, either.(3allnone, bothneither, bothand neithernor,此时,谓语动词仍用肯定形式,但当neither作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;"neither nor"连接两个主语时,谓语动词应和靠近它的主语保持一致。如:He knows all of the workers here. He knows none of the workers

5、here.Both of the twins are from England.Neither of the twins is from England.3. 当think, believe, suppose等动词后面跟宾语从句时,通常用否定主句的谓语动词来达到否定从句谓语动词的目的。如:I think they can come tonight. I don't think they can come tonight.二、陈述句改为疑问句1. 一般疑问句。Sam often does his homework in the evening.Does Sam do his homewo

6、rk in the evening?2. 特殊疑问句。I got there the day before yesterday. When did you get there?3. 反意疑问句。Mary doesn't work hard.Mary doesn't work hard, does she?注意:Let's和Let us祈使句的附加问句分别为shall we 和will you。如:Let"s go out for a walk, shall we?三、陈述句改为感叹句The film is very interesting.How intere

7、sting the film is!It"s a beautiful flower. What a beautiful flower it is!一般情况下,what引导的感叹句和how引导的感叹句可相互转换。如:How nice the watch is! What a nice watch it is!四、对划线部分提问就划线部分提问,是用一个合适的疑问词去替代句中的某一成分,使之成为一个特殊问句。其方法主要是:先依据语意选择相应的疑问词和疑问句语序,句末改用问号。这时我们要注意以下几点:(1选择恰当的疑问词。(2对主语或主语的定语提问时,用陈述句语序。对定语提问时,所修饰的名词

8、应放在疑问词后。(3对其它成分提问,用“疑问词+一般疑问句”语序。如:My grandpa has been in Shanxi for ten years.Who has been in Shanxi for ten years?Lily's dog has lost. Whose dog has lost?Emma bought one dictionary yesterday.How many dictionaries did Emma buy yesterday?句型转换设题广,部分试题难度较大,这就要求同学们有扎实的语言基本功和熟练的解题技巧。对于按要求改写句子的试题:首先应

9、注意“要求”的内容;二是要注意选词的准确;三是要注意各种句型的特殊点;四是要注意大小写和拼写的正确。如:1. The maths problem is too difficult for him to work out. (改为复合句The maths problem is _ difficult _ he can't work it out.2. The surfers both won first prize in the city surfing competition. (改为否定句_ _ the surfers won first prize in the city surf

10、ing competition.3. I think the fastest way to travel is by plane. (改为特殊疑问句_ do you think the fastest way to travel _?4. Miss Li showed us a picture of the feathered dinosaur. (改为被动语态We _ _ a picture of the feathered dinosaur by Miss Li.答案与简析:1. tooto(太而不能=so that not (如此以致不,所以,应该填so, that。2. 从转换后的句式

11、中没有明确的否定词not可知不能用助动词加not的形式来完成。再根据both的反义词是neither,主语又是the surfers,因此应填Neither of。3. 本题实际上是对"by plane"提问,改换后的句子只是缺少了"is by plane",因此,该将"by plane"改为"what",后一个空用"is"。4. 由showed确定要用一般过去时的被动语态,故填were shown/showed。1. The mountain is very beautiful.(改为感叹句_

12、 _beautiful mountain it is!2. How is the weather in China?(改为同义句_the weather _in China.3. The boy is the most careless in his class.(改为同义句The boy is _ _than _boy in his class.4. He didn't watch TV,his mother didn't either.(改为同义句 _he _his mother watched TV.5. I spent the whole afternoon learn

13、ing English.(同上I spent _ _ _learning English.6. I spent 100 yuan on the coat.(同上I _100 yuan _the coat.I _100 yuan _the coat.The coat _me 100 yuan.7. He has worked in this school since 2 years ago.(对划线部分提问_ _has he worked in this school.8. He joined the aray 3 months ago.(改为同义句_ _3 months since he jo

14、ined the aray.3 months _ _since he joined the aray.He _ _ _the aray for 3 months.9. The visitors had a good time in Beijing.(同上The visitors _ _in Beijing.10. He will come back in a week.(对划线部分提问_ _will he come back?11. He has never been abroad.(改为反意疑问句He has never been abroad,_ _?12. Don't go al

15、one.(改为反意疑问句Don't go alone,_ _?13. There is little meat in the fridge.(改为反意疑问句 There is little meat in the fridge,_ _?14. Why not ask the man over there?_ _ _ask the man over there?15. How many people are there in India?_ _ _of India?1. John can hardly understand Russian. (反意疑问句John can hardly u

16、nderstand Russian, _ _?2. Tom said to Alice, "Can you help me with the work?"(宾语从句Tom asked Alice _ she _ help him with the work.3. The Red Cross has helped the homeless people in the floods four times since last year.(划线提问_ _ times has the Red Cross helped the homeless people in the flood

17、s since last year?4. Tom didn't watch TV that evening. He listened to music.(句意不变Tom listened to music _ _ watching TV that evening.5. "Will you go home tomorrow?" the mother asked her son. (保持句意不变The mother asked her son _ he _go home the next day.6. They will move into the new school

18、 in a month. (对划线部分提问_ _ will they move into the new school?7. Mr. Smith wanted to know where he could get the information. (保持句意不变Mr. Smith wanted to know _ _ get the information.8. You can do it in class. You can also do it at home. (保持句意不变You can do it _ in class _ at home.9.A ten-year-old boy hi

19、t Mr. White's window with a slingshot. (改为一般疑问句_ a ten-year-old boy _ Mr. White's window with a slingshot?10.Cars can run at a speed of 80 kilometres per hour on China's first cross-sea bridge. (对划线部分提问_ _ can cars run on China's first cross-sea bridge?11. Would you like hamburgers a

20、t McDonald's? Mr. Li asked his son.(改为宾语从句He asked his son _ _ would like hamburgers at McDonald's.12. They held the APEC 2005 from Nov. 12-19 in Busan, South Korea. (改为被动语态The APEC 2005 _ _ from Nov. 12-19 in Busan, South Korea.13.Jack hardly knows anything about the car accident. (改为反意疑问句J

21、ack hardly knows anything about the car accident, _ _?14.We enjoyed the dinner. And we also enjoyed the party. (合并为一句We enjoyed _ the dinner _ the party.15."I'll return the DVDs to Mary as soon as possible", said Mike. (保持原句意思Mike said he _ _ back the DVDs to Mary as soon as possible.1

22、6.Don't throw waste paper on the ground, please. (保持原句意思You _ _ to throw waste paper on the ground.17.It's about ten minutes' walk from my home to my school. (对划线部分提问_ _ is it from your home to your school?18.Mary had a wonderful time with her family at Christmas.(一般疑问句_ Mary _ a wonderf

23、ul time with her family at Christmas?19.The university has achieved new progress since six years ago.(划线提问_ _ has the university achieved new progress ?20.I don't know when we shall start the work.(简单句I don't know when _ _the work.21.Tom can't speak French. Jack can't speak French, e

24、ither.(句意不变_ Tom _ Jack can speak French.22.Mike will come if you invite him(句意不变Mike _ come _ you invite him.23. Peter often has bread for his breakfast. (改为否定句Peter _ _ bread for his breakfast.24. I have already received some Christmas cards from my friends. (改为一般疑问句_ you received _ Christmas card

25、s from your friends yet?25. The small boy stopped crying after he saw his mother.(保持原句意思The small boy _ stop crying _ he saw his mother.26. It took me half an hour to go to the People's Square by underground. (对划线部分提问 _ _ did it take you to go to the People's Square by underground?27. We mus

26、t protect our earth well. (改为被动语态Our earth must _ _ by us well.28. Mr. Lee studies Chinese in the university. (改为否定句Mr. Lee _ _ Chinese in the university.29. The children spent fifty per cent of their savings on books. (对划线部分提问_ _ did the children spend on books?30. The doctor saved the sick baby in

27、 the end. (改为被动语态The sick baby _ _ in the end.31. The fish will go bad, so you'd better put it in the fridge. (保持原句意思The fish will go bad _ you _ put it in the fridge.1. They say that Mr.Liu can speak German._ that Mr.Liu can speak German.2. Can you show me the way to the post office?Can you tel

28、l me _ get to the post office?3.People plant many young trees on both sides of the street each year.Many young trees are _ on _ sides of the street each year.4.My parents left home three days ago.They have not come back yet.My parents_ from home for three days.5.They knew something about it only aft

29、er you told them.They knew_ about it _ you told them.6.If you play basketball here, you may break the windows._play basketball here,_you may break the windows.7.This is the most enjoyable journey that I have ever heard of.I have _heard of_ an enjoyable journey before.8. Hot dogs are not so delicious

30、 as sandwiches.Hot dogs are_ delicious _sandwiches.9. Her father bought the car three months ago.Her father _the car for three months.10. It's good for your health to take exercise often._ exercise often can make you _.11. All the books cost me 365 yuan.I _ 365 yuan _ all the books.12.The doctor

31、 put down the telephone, left his home at once and hurried to Jim's home.After the doctor _ the phone call, he left his home at once and went to Jim's home as _.13. At the end of the meeting his bag was lost.He_ his bag when the meeting _.14. I like Backstreet Boys. But he likes F4 better.He

32、 _ F4 _ Backstreet Boys.15. Tom spent two hours in mending the bike.It _ two hours_ the bike.16. He hardly does wrong in his homework.He hardly _ any _ in his homework.17.I will tell you my telephone number after you tell me yours.Please tell me your telephone number,_I_ tell you,_.18. The Indian ol

33、d lady no longer lived there.The Indian old lady _ live there _.19.Jane got to school earlier than any other students.Jane got to school _ all the students.20. My sister prefers reading to going shopping.My sister likes_ than going shopping.单、复数相互转换1. The woman is a nurse.(改为复数句They are all_.2. Ther

34、e are some old cars behind the house.(改为单数句There_ old _ behind the house.3. He has a new book.(改为复数句_new _.4. Are these your English-Chinese dictionaries?(改为单数句_ your English-Chinese _?5.Is there a sheep in your uncle's farm?(改为复数句_ there _ in your uncle's farm?肯定句与疑问句相互转换1. Mr. Hu taught he

35、r maths last year.(改为一般疑问句_ Mr. Hu _ her maths last year?2.The foreign visitor comes from Russia.(用Australia完成选择疑问句 _ the foreign visitor come from Russia _?3. Tom has lunch at school every day. (改为一般疑问句_ Tom _ lunch at school every day?4. That dictionary cost him twenty yuan. (改为一般疑问句_ that diction

36、ary _ him twenty yuan?5. Don't you think her radio is too loud? (作肯定回答_,I _.完成反意疑问句1. You've never been out of China before, _?2. You came here together, _?3. There're more than ten pandas on the hill,_ _?4. Peter could hardly see the words on the blackboard, _?5. Don't look out of t

37、he window, _?6. I don't think you can answer this question,_ _?7. Let's ask our teacher for help, _?8. Everything goes well, _?9. She isn't the best one in the class, _?10. You like listening to soft music, _?肯定句与否定句相互转换1. He has already finished his homework.(改为否定句He _ finished his home

38、work _.2.Both of his parents were pleased with the result.(改为完全否定句 _ pleased with the result.3. Don't let him go boating today!(改为肯定句_ go boating today.4. You'd better take it to your office.(改为否定句You'd better_ it to your office.5.The children weren't playing on the playground.(改为肯定句

39、The children_ on the playground.6. All of us want him to rest.(改为完全否定句_ of us _ him to rest.7. Mary does her homework on Sundays. ( 改为否定句Mary _ her homework on Sundays.8. Meimei has to look after her little brother at weekends. (改为否定句 Meimei_ to look after her little brother at weekends.9. I think y

40、ou are right.(改为否定句I _ think you _ right.10. She isn't going to wash anything on Sunday.(改为肯定句She _ going to wash _ on Sunday.简单句、并列句、复合句相互转换1.The water was so dirty that we couldn't drink it.(改为简单句The water was _ dirty for us _ drink.2.Does the shop close at six every day?Do you know?(两句合并为

41、一句Do you know _ the shop _ at six every day?3.The question isn't easy enough for them to answer.(改为复合句The question is _ that they _ .4. I really don't know which book I should choose.(改为简单句I really don't know_.5. I don't know when we shall meet again. ( 改为简单句I don't know when _ a

42、gain.6.The man is very strong and he can carry the heavy bag. (改为简单句The man is _ to carry the heavy bag.7."Does the girl need any help?" he asked me.(改为复合句He asked me _ the girl _ some help.8.I don't know what to do next.(改为复合句I don't know what _ next.9.George has two cabbages. Mar

43、y has only one.(用比较级改写句子George has _ cabbages _ Mary.10.We won't have any lessons tomorrow because we'll have the sports meeting.(改为简单句We won't have any lessons tomorrow _the sports meeting.陈述句与感叹句相互转换A.改为感叹句1. The film is very interesting._ the film is!2. English is very useful._ useful

44、 subject English is!3. These flowers are so beautiful._ these flowers are!4. The children are singing and dancing happily._ the children are singing and dancing!5. They are running fast._they are running!6. Her sister is a very lovely girl.(1 _ lovely girl her sister is!(2 _ her sister is!B.改为陈述句7.

45、How beautiful these flowers are!_ so beautiful flowers.8. What a nice box it is!The box _.9. How bright your dictionary is!Your dictionary is_.10. How hard the workers are working!The workers are _.陈述句与祈使句相互转换1.If you don't work hard, you won't pass the exam next time.(改为祈使句 _, _ you will fa

46、il the exam next time.2. Don't make any noise.(改为陈述句_ make any noise.3. Will you please read after me? (改为祈使句_.4. Don't look out of the window.(改为反意疑问句Don't look out of the window , _?5. Tom is sitting on the desk.(改为否定祈使句_ on the desk, _.6. Don't let him go boating today? (改为肯定句_ go

47、 boating Today!7. Do it like this, please.(改为否定句_ it like this, please.8. Hurry up, and you'll catch the early bus.(改为陈述句_, you'll catch the early bus.9. Let us go and see what has happened.(完成反意疑问句Let us go and see what has happened,_?10.If you let him try and then he will know all about it

48、.(改为祈使句_ ,_ he'll know all about it.主动语态与被动语态相互转换A.改为被动语态1. We call maths the language of science.Maths _the language of science.2. Where did they plant trees?Where _ trees _?3.The workers built the Green Great Wall across the northern part of the country. The Green Great Wall _ across the north

49、ern part of the country.4. The teacher made the students copy the text.The students _ copy the text.5. They produce silk in Suzhou.Silk _ in Suzhou.6.They built a bridge between the two islands lastyear.A bridge _ between the two islands lastyear.B.改为主动语态7. A birthday party will be had tomorrow.We _

50、a birthday party tomorrow.8.John was seen to cross the street just now by someone.Someone saw John _the street just now.9.Can another way be thought of to keep your wine or water warm?Can _ another way to keep your wine or water warm?10.Too many trees are still being cut down in the USA._are still_

51、down too many trees in the USA.对划线部分提问1. Jim has stayed in the college for five years._ has Jim stayed in the college?2. The twin brothers get on very well._ the twin brothers get on?3. My foreign friends will arrive in half an hour._ will your foreign friends arrive?4. The car near the river is min

52、e._ is yours?5. It's very wet and hot today._ the weather _ today?6. He is looking for a pair of black shoes._ is he _?7.He went to the station to meet the twins last Wednesday. _ did he _to the station to meet the twins?8. Jack has been to Hong Kong only once.How _ has Jack been to Hong Kong?9.

53、 We have a class meeting once a week._ have a class meeting.10. They came to ask for help._ did they come _?练习一答案:1 What a2 What's/like3 more careless/any other4 Neither/nor5 all the afternoon6 paid/for,spent/buying cost7 How long8 It is/has passes/has been in 9 enjoyed themselves 10 How soon11

54、has he12 will you13 isn't there14 Why don't you15 What's the population练习二参考答案:1. can he2. if, could3. How many4. instead of5. whether/if; would6. How soon7. where to8. either; or9. Did hit 10. How fast 11. if / whether he 12. was held13. does, he 14. both, and 15. would, give练习三参考答案:16.aren