动词不定式用法讲解

1、动词不定式的用法讲解一、动词不定式：构成：to+动词原形(to只是不定式符号，没有意义)动词不定式作主语较长时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末。+is/was+形容词+(forsb.)+动词不定式TolearnEnglishwellisuseful.=ItsusefultolearnEnglishwell.学好英语是有用的。Toprotectenvironmentisimportantforus.=Itsimportantforustoprotectenvironment.对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。2. Itis/was+kind/good/nice/clever+ofsb.

2、+动词不定式Itsverykindofyoutohelpme.你帮助我真是太好啦。Itsverycleverofyoutodolikethat.你那样做真的太聪明啦。3. Ittakes(took,willtake)sb.sometimetodosomething.(做某事花费某人时间)isagoodideatodosth.作宾语1. 常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词有：wanttodosth.decidetodosth.hopetodosth.plantodosth.offertodosth.agreetodosth.learntodosthtrytodosthprefertodosthpromi

3、setodosth.needtodosth.expecttodosth.2. 主语+find/think+it+形容词+(forsb.)+todoIfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.我发现每天读英语和容易的。Hefeltithardtosleep.他觉得很难入睡。IthinkitveryinterestingtolearnEnglish.我认为学英语很有趣。Wefounditimpossibletocrosstheriver.我们发现过河是不可能的。3. 特殊疑问词+动词不定式作宾语Canyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?Ididn

4、tknowwhattodonext.动词不定式作宾语补足语：1. asksbtodosth.tellsbtodosth.invitesbtodosthwantsbtodosthwishsbtodosthordersbtodosthadvisesbtodosthallowsbtodosthwaitforsbtodosthThequestionisdifficultTheroomiscomfortabletoanswer.这个问题很难回答tolivein.这个房间住起来很舒服他很容易相处 很高兴再次见到你 她让我去买张票Heiseasytogetalongwith.Imgladtoseeyouag

5、ain.Shetoldmetobuyaticket.2. 要省去to.注意:宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的。宾语和宾补之间有逻辑的主谓关系。Hetoldmetoleaveatonce.Hemadethebabylaugh.跟省to的不定式的动词(感使动词)：一感feel二听listento,hear三使make,let,have四看lookat,watch,see,notice五半帮助help(to) learn English well那些老师帮助学生学好Theteachershelpedthestudents英语。Heoftenhelpshismother(to)tidyuptheroom.他

6、经常帮助他妈妈整理房间。作表语，表示主语的“职业、职责或性质”Herjobistocleanthehall.她的工作就是打扫大厅。Mydreamistobeateacher.我的梦想是当一名教师。作定语动词不定式修饰名词或代词，起形容词的作用，在句中作定语，特点：.要放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。Ihavealotofbookstoread.Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?作状语Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.(表目的)他日夜工作来赚钱。(too.to.,和.adj/advenoughtodosth)(表结果)Sheistooyoungto

7、gotoschool.Sheisn'toldenoughtogotoschool.Theywereverysadtohearthenews.(表原因)听到这个消息他们非常伤心。Thequestionissimpleforhimtoanswer.(表程度)这个问题对他来说太容易回答了。不定式的否定式是在不定式前加notTheytoldusnottoplaybasketballtoolong.Youhadbetternotgotobedlate.动词不定式练习came(give)usatalkyesterday.isalwaysthelast(come).promised(attend)t

8、hemeeting.wasluckyenough(find)aseat.Mingwastooexcited(say)aword.bossmadethem_(work)thewholenight.jobis(look)aftertheanimalsinthezoo.dreamis(fly)tothemoononeday.skindyoume.,helping,tohelp,helping,tohelpshard(of,for)us(learn)Englishwell.tried(notmake)anynoise.need(practise)speakingmoreEnglish.dontknowhow(use)thewashingmachine.youwanttogetsomething(eat)?isnomoreroom(live)in.teacheroftentellsme(listen)carefullyinclass.oftenseeMary(help)othersonherwayhome.teacherasksus(write)downthenewwords.Marydancesbestinourschool