自动控制系统英文原理

1、文档来源为 :从网络收集整理.word 版本可编辑 .欢迎下载支持.Classification of control systems there are three ways: by automatic classification methods in order to participate in the control mode classification, to adjust the law category.One way to control category 1, the open-loop control system if the computeroutput of op

2、en loop control system to exercise control of the production process, butthe control results - the state of the production process does not affect the computercontrol systems, computer controller production and other sectors does notconstitute a closed loop, is called open-loop control system comput

3、er. the productionprocess of the state is no feedback to the computer, but by the operator to monitor thestatus of the production process, decision control program, and tell the computer tocontrol the role of exercising control. 2, closed loop control system computer to theproduction of an object or

4、 process control, the state can directly influence theproduction process computer control system, called the closed-loop control systemcomputer. Control of the computer monitor in the operator, the automatic acceptanceof the production process state test results, calculate and determine the control

5、scheme,the direct command and control units (devices) of action, the role of exercisingcontrol of the production process. In such systems, aircraft control components undercontrol of control information sent to control device operation, the other runningequipment condition as the output, measured by

6、 the detection part, the feedback asinput to the control computer; to make control Computer Control Components production test components form a closed loop. We will call this form of controlcomputer control closed-loop control. Closed loop control system computer, using amathematical model to set t

7、he value of the production process and test results of thebest value of the deviation between the feedback and control the production process torun at their best. 3, line control system as long as the computer controlled productionof the controlled object or process, to exercise direct control, with

8、outhumanintervention are called the control computer on-line control, or on-line control system. 4, offline control system control computer does not directly participate in the control object or the controlled production process. It only managed to complete the process of the controlled object or th

9、e status of testing, and testing of data processing; and then develop control programs, the output control instruction, operator reference control instructions manually controlled operation to control parts of the object or subject control process control. This control form is called off-line comput

10、er control system. 5, real-time control system control computer real-time control system is1文档来源为 :从网络收集整理.word 版本可编辑 .欢迎下载支持.controlled by the control of the object or process, or request when the request processing control, the control function in a timely manner to address and control systems, co

11、mmonly used in the production process is interrupted for the occasion. Such as steel, each one refining furnace steel is a process; and if the process rolling, rolling out each piece of steel considered a process, each process is repeated. Only enter the process only requires a computer control. Onc

12、e control of the computer, it requires a computer from the production process information in the required time to respond to or control. Such systems often use sophisticated interrupt system and interrupt handling procedures to achieve. In summary, an online system is not necessarily a real-time sys

13、tem. But a real-time system must be an online system.Second, in order to participate in the control mode to Category 1, direct digital control system by the control computer to replace conventional analog instruments and direct regulation to control the production process, as the computer as digital

14、 signals, so named after the DDC control. Actually controlled the production process control components, control signals received by the process controller input / output channels of D / (D / A) converter output of the digital control computer volume to be converted into analog; analog input control

15、 machine to go through the process of input / output channels of analog / digital (A / D) converter into a digital number into the computer. DDC control systems often use a small computer or microprocessor, the time-sharing system to achieve multiple points of control. Is in fact a discrete sampling

16、 with the controller, to achieve discrete multi-point control. DDC computer control system that has become the main control computer control system forms. DDC control of the advantage of flexibility, large, focused on high reliability and low cost. Can use several forms of digital computing circuits

17、, or even dozens of loop production process, integral to proportional - - differential (PID) control to maintain the industrial state of the controlled object at a given value, the deviation small and stable. And as long as the change of control algorithms and applications can achieve more complex c

18、ontrol. Such as feedforward control and the best control. Under normal circumstances, DDC-level control often more complex as the implementation of advanced control level. 2, supervisory computer control system supervisory computer control system for a particular production process, according to the

19、 production process of various states, according to the production process of the mathematical model to calculate the best production equipment should be running a given value, and the best value automatically or manually on the DDC2文档来源为 :从网络收集整理.word 版本可编辑 .欢迎下载支持.Executive-level computer or analo

20、g meter to align the regulation or control of the target set. By a DDC or adjust the instrument at various points on the production process (running equipment) to exercise control. SCC system is that it can guarantee the production process is always controlled the situation in the best condition to

21、run, so get the most benefit. SCC results directly affect the merits of the first of its mathematical model, this should always improve the operation process model, and modify the control algorithm, and application control procedures. 3, multi-level control systems in modern manufacturing enterprise

22、s in the production process not only the need to address the problem of online control, and Huan Zhi Li called for a solution of production problems, the daily product line, the number of arrangements for planning and scheduling, and Rose plans develop a long term planning, notice Xiaoshou prospects

23、, there was multi-level control system. DDC class is mainly used for direct control of the production process, for PID, or feedforward control; SCC level is mainly used for optimal control or adaptive control or learning control calculation, and command and control the same DDC class report back to

24、the MIS class. DDC level usually microcomputers, SCC-level general use of small computers or high-end microcomputers. MIS Workshop main function of governance is based on plant-level production of varieties issued, the number of orders and collect up the production process of the state of informatio

25、n, at any time reasonable schedule to achieve optimal control, command and SCC-level supervisory control. Factory management level MIS main function is to accept the company and factory production tasks assigned by the actual situation of optimized computing, Zhi Ding factory production plans and sh

26、ort-term (ten days or weeks or days) arrangements, and then issued to the plant-level production tasks. Corporate governance level MIS main function is to guess the market demand computing to develop strategic long-term development planning, and contract orders, raw material supply situation and the

27、 production conditions, comparison of the optimal production program selection and calculation, work out the entire company business a long time (months or ten days) of the production plan, sales plan, assigned to the task of the factory management level. MIS-level main function is to achieve real-t

28、ime information processing, decision-makers at all levels to provide useful information, make on the production planning scheduling and management programs to plan the coordination and management control in the optimal state. This one can control the size and scope of enterprise size divided into se

29、veral levels. Each level has to be addressed according3文档来源为 :从网络收集整理.word 版本可编辑 .欢迎下载支持.to the size of the amount of information to determine the type of computer used. MIS generally use small computer shop class or high-grade micro-computer, the factory management level of the MIS with a medium-si

30、zed computer, and corporate governance level MIS is to use large-scale computer, or use super computer. 4, distributed control or distributed control system distributed control or distributed control, the control system is divided into a number of independent local control subsystems to complete the

31、 controlled production process control task. Since the emergence of micro-computers and rapid development of distributed control to provide for the realization of the material and technical basis, in recent years, decentralized control can be different almost normal development, and has become an im

32、portant trend in the development of computer control. Since the 70's, appeared focused on distributed control system, called DCS. It is a decentralized local control of the new computer control system.Three, classified according to the law regulating 1, program control if the computer control sy

33、stem the division of a predetermined time function control, such control is called program control. Such as the furnace temperature-time curves Anzhao some control on the process control. Here the procedure is time-varying changes have to determine the corresponding value, rather than the computer r

34、unning. 2, sequence control in the process control based on the generated sequence control, computer, over time, as can be determined according to the corresponding control value and previous results at the moment both to exercise on the production process control system, called the order of the com

35、puter control . 3, proportional - integral - differential analog PID control regulation of conventional PID control instrument can be completed. Micro-computer can also be achieved with PID control. 4, feedforward control is usually the feedback control system, have certain effects on the interferen

36、ce in order to generate feedback over the role of inhibitory control of interference, and thus delay the control of undesirable consequences. In order to overcome the negative lag control, with the computer accepts the interference signal after the, did not produce effects in the Huan insert a feedf

37、orward control Zuoyong, it Ganghao interference point in the interference of the control to completely offset the effect on the variable, it was Ming Wei Yin Er disturbance compensation control. 5, optimal control (optimal control) system control computer, such as to have controlled object is best k

38、nown as the best run of the control system control system. Such as computer control system is limited in the existing conditions, select appropriate control law4文档来源为 :从网络收集整理.word 版本可编辑 .欢迎下载支持.(mathematical model), the controlled object indicators in optimal running condition. Such as the largest

39、output, consumption of the largest, highest quality standards, such as the least scrap rate. Best is determined by a set of mathematical models, sometimes several in a limited range of the best indicators of the pursuit of individual, sometimes the best indicators of comprehensive requirements. 6, t

40、he adaptive control system, optimal control, when the working conditions or qualifications change, we can not get the best control effects. If the situation changes in working conditions, the control system can still be controlled in the best state of the object's control, such control system called the adaptive system. This requires mathematical model reflects the change in the conditions, how to achieve the best state. Control computer to detect changes in terms of the information given by the laws of mathematical models to calculate, to change the control variables, the