外研社高中英语必修五module5_知识点

1、1.advantage1.advantagehave an advantage overhave an advantage over充分利用充分利用have the advantage ofhave the advantage ofeg.In the first half, we had the eg.In the first half, we had the advantage over the opposing team. advantage over the opposing team. have an advantage in sth.have an advantage in sth.

2、take (full) advantage oftake (full) advantage of前半场，我们比对方占优势。前半场，我们比对方占优势。比比占优势占优势有有优点优点在某方面具有优势在某方面具有优势n.n.优势；优点；有利条件优势；优点；有利条件2.guarantee vt. to do sth. that-clauseguarantee保证保证guarantee sb. sth.保证某人得到某物保证某人得到某物be guaranteed to do sth. 保证做某事保证做某事guarantee sb./sth. against/from 保证保证不受不受/ /免遭免遭I gua

3、rantee to study hard.=I guarantee that Ill study hard. 我保证努力学习我保证努力学习保证；担保；保证；担保；n.保证（书）；保证（书）；give sb. a guarantee 给某人承诺给某人承诺/ /保证保证under guarantee 在保修期内在保修期内3.score/dozen区别区别二者都可以表示数量。二者都可以表示数量。scorescore二十，二十，dozendozen十二。十二。(1)(1)两词与两词与a,many,severala,many,several或具体数字连用修饰名词或具体数字连用修饰名词复数时，二者本身不用

4、复数形式，其后的介词有复数时，二者本身不用复数形式，其后的介词有无均可。但习惯上无均可。但习惯上scorescore多与多与ofof连用，而连用，而dozendozen很很少与少与ofof连用。如：连用。如：two score (of) eggs, two score (of) eggs, three dozen eggsthree dozen eggs。(2)scores of=dozens of, “(2)scores of=dozens of, “许多，大量许多，大量”(3)three score of +(3)three score of +可数名词复数可数名词复数, ,表示表示“60

5、60个个”，而，而three score of the + three score of the + 可数名可数名词复数词复数, ,表示表示“中的中的6060个个”。活学活用活学活用She went to the bookstore and bought She went to the bookstore and bought . .A.dozenA.dozen books B.two dozens books B.two dozens books booksC.dozen of books D.dozensC.dozen of books D.dozens of books of books

6、解析解析 dozens ofdozens of表示表示“很多，大量很多，大量”D4.declaredeclare peacedeclare war on/againstdeclare for/againstdeclare oneself宣布和平宣布和平对对宣战宣战公开表示支持公开表示支持/ /反对反对发表意见；表明态度发表意见；表明态度v.v.宣告，宣布；宣称；声明宣告，宣布；宣称；声明Germany declared war on France on August 1,1914.德国在德国在19141914年年8 8月月1 1日向法国宣战。日向法国宣战。All the people decl

7、ared against the war.所有的人都声明反对战争。所有的人都声明反对战争。5.on the increase 正在增长正在增长The economy in China has been on the increase in the past 10 months.在过去的十个月里，中国的经济一直在增长。在过去的十个月里，中国的经济一直在增长。in decline在下降，在减少在下降，在减少6.rise to ones feetWe all rose to our feet when we heard the news.站起身站起身当我们听到这则消息时，我们都站了起来。当我们听到这

8、则消息时，我们都站了起来。leap/jump to ones feet stand on ones feetstruggle to ones feethave/keep ones feet on the groundset foot onon ones feet跳起来跳起来自立；经济上独立自立；经济上独立( (挣扎着挣扎着) )站起来站起来脚踏实地，脚踏实地，注重实际注重实际进入；踏上进入；踏上站着站着7.be up to sb. Its up to you to decide to eat out or at home.由你来决定我们是到外面吃饭还是在家里吃。由你来决定我们是到外面吃饭还是在

9、家里吃。是是的职责的职责/ /责任；由责任；由决定决定 达到达到( (某数量，程度等某数量，程度等) )；至多有；至多有 直到直到 能胜任；适合能胜任；适合 做做/ /干干( (不好的事不好的事) )up to sthup to sth. .Its up to me to help him with his English. 帮助他学英语是我的责任。帮助他学英语是我的责任。8.If you go into a school or university 8.If you go into a school or university anywhere,theanywhere,the chances

10、 are you will see chances are you will see students in Li Ningstudents in Li Ning tracksuits with the tracksuits with the familiar logo. familiar logo. (The) Chances are (that).(The) Chances are (that).意为意为“很可很可能能”，句型中的，句型中的thethe和和thatthat都可省略。表达此都可省略。表达此意时还可用意时还可用There is a chance that.There is a

11、chance that.。(The) Chances are (that) we will win easily.(The) Chances are (that) we will win easily.我们很可能会轻易取胜。我们很可能会轻易取胜。There is a chance that I will see him these daysThere is a chance that I will see him these days. .这几天我有可能见到他。这几天我有可能见到他。The chances are (that).The chances are (that).很可能很可能Ther

12、es no/a chance that.Theres no/a chance that.不不/ /有可能有可能by chanceby chance碰巧碰巧No chance.No chance.不可能。不可能。chance to do sthchance to do sth. .It chanced that.It chanced that.注意：注意： 在句型在句型The chances are that.The chances are that.中，中，chanceschances不可改用单数。不可改用单数。【例例1 1】It was in New Zealand It was in Ne

13、w Zealand Elizabeth Elizabeth first met Mr.Smithfirst met Mr.Smith. (. (全国全国高考高考) ) A.that B.how C.which D.when A.that B.how C.which D.when解析解析 句意为：正是在新西兰伊丽莎白第一次见到史句意为：正是在新西兰伊丽莎白第一次见到史密斯先生。密斯先生。It+beIt+be+ +被强调成分被强调成分+that+that句型为强调句。句型为强调句。 课文原文课文原文But But this sense of failure this sense of failur

14、e made him made him determined to succeed in his new life.determined to succeed in his new life.考题回扣考题回扣Ait wasit wasthatthat【例例2 2】News came from the school office News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. (University. (

15、四川高考四川高考) )A.which B.whatA.which B.whatC.that D.whereC.that D.where解析解析 newsnews后面跟同位语从句，从句中不缺少任何后面跟同位语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，故用成分，故用thatthat引导。句意为引导。句意为: :从学校办公室传来从学校办公室传来消息说王林被北京大学录取了。消息说王林被北京大学录取了。课文原文课文原文.,Li Ning.,Li Ning retired with the feeling retired with the feelinghe had failed.he had failed.Cthat

16、that【例例3 3】Who should be responsible for the Who should be responsible for the accident? accident?The boss,not the workers.TheyThe boss,not the workers.They just just carried out the order carried out the order .(.(福建高考福建高考) )A.as told B.asA.as told B.as are told are toldC.as telling D.asC.as tellin

17、g D.as they told they told解析解析 as told=as they were told,as told=as they were told,此处是此处是asas引引导的方式状语从句的省略。当从句主语与主句主语导的方式状语从句的省略。当从句主语与主句主语一致，且谓语动词含有一致，且谓语动词含有bebe时，将从句的主语和时，将从句的主语和bebe省省略。又因为略。又因为workersworkers与与telltell之间是被动关系，排除之间是被动关系，排除C C、D D。A【例例4 4】By the time he realizes he By the time he r

18、ealizes he into into a trap,itlla trap,itll be too late for him to do be too late for him to do anything about it. (anything about it. (山东高考山东高考) )A.walks A.walks B.walkedB.walkedC.has walkedC.has walkedD.hadD.had walked walked解析解析 由句中由句中realizesrealizes及及itll beitll be可知应用现在可知应用现在的时态，故排除的时态，故排除B B、

19、D D两项，由句意可知空白处强调两项，由句意可知空白处强调已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时。已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时。 课文原文课文原文The marathon The marathon an Olympic event an Olympic event since the modern games started in 1896.since the modern games started in 1896.Chas beenhas been【例例5 5】Did you go to the show last night?Did you go to the show last night?

20、Yeah.EveryYeah.Every boy and girl in the area boy and girl in the area invited. ( invited. (陕西高考陕西高考) )A.were B.haveA.were B.have been beenC.has been D.wasC.has been D.was解析解析 主语是主语是every boy and girl,every boy and girl,表示单数概念表示单数概念, ,故谓语动词用单数故谓语动词用单数, ,且询问昨晚的情况且询问昨晚的情况, ,有明确的过有明确的过去时间去时间, ,所以应选择所以应

21、选择waswas。 课文原文课文原文 young people with money to young people with money to spend spend waswas on the increaseand sport had on the increaseand sport had never been so popular.never been so popular.DThe number ofThe number of1.Their football team 1.Their football team ( (表现表现) very ) very well in the ma

22、tch yesterday.well in the match yesterday.2.Many shopkeepers 2.Many shopkeepers ( (保证保证) ) satisfaction to customers.satisfaction to customers.3.She made several 3.She made several ( (购买购买) in the ) in the dress shop.dress shop.4.People in the city held a great party to 4.People in the city held a g

23、reat party to celebrate their celebrate their ( (胜利胜利).).自主检测自主检测.品句填词品句填词performedperformedguaranteeguaranteepurchasespurchasesvictoryvictory5.Her rich experience gave her an 5.Her rich experience gave her an ( (优势优势) over other applicants for ) over other applicants for the job.the job.6.We should

24、 keep the fine 6.We should keep the fine ( (品质品质) of ) of the working people.the working people.7.She 7.She ( (声明声明) that she didnt want to ) that she didnt want to see him.see him.8.He has been living here since he 8.He has been living here since he ( (退退休休) at the age.) at the age.9.Although the b

25、oxers were 9.Although the boxers were ( (竞争对手竞争对手) ) in the ring,theyin the ring,they were really good friends. were really good friends.10.You said you lived in a West country,could10.You said you lived in a West country,could you tell me a bit more you tell me a bit more ( (具体的具体的)?)?advantageadva

26、ntagequalitiesqualitiesdeclareddeclaredretiredretiredrivalsrivalsspecificspecificrise to ones feet,make a choice,voterise to ones feet,make a choice,vote for, for,reply to,on the increase,inreply to,on the increase,in contact with, contact with,under guarantee,make both ends meet,stayunder guarantee

27、,make both ends meet,stay awake,haveawake,have an advantage an advantage1.The worn-out farmer gathered all his 1.The worn-out farmer gathered all his strength and strength and . .2.Since Tom lost his job,we2.Since Tom lost his job,we can hardly can hardly . .3.Have you 3.Have you him recently? him r

28、ecently?4.Obama won the election because most of the 4.Obama won the election because most of the people people him. him.rose to his feetrose to his feetmakemakeboth ends meetboth ends meetbeen in contact withbeen in contact withvoted forvoted for.短语短语运用运用5.I was finding it hard to 5.I was finding i

29、t hard to . .6.The terrorists 6.The terrorists the governments the governments statement with more violence.statement with more violence.7.Traffic accidents in China are7.Traffic accidents in China are in three years. in three years.8.At last,his8.At last,his uncle uncle to settle to settle in the c

30、ountryside.in the countryside.9.Your computer is still 9.Your computer is still .You .You can get it repaired free.can get it repaired free.10.Mary speaks good English,because10.Mary speaks good English,because she she that her mother is an English that her mother is an English teacher.teacher.repli

31、ed toreplied toon theon theincreaseincreasemade a choicemade a choiceunder guaranteeunder guaranteehashasan advantagean advantagestay awakestay awake1.1.你应该利用你的业余时间学习另外一门外语。你应该利用你的业余时间学习另外一门外语。(make use of)(make use of)2.2.他希望在年底前实现所有的目标。他希望在年底前实现所有的目标。(achieve)(achieve)3.3.作为一名学生，我保证努力学习，不辜负父母的作为一名

32、学生，我保证努力学习，不辜负父母的期望。期望。(guarantee to do)(guarantee to do).翻译句子翻译句子You should make use of your spare time toYou should make use of your spare time tolearn another foreign language.learn another foreign language.He hopes to achieve all his aims by the endHe hopes to achieve all his aims by the endof t

33、he year.of the year.As a student,I guarantee to study hard,notAs a student,I guarantee to study hard,not to make to make the expectation of my parents letthe expectation of my parents letdown.down.4.4.那个国家的犯罪正在增加。那个国家的犯罪正在增加。(on the increase)(on the increase)5.Kindness is a quality that isnt often 5

34、.Kindness is a quality that isnt often rewarded in our schools,sorewarded in our schools,so we must make a we must make a strong effort to acknowledge it at home.strong effort to acknowledge it at home.In that country crimes are on the increase.In that country crimes are on the increase.善良是一种通常在学校里无

35、法受到奖赏的素质，因善良是一种通常在学校里无法受到奖赏的素质，因此我们必须努力在家庭中培养这种素质。此我们必须努力在家庭中培养这种素质。1.Dont lend them the carthey are taking 1.Dont lend them the carthey are taking advantage advantage you. you.A.over B.of C.at D.forA.over B.of C.at D.for解析解析 take advantage oftake advantage of利用，是固定搭配。利用，是固定搭配。.单项填空单项填空B2.The player

36、 is under good treatment and the2.The player is under good treatment and the are that he will recover from his are that he will recover from his injury in time for the next game.injury in time for the next game.A.opportunities B.occasionsA.opportunities B.occasionsC.chances D.conditionsC.chances D.c

37、onditions解析解析 The chances are that.“The chances are that.“可能是可能是”。句意为：这位运动员在接受良好的治疗，很可能他句意为：这位运动员在接受良好的治疗，很可能他能从伤病中恢复赶上参加下届运动会。能从伤病中恢复赶上参加下届运动会。C3.Since 3.Since from the company,she from the company,she has done has done voluntary work for a charity.voluntary work for a charity. A.retiring B.retired

38、 A.retiring B.retired C.stopping D.stopped C.stopping D.stopped解析解析 分析句子知分析句子知sheshe和动词和动词retireretire之间是主谓关之间是主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式系，故用其现在分词形式retiringretiring。A4.Everyones attention was drawn to the 4.Everyones attention was drawn to the eight-year-old girl who eight-year-old girl who was was perfectly at

39、 the piano. perfectly at the piano.A.acting B.behavingA.acting B.behaving C.doing D.performing C.doing D.performing解析解析 perform“perform“表演表演”，根据句意知：小女孩正，根据句意知：小女孩正在表演，故用在表演，故用performingperforming。D5.Two 5.Two died of cold last winter. died of cold last winter.A.scoresA.scores of old people of old pe

40、ople B.score B.score of old people of old people C.scores C.scores of old peoples of old peoples D.score D.score of old peoples of old peoples解析解析 scorescore前有具体数字或前有具体数字或manymany，severalseveral等修等修饰时，本身不加饰时，本身不加“s”s”；peoplepeople为集合名词，不用为集合名词，不用加加“s”s”，所以选，所以选B B。B6.We cannot 6.We cannot the punctu

41、al arrival of the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.trains in foggy weather.A.be sure B.guardA.be sure B.guard C.guarantee D.make C.guarantee D.make sure sure解析解析 guaranteeguarantee保证；保证；be surebe sure后不接句子，可后不接句子，可以接以接ofof和不定式符号和不定式符号toto；guardguard警卫；防卫；警卫；防卫；make make suresure后直接跟句子。根据句

42、意知，后直接跟句子。根据句意知，C C项正确。项正确。C7.Angry residents have 7.Angry residents have war on the war on the owners of the factory.owners of the factory.A.declared B.announcedA.declared B.announced C.broadcast D.advertised C.broadcast D.advertised解析解析 declare war on.“declare war on.“对对宣战宣战”，为习，为习惯搭配。惯搭配。A8.There

43、s very little 8.Theres very little in arguing with in arguing withJack.ItJack.It wont help at all. wont help at all.A.point B.meaning C.use D.viewA.point B.meaning C.use D.view解析解析 There is no/little point in doing sthThere is no/little point in doing sth. .做某事没有意义。做某事没有意义。A9.Who is it up 9.Who is i

44、t up decide whether to go or decide whether to go or not?not?A.to to B.to C.for to D.toA.to to B.to C.for to D.to for for解析解析 本题考查本题考查“Its up to sb.to do sthIts up to sb.to do sth.”.”的疑问式，故选的疑问式，故选B B。B10.Mary looks down today.What10.Mary looks down today.What is up? is up? Well, Well, happened betw

45、een Mary and happened between Mary and me is none of your business. me is none of your business. A.wherever B.whoever A.wherever B.whoever C.whatever D.no C.whatever D.no matter what matter what解析解析 在此句中在此句中whateverwhatever引导主语从句引导主语从句“.happened between Mary and me.”.happened between Mary and me.”并且

46、并且whateverwhatever在主语从句中作主语；在主语从句中作主语；D D项多引导状语从项多引导状语从句；句；A A项不在从句中作主语；项不在从句中作主语；B B项意思不对。项意思不对。C11.Its really a hard job sweeping the11.Its really a hard job sweeping the house.They house.They began to regret began to regret such a such a big house. big house. A.persuading B.ensuring A.persuading B.ensuring C.purchasing D.negotiating C.purchasing D.negotiating解析解析 句意为：打扫房子真是一件很难的事情。他句意为：打扫房子真是一件很难的事情。他们开始后悔买这么大的房子了。们开始后悔买这么大的房子了。C12.Althouth the 12.Althouth the between the two teams between the two teams is close,theis close,the are all f