人教版八年级下册unit3单元知识点

1、Unit3 Could you please clean your room?Section A1. Peter ,could you pleasetake out the trash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒 了吗？ 【解析 11 Could you please do sth 请你(做) 好吗?用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could 不是 can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用 can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答：Sorry , I can ，t【2013 湖北黄冈 3】

2、40.-Could I borrow your camera? but please give it back by Saturday.A. I am sorry B. Of course C. Certainly not D. No, thanks 【2013山东范泽 1 15Sir , could you please put out your cigarette? This is a smoke-free (无烟的) school.A. I'm sorry about this.B. No problemC. Sure, I'd love toD. Never mind【

3、2013 内蒙古呼和浩特】Tom , would you please the box? It ' rssfoterouA. not open B. don ' t open C. not to open D. to not open【解析 2】take out取出 (v+ adv)【注】：跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边()His teeth hurt badly. The dentist.A .take out it B. take out them C. take it out D .take them out 【短语】take out t

4、he trash倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走 take back 收回take place 发生 take off 脱下； 起飞The gift is in the box. You can takeJt out.Could you please把垃圾倒了)？()一Lisa, we need to clean the kitchen. Could you the trash?-Yes, sure.A. take after B. take off C. take place D. take out()your pen and write down wha

5、t I ' m going to say.A. Take away B. Take off C. Take down D. Take out【2013 黑龙江大庆】6. You had better hurry or we ' ll be late for the plane. Theplane will in a few minutes.A. take up B. take downC. take off D. take away2. Can youdo the dishes?那你可以洗盘子吗？ do the dishes 洗碗【结构1】do the + 名词：do the

6、dishes/laundry洗餐具/衣服【结构2】do the + 动词-ingdo the cleaning打扫卫生【结构3】do one ' s名词do one ' s housework/ homework家务/家庭作业【结构 4】do some 创词-ing do some reading/ shopping 读写书/购物His mother 诜碟子)in a restaurant.() He helps his mother after every meal.A. does the dishes B. do the dish C. do the dishes D. d

7、oes the dish3. Could I at least finish watching this show?至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？ 【解析 1】 Could I do a sth? 我可以做吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。一Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?【解析2】at least至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。（反）at most至少，不超过Now all of us exercise at least hour a day and outside school.A. the; a B.a; anC.不填；a D.不

8、填；an【解析 3】finish v 结束；完成finish doing sth 做完某事【2013 四川雅安 4】8. - Can you finish these books before 10 o'clock?Yes, I can.A. to readB. readC. reads D. reading4. I think two hours of TV is enough for you!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。【解析 11 two hours of TV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时、通常被视作整体、谓 语动词用单数形式。How time is flie

9、s! Three years（be） really a short time./ 作形容/ A1足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）*'【解析 2】enough I don ' t have enough money with me.作副词 足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后）The river is deep enough for swimming.【记】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isn ' t kind enough to help others.【注意】enough修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。（）

10、In the old days ,people ' s didn ' t have to eat.A. food enough B. enough food C.enough for（） You are not to take part in the match. Please work hard and try toimprove yourself.A. good enough B. Enough good C. well enough5. Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?你能

11、把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？【解析】take out拿出； 取出 take的用法：| 一 一 Please take some books to the classroom. 厂拿；取Take this medicine three times a day. take ' 乘（车；船等） They usually take the bus to work.It takes me twoh ours ；to 拿omy homework every day.【拓展】take构成的短语：take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息take care of 照顾 ta

12、ke off 脱下；起飞take up 占据 take down 拿下 take one ' s timfeil ； 慢慢来take one ' s temperat®钵温6. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。【解析 1】the minute = as soon as " 就”Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】in front ofin front of 【辨Bin the

13、front of指在物体外部的前面There is a bike in front of the classroom.指在物体内部的前面Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom【记】 The driver satthe car.The policeman stood the car.（）At last the taxi stopped a tall building ,and we all got off.A. in front B. in the front C. in front of D. in the front of8

14、. Do you know the girl is standing the tree?Yes, she is my friend, Zhang Ying.A. that, in the front ofB. whom , underC. who, in front ofD. which, behind【广西柳州】A dog is sitting in front the house.A. on B. of C. to【注意】有the无the区别大：at table吃饭；进餐at the tabel 在桌边广 in hospital 住院in the hospital在医院（不一定看病）【角星

15、析 3】come over过来【拓展】come短语：come across （偶然）发现 come back 回来 come up with 想出come true实现come down 下来 come from=be from 来自，出生于come in/into 进入，进来 come on赶快,力口油come along走吧，过来，快点come and go来来去去come up上来 come out出来，（花）开，（照片）冲洗出来【201涮江丽水】25. The great writer has written many stories for children. It is saidt

16、hat a new one will at the end of this month.A. go outB. come outC. look outD. run out【2013 浙江宁波】24. Scientists are trying their best to ways to treat theterrible disease called H7N9.A. come up with B. look forward to C. talk about D. give up7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the

17、house!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！【解析】 all the time = always 直； 总是()Man ' s understanding of nature is developing. It never stays at the samelevel .A. at the right time B. for the first timeC. from time to time D. all the time【拓展】与time相关的短语：on time 按时in time 及时at the same time同时form time to time 偶尔 the first

18、 time 第一次 at times 有时time and time again 一再； 经常 last time 上次 next time 下次() We all know that the earth moves around the sun.A. on time B. at times C. all the time D. in timeI knew it was impossible for me 修时上班)when I missed the last bus.【山东东营】 Tom didn ' t go to school this mong because he overs

19、lept.A. at once B. on time C. by accident D. at present8. I ' m jasttired asyou are!我和你一样累！【解析】 as.as . 和样twenty.A. as few as【2013 安徽 11 33. ItA. twice asC. twice much【2013 江西 1】26. There are a small number of people involved, possiblyB. as little asC. as many asD. as much as's said that the

20、 power plant is now large as what it was.B. as twiceD. much twice【注】比较级倍数表达句型为：倍数 +as+形容词、副词原级+as+比较对象【2013 福建 2 23. The famous musician, as well as his students,to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A. were invited B. was invitedC. have been invited D. has been invited【解

21、析】考查主调一致和动词时态。题干主语中心词为介词短语as well as之前的musician, 故谓语使用单数【2013 临沂 1121. When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should go to an open area as as possible.A. quickly B. quietlyC. loudlyD. slowly56. Liu Ying is good at singing. She sings the famous singer, CoCo.A. as well as B. as good as

22、C. as better as D. as the best as9. For one week , she did not do any housework andeither did I.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语 某人(主语)也不”neither两者者K不neither nor 既不 也不 ,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim _is a student【2013 潍坊】3. I have two sisters, but of them is a teacher.A. al

23、l B. neither C. both D. none5. The teachers in that school speak either English or French, or even. That's so cool!A. all B. both C. neither D. none6Which magazine do you like better, Crazy Reading or Teen' s space? I like of them. They are useful for English lessons.A. none B. neither C. al

24、l D. both【十堰】D27. Which do you prefer, a CD player or a walkman?. I prefer a portable computer.A. Both B. Either C. None D. NeitherHe speaks English French. Instead, he speaks German.A either; or B not only; but also C both; and D neither; nor表达“也不”则用 “Neither /Nor + be /皿 / V情+主”()The first one was

25、n ' t bad.A. So wasn ' t the secondB. So the second wasC. Neither wasn ' t the second). Neither was the second() -I don ' t like rainy days. Rainy days always make me sad.A. Neither do I B. So do I C. Neither I do D. So I do 【2013 黄石中考 1】I can ' t play the piano ,and.A. neither c

26、an my sister B. my sister can t , to oC. so can ' t my sister D. can my sister, either 【2013 绥化】 I went to the park yesterday. But I didn ' t see you there.A. So do I B. So did I C. Neither did I10. The next day , my mom came home from work tcfind the house clean and tidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净

27、、整洁。【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语【注】find f found ffouncRV找(1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 妗现做某事彳艮 find it dificult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事彳艮困难()She found hard to finish the work by herself.A. that B. it ' sC. it D. this11. She askedin surprise.她吃惊地问道。【解析】in surprise惊奇地；吃惊地surpris

28、e v 便吃惊 fsurprising adj.令人吃惊的 f surprised adj.吃惊的 to one ' s surprise某人吃惊的杲in surprise 吃惊地be surprised at对感至J吃惊使我吃惊的是),he got the first prize in the exam. We are at the news.(surprise)()his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain.A. AtB. ToC. InD. On【2011 昭通】 I was very surprise

29、d when the alien went into a souvenir shop.A. excited B. amazing C. relaxing D. amazed12. "I'm do sorry, Mom. I finish understand thanwedto sharethe housework tohave a clean and comfortable home. " I replied.对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担 家务。”我回答说。【解析 1】need v 需要用于肯定句，是实义动词。(1)人做主语

30、，sb. need to do sth某人需要做某事(2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done Students need(have) a good rest in studying. The watch needs(mend).用于否定句或疑问旬，是情态动词(1)needn ' t = don ' t havefto、要(2)need ,must弓I导的一般:疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn' tMust I go there now?Yes, you must/No, you needn '

31、 t( )You to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important todo.A. needn ' t to come B. don 'ne ed comeC. don ' t need coming D. needn ' t come【2013无锡中考 4】 Don' t throw away the waste paper, It needs _ so that it can be reused.A. to destroy B. destroying C. to collect

32、 D. collecting【2012 齐齐哈尔 2 Lisa is a little poor at Chinse . I think she needs it everyday.A. practice to speak B. to practice speaking C. practice speaking【角星析 2】share分享；共用share sth分享或共用某物share sth with sb.与某人分享某物()All his friends his happiness when he won the match.A. Shared B. Shared from C. Shar

33、ed with13 .Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？【角犁析】 hang out闲逛. hang up 巴悬挂/挂起14 . Could you pleasepass me the sa?你能把盐递给我吗？【角单析】 pass v 给； 递； 走过； 通过pass sb.sth把某物递给某人Pass on传递Please pass the paper on to the other students. v 通过；路过 I pass your home.(3) v 通过(考试)； 及格 Tom

34、can pass his math exam.【2013广东中考】If Nancy _ the exam , she will go to Australia for English study.A. pass B. passed C. passes D. will pass15. Could I borrow that book班能借下你那本书看吗、 Could you lend me some money 你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow 借入，与from 连用，尤指主语 “【借进来”】borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物Yo

35、u can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend借出，与to搭配 【指借出去】lend sb sth=lend sth to sb把某物借给某人He doesn ' t want lend his book to others.(3)keep保留，保存(延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用)【指借一段时间】【记】 I want to a bike from my friend but he didn' t it to me,because Tom had it for two days.【宁夏中考 1】 You may the bo

36、ok for two weeks.A. keep B. borrow C. lend D. buy【湖北恩施 2】 一May I your dictionary?Sorry. Li Lei it for five days.A. lend; borrowedB. borrow; has keptC. borrow ; has borrowed D. lend; has lent【西宁中考 2】 Although you like the book, you may only it for twoweeks.A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. stay.16. I cut

37、my finger and I tryinnot to get it wet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。【解析】try (not) to do sth努力(不)做某事。try v试图，设法，智力【拓展】 (1)try on试穿(2) try to do sth 智力估攵某事 ”则重尽力估攵】(3) try doing sth 试图估攵某事 侧重尝试估攵(4)try one ' s best to do sth= do one，s>best JtodosthM故某事We should 最大努力)to be happy in the future.() We should try

38、 much fruit.A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats【2013 广东中考 2】I didn ' t hear you come in just now.That' s good. We tried any noise, for you were sleeping.A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making17. I hate to do chores.我讨厌做家务。【解析】hate to do sth讨厌做某事，表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to trouble him.hate

39、 doing sth不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。She hates smoking in her room.18. Could I ask you to help mewith some chores then?那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？【解析】ask sb. to do sth要求某人做某事。ask for请求，要某物ask sb. about sth向某人询问关于某事(1)ask sb. for help向某人请求帮助ask sb. (not) to do sth请求某人做某事ask构成的短语：短语含义ask sb. to do sth请某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不让某人做某事ask sb for sth向某人要某物ask for help寻求帮助() If you have difficulty in learning English, you should ask your teacher oryour classmates help.A. for B. of C. in D. on() The young should the old