2011618 四级阅读部分答案点评及解析

1、2011.6.18 四级阅读部分答案点评及解析 复制链接 davy614大家网初中三年级积分435帖子41精华3经验343 点威望1 点金币198· 串个门· 加好友· 打招呼· 发消息电梯直达1楼发表于 2011-6-18 22:29:17|只看该作者|倒序浏览点评：此次四级考试阅读部分继承了2010年12月份的难度，就是两个字“正常”。快速阅读非常简单，题目简单明了，题干与选项都很短，定位明确，选项分明，干扰项迷惑性小，基本道道题送分。三道填空题也都是原文原词，个别空需要意思加信号词双定位，大家不要找到了，也不看意思上能不能对应就开始瞎填，一定要意思

2、对上了，才是真正的答案。填空题也不是特别难。相信大部分同学的正确率应该在8个以上。选词填空有难度，这几年的选词填空真是越来越难了，哎，这次这15个词中竟然只能勉强算有两个名词（function和alert）, 不过竟然最后也没用上，分别被动词组和形容词组给用了，语法复杂的句子比以前增多，大家应该是能答就答，时间不够了，没答或者没答好都无所谓。有一道题和网上有的所给答案不同，就是52空的动词，我选function,结果我看到有答案给的是cling, 个人感觉无论从意思还是语法上都应该是function well, 而不是cling well。Cling是不及物动词，后面是要加to的，不能自己单独

3、使用。其他的没神马问题。传统阅读普遍简单，无论从文章本身还是题目，没有难度，此次网上也没看见有争议的题目。第一篇文章答案有点特殊，5道题竟然只有两种字母组合，史无前例。快速阅读：B.A.B.C.C.D.B local marketsin a British wayshare their meals选词填空：N.L.H.B.AJ.F.O.E.G传统阅读：D.D.A.D.AB.A.B.D.D说明：1.题干中的蓝色字为此道题目定位的信号词2.文章中的蓝色字为题干中信号词对应的定位点3.文章中下划线句子为题目答案所在句。4.选项中红色字为该选项的错误所在。5.具体6大类常见干扰项在题目中简称体现如下：

4、无中生有无推断过度推移花接木移答非所问答片面肤浅片自相矛盾自请同学们在阅读时有所参照。PASSAGE ONESeveral recent studies have found that being randomly (随机地) assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood (可能性)of conflict.Recent reports found that lodging with a student of a different r

5、ace may decrease prejudice and compel students to engage in more ethnically diverse friendships.An Ohio State University study also found that black students living with a white roommate saw higher academic success throughout their college careers. Researchers believe this may be caused by social pr

6、essure.In a New York Times article, Sam Boakye-the only black student on his freshman year floor - said that “if youre surrounded by whites, you have something to prove.”Researchers also observed problems resulting from pairing interracial students in residences.According to two recent studies, rand

7、omly assigned roommates of different race are more likely to experience conflicts so strained that one roommate will move out.An Indiana University study found that interracial roommates were three times as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together by the end of the semester.Grace Kao

8、, a professor at Penn said she was not surprised by the findings. “This may be the first time that some of these students have interacted, and lived, with someone of a different race.” she said.At Penn, students are not asked to indicate race when applying for housing.“One of the great things about

9、freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly,” said Undergraduate Assembly chairman Alec Webley.” This is the definition of integration.”“Ive experienced roommate conflicts between interracial students that have both broken down stereotypes and reinforced

10、stereotypes,” said one Penn resident advisor(RA).The RA of two years added that while some conflicts” provided more multicultural acceptance and melding(融合),” there were also “jarring cultural confrontations.”The RA said that these conflicts have also occurred among roommates of the same race.Kao sa

11、id she cautions against forming any generalizations based on any one of the studies, noting that more background characteristics of the students need to be studied and explained.57. What can we learn from some recent studies?A) Conflicts between students of different races are unavoidable. 推B) Stude

12、nts of different races are prejudiced against each other. 无C) Interracial lodging does more harm than good. 无D) Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes.答案：D。可能会有同学错选A。不过A里面的unavoidable（不可避免的）是推断过度，原文只是说会有很多的矛盾，但并不像A说的那么绝对，是不可避免的。B里面的彼此有偏见是无中生有的信息，比较明显，第一段并未说。C里面说跨种族的住宿弊大于利，无中生有，原文第一段结尾只是说有利有弊，

13、但没有比较，所以C也犯了我讲过的比较级原则。D是对第一段最后划线句子的统一表达，有利有弊，就是D里面说的“有各种各样的结果”，因为可能好，也可能不好。总结：此题难度2颗星，A算个迷惑项吧。58. What does Sam Boakyes remark mean?A) White students tend to look down upon their black peers. 无B) Black students can compete with their white peers academically. 无C) Black students feel somewhat embarra

14、ssed among white peers during the freshman year. 无D) Being surrounded by white peers motivates a black student to work harder to succeed.答案：D。这是一道句子推断题。不过和以前的句子推断题不同的是它没有直接写出他所说的话，但这也不难，因为用他的名字定位还是很容易的。这话的原句是“当你身边都是白人的时候，你需要证明一些事情”。这是第一种正常句子，体会言外之意情况。文章读到这里，大家一般都能看出来这句话的言外之意是D，身处白人中的黑人被激励去更努力的工作去证明自

15、己并不差，给自己的种族争脸，这点从前一段我划线的句子也能看出。A说的白人学生歧视黑人学生为无中生有，原文没有提及任何歧视的事儿。B有一定迷惑性，有点像是我划线句子的同义表达，但划线句中的比较级并不是黑人和白人比，而是身处白人中的黑人和普通黑人比，他们学术成绩要更高，大家不要理解错了。C所说的尴尬，无中生有。点评：此题难度2颗星，B选项略有迷惑性。59. What does the Indiana University study show?A) Interracial roommates are more likely to fall out.B) Few white students lik

16、e sharing a room with a black peer. 无C) Roommates of different races just dont get along. 无，推D) Assigning students lodging randomly is not a good policy. 无答案：A。此题定位容易，宾语从句的精确意思不用去考虑，只要大家根据已知单词看出来跨种族的比同种族的更容易不住在一起就行，这个大致意思相信很多人都能看出来，你那答案就是A。可能有很多同学不认识fall out这个词组，没关系，BCD错的比较明显，B说没几个白人学生喜欢和黑人学生同处一室，无中

17、生有。C说的不同种族的室友就是无法相处也是推断过度的，因为原文只是说他们更容易散了，不能说就是无法相处。D设计到政策这事儿，根本的无中生有。点评：此题难度2颗星，A里面的词组可能会对选择造成影响。60. What does Alec Webley consider to be the “definition of integration”?A) Students of different races are required to share a room. 自B) Interracial lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen. 自C)

18、Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception. 自D) The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.答案：D。这道题问“融合的定义”，即使不认识integration这个词，没关系，原文原词重现，去前面找就行。D是原文下划线句子的同义表达。A说“被要求”是自相矛盾的，因为原文说是随机安排的。D也是自相矛盾，原因和A一样。D说的“没有例外”，是和原文的“有个别例外”矛盾。点评：此题难度一颗星，没啥难度基本，可能个别词汇吧，多背单

19、词吧孩子们。61. What does Grace Kao say about interracial lodging?A) It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study.B) Schools should be cautious when making decisions about student lodging. 无C) Students racial background should be considered before lodging is assigned. 无D) Expe

20、rienced resident advisors should be assigned to handle the problems.答案：A。generalization这个词其实很地道，很难的，建议大家可以去查查英英字典，看看例句，你就懂了，不过这个词不认识没关系，照抄原文原词，A是最后一段划线句的同义表达。B说到了学校应该怎么做，无中生有。C说的在分配房间前该考虑学生种族背景，无中生有，最后一段说的背景要进一步研究和调查，和分房子没关，而和generalization有染。D的有经验的住宿顾问为无中生有。点评：此题难度3颗星，划线句子有点难理解。PASSAGE TWOGlobal wa

21、rming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Kofi Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.The report, to be released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies

22、of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition(营养不良)and heat-related health problems.But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and ri

23、sk, who questioned its methods and conclusionsAlong with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double by 2030.Roger Pielker Jr., a political scientist at the Un

24、iversity of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forums report was “a methodological embarrassment ” because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and e

25、conomic development in vulnerable (易受伤害的)regions. Dr. Pielke said that “climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention.” But the report, he said , “ will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed(有瑕疵的).”However, Soren Andrese

26、n, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international

27、climate treaty.In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 9

28、0% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.62. What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?A) Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development. 无B) Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming

29、.C) Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries. 无D) Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters. 无答案：B，它为原文第二段划线句子的同义表达。A把全球温度和经济发展扯上了，两者原文根本没任何关系，无中生有。同样的道理，D把经济发展和人口和自然灾害扯上了。C说的贫穷国家，原文没有。点评：此题难度2颗星。63. What do we learn about the Forums report from the pa

30、ssage?A) It was challenged by some climate and risk experts.B) It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles. 自C) It was warmly received by environmentalists. 自D) It caused a big stir in developing countries. 无答案：A，从第三段和第五段可以看出来，有人质疑它，批评它。BC中的“兴趣”和“受欢迎”都是自相矛盾。D中的big stir不认识也没关系，因为“发展中国家”已经决

31、定它错了，无中生有。点评：此题难度2颗星，定位略难。64. What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forums report?A) Its statistics look embarrassing. 无B) It is invalid in terms of methodology.C) It deserves our closest attention. 移D) Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated. 无答案：C，原文下划线句子同义表达，说方法上有问题。A中的词我讲过，叫统计数据，无中生有。C是移花接木，因为原文说的是气候变化值得我