动词不定式用法小结

1、    动词不定式用法 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是todo；其否定形式是not todo。 下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。 1作主语 可以直接作主语。如： To see is to believe 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks o

2、n other people It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is adj（形容词）to do sth或 It is n（名词）to do sth句型中，it仅作形式主语。 2作宾语 awant，decide ，agree等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。如： We agreed to start early She wants to be a doctor blove，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动

3、词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 cstop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 提示板： 1）stop to do sth：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the

4、students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk 当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别？ d在findfeelitadjto do sth句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep I feel it easy to recite the text

5、点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 3作宾语补足语 atell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，help，get，wish，help等词后面常接不定式作宾补。如： I tell him not to go there by bus Edison's mother taught him to read and write blet，make，have，see，hear，feel，watch， notice后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。如： The

6、 boss makes them work 16 hours a day I heard her sing in the next room 提示板：若变成被动语态，在上述结构中，不定式符号to要加上。如： They are made to work 16 hours a day by the boss She was heard to sing in the next room 4作定语：放在被修饰的名词、代词后面 例句：I have a lot of work to do The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy 点击规律：动词

7、不定式若在句中作定语，常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。 提示板：如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉介词。如： I have a small bedroom to live in Have you got some pens to write with？ 5表语：放在连系动词be后面 例句：His wish is to become a scientist The first important thing is to save the soldiers' lives 当务之急是抢救战士们的生命。 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作表语时，通常对连系动词

8、前面的名词进行诠释说明。 6作状语 a目的状语：放在go，come，use，live，in order等词后面。如： I come to see you He runs fast in order to get there in time b原因状语：放在sorry，glad，surprised， disappointed，excited等词后面。如： I am glad to see you here I am sorry to trouble you c作结果状语。如： Some of the apples are hard to reach The room is large enoug

9、h to hold 1000 people 7与what，who，whose，when，where， how等疑问词连用，作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等。 如： I don't know what to do next（宾语） He taught us how to use the computer（宾语补足语） It's still a question how to get there（主语）    【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）    一. 选择填空：    1. He asked me _

10、here earlier.    A. come         B. to come             C. coming             D. came    2. Please tell him _

11、on the wall.    A. dont draw        B. to not draw        C. not to draw              D. not draw    3. He wanted _ a cup of tea. 

12、   A. to have              B. having        C. have          D. had    4. Id like _ a word with you.    A. had 

13、;           B. having        C. to have              D. have    5. I came here _ my uncle.    A. saw   &#

14、160;       B. to see         C. seeing        D. to be seen    6. The man refused （拒绝）_ back his words.    A. to take        

15、      B. taking         C. took           D. takes    7. I can let you _ one ticket.    A. to have         

16、60;    B. have           C. having        D. had    8. We often heard him _ in his room.    A. to sing           &#

17、160;  B. sings          C. sang          D. sing    9. He was made _ day and night.    A. work         B. working   

18、0;        C. to work             D. worked    10. He stopped _ a look, but saw nothing.    A. having        B. to have   

19、0;          C. have          D. had    11. My father was too angry _ a word.    A. to say        B. not to say      

20、;    C. to saying           D. didnt say    12. My brother was old enough _ to school.    A. went          B. goes       

21、0;   C. going         D. to go    13. It is time _ him _ supper.    A. of, to have         B. for, to have        C. of, having   

22、       D. for, to has    14. Its very kind _ you _ me.    A. of, to help         B. for, to help         C. of, help       &#

23、160;     D. of, helping    15. Its important _ our classroom clean every day.    A. kept           B. to keep              C. to give&#

24、160;             D. keep    16. Before liberation （解放）they had no chance _ to school.    A. went          B. go         

25、     C. to go          D. to be gone    17. He said he had an important meeting _.    A. attend        B. would attend        

26、0;    C. attending           D. to attend    18. Please give me a piece of paper _.    A. to write             B. to write on   &#

27、160;     C. writing              D. to write it    19. I dont know _.    A. what do            B. what will do   &#

28、160;          C. what to do         D. do what    20. Your radio needs _.    A. to be repaired     B. to repair        &

29、#160;   C. repaired             D. to repairing    21. My wish is _ a teacher.    A. becoming          B. to become      

30、0;  C. become             D. became    22. I want _ him a letter now.    A. to write             B. not write      

31、     C. write          D. wrote    23. It took us three days _ the trees.    A. plant          B. planted         &

32、#160;    C. to plant             D. plants    24. Why not _ here _ me?    A. to come, to see      B. come, to see       C. came, seeing 

33、;      D. come, see    25. He wishes me _ my best _ hard at English.    A. to do, to work      B. doing, working      C. to do, working     D. do, work 

34、60;  26. Please tell me _ her. I have something _ her.    A. where to find, telling         B. where to find, to tell    C. where can find, to tell        D. where finding, telling 

35、;   27. How happy they are _ each other again!    A. to see         B. see             C. saw           D. being seen &#

36、160;  28. They decided （决心）_ a letter _ their thanks.    A. to write, expressing（表达）    B. writing, express    C. write, expressed    D. to write, to express    29. The officer ordered （命令）him _ down _ a rest.  

37、;  A. lying, have    B. to lie, to have     C. to lie, having     D. lie, had    30. The headmaster called on （号召）us _ hard for our country.    A. to work        

38、60;    B. worked             C. work         D. to working    二. 根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。    1. He was so angry that he couldnt say anything.  

39、;     He was too angry _ _ anything.    2. I dont know when we will have the meeting.       I dont know when _ _ the meeting.    3. He said he would write a letter.       He said he would have a

40、letter _ _.    4. That you read English in the morning is very important.       It is very important _ you _ _ English in the morning.    5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头）       He was stro

41、ng _ _ _ the stone.    6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday.       His father went to Beijing _ _ his holiday.    7. They got up early so that they could get there in time.       They got up early _ _ _ _ t

42、here in time.    8. His brother decided that he would buy the book.       His brother decided _ _ the book.    9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.       He hopes _ _ the Great Wall.    10.I saw h

43、im go into the room.       He was seen _ _ into the room.    11.We made him work five hours a day.       He was made _ _ five hours a day.    12.Do you want to say anything for yourself?    

44、   Do you have anything _ _ for yourself?    13.We dont know what we shall do next.       We dont know what _ _ next.    14.Im very sorry on hearing the bad news.       Im very sorry _ _ the bad news.    15.He stopped and had a look at me.       He stopped _ _