名词性从句知识结构图解.

1、名词性从句讲解学案制作人：赵慧玲杨秀荣审核：李秀丽使用日期：3 月5日定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses). 名词性从句包括主语,宾语 ,表语 ,同位语从句 . 名词性从句中使用陈述句语序。 从属连词that; whether; if(只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分） 连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, whic h, 等 . 在从句1.分类 连接副词中做主语，宾语，表语，定语等句子成分。when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wh

2、erever 等在从句中做状语成分。引导名词性从句的连接词2. 名词性从句的连接词选用原则：“缺什么就补什么”I know what he is talking about.(从句中缺宾语 ,指物 )Do you know who he is? (从句中缺表语,指人 )Where he will go is unknown.(从句中缺地点状语)I m sure that they will come tomorrow.(从句中什么都不缺I don t knowwhich book I should choose.(从句中缺定语)定义：充当主语功能的句子叫主语从句That she was cho

3、sen made a great stir (轰动 ) in her school.名 主语从句词注意 : it 作形式主语的that- 从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：It + be + 形容词 + that- 从句It is necessary / important that 是.有必要/ 重要的.It + be + -ed分词 + that- 从句It is universally acknowledged that./It is known that众所 周知It + be + 名词 + that- 从句It is common knowledge/ a fact that是常识 /事

4、实It + 不及物动词 + that- 分句It happens that碰巧 . / It occurs to sb.that突然想起 It作形式主语和it 引导强调句的比较强调句 ： It is in the morning that the murder took place.( 去掉该结构后 ,句子成分完整)主语从句 ： It was a pity that you shouldn t go to see the film.（在句子中作主语成分） whatever /whichever/ whoever 引导主语从句的区别 Whatever 是 what 的强调形式表示“无论什么 ”相

5、当于anything that从Whatever / Anything that she does is wrong.whoever是 who 的强调形式，表示无论谁 相当于anyone who.句everWhoever / Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. whichever 无论哪个 ;无论哪些 ,既指人 ,又指物 . 可修饰名词与Whichever book you borrowdoesn t matter to us.Whichever of us fulfills his task will

6、 lend a hand to others.of 连用定义：在复合句中充当宾语功能的句子叫宾语从句We can learn what we didn tknow.We find it necessary that we (should) practice English every day. 某些作表语的形容词，如sure, happy, glad, certain等之后可带宾语从句I am glad that you can come and help me.宾语从句注意：wish/would rather 后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。I wish I had finished my ho

7、mework yesterday.I d ratheryou had been there yesterday 在表示建议 , 命令 ,请求的词后面的宾语从句当中用should + V, should可以省略His pale face suggested that he was ill so I suggested that he should go to see the doctor.He insisted that he was innocent and insisted that he should be set free. 注意 it作形式宾语的结构We all thought it

8、a pity that we had missed the lesson.I took it for granted that they were not coming. that一般不接介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in的宾语；其它介词后面需用it作形式宾语He differs from his roommates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.He knows nothing about Jim except that he is from London.You can depend on it that he will he

9、lp you in time of emergency.表示好恶的动词如like; hate; love;enjoy; dislike; appreciate等后面不能直接跟宾语；I like it when the weather is sunny.I hate it when someone is later for my class.定义：充当表语功能的句子被叫做表语从句。复习系动词的概念和类别！The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.表语从句注意：reason 后面的表语从句只能

10、用that,不能用why 引导 . The reason is that（ because × )The reason why we didnttrust him is that he has often lied.(该句型中why引导一个定语从句)定义：同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容.这些名词主要是表示抽象概念的词如news, promise, idea, truth; possibility; statement; warning; advice 等fact,同位语的引导词有that; whether; why; who; where; how其他连词具有实际

11、意思，同时在同位语中作句子成分。等；其中that和 whether只起引导作用同位语从句The news that China broken the world record in the Olympic Games has cheered all of us.The question why so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is stillunder discussion. ( why引导同位语从句解释说明中心语question 的内容；且why 在从句中作状语注意：

12、只起引导作用时，连接词用that 而不用 which)Where did you get the idea that she could not come. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别：就看 that 在作引导的从句中是否做句子成分The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very important.（ that 引导定语 )The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good.(that 引导同位语从句)名No matter+whwh+e

13、ver 区别在名词性从句当中只能用wh, 在引导让步状语从句两者可以互换.He will believe whatever others say.(划线部分部分为名词性从句，不能互换Whatever others say, he will believe it.(划线部分为状语从句，可以互换)Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold.(不可互换 )词性 原则：能用if 的情况，都能用whether 表“是否” 在表语 , 同位语，主语(置于句首时 )从句时只用whether表“是否”从句Whether / if区别T

14、he question is whether the film is worth seeing.（表语从句）I have no idea whether we should go to the party.（同位语从句）Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn t been decided yet(主.语从句句首 ) It hasntbeen decided yet if we shall attend the meeting.It is doubtful whether / if he will come here.(主语从句，句末时可互换) 形容词；

15、介词； discuss后的宾语从句中只用whether 表“是否”几个难点It depends on whether you can do the work well.(介词宾语 )The students are discussing whether they will go out for a picnic this Sunday.I am not sure whether he will come here or not.(形容词的宾语) whether 与 to do； whether 与 or 或 or not 的搭配The question is whether to stay o

16、r leave.Do you mind whether a man or woman does the job.：主语，表语，同位语从句中that不能省略TheThat they are good at English is known to all.（主语从句）The problem is that we don t have enough money. （表语从句）fact that there are stillmany people sufferingfrom povertyis reallyproblem to the Chinese government.(同位语从句 )a gre

17、at关于that的省略：在宾语从句中that 在以下几种情况中不能省略做介词宾语时that不能省略I know nothing about my neighbor except that he used to work abroad. 由 it 作形式宾语时，that 引导的宾语从句中，that 不可省略We all consideritimportant that every student (should) be treated properly. 句子含多个并列句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that 不可省略Everyone knew what happened andthatshe w

18、as worried. 宾语从句被隔开时，that不能省略I never doubt, under any circumstance,thathe will study hard. 如果名词性从句中又含有从句，此时that不能省略Keep in mind that if you want others to respect you, you must respect others first.(that 不能省略，后面的宾语从句中含有一个条件状语从句)1用适当的词填空 _the college will take in more new students this year is true 今

19、年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。 _ he can finish his task on time is of great importance 他是否能按时完成任务非常重要。It is quite _ that the whole project is doomed to failure 很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。It is our _ that the two sides will work towards peace 我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。_ is announced that the plan has been successfully carried out据宣布计

20、划已经顺利实施。 _ we can t get seems better than what we already have我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。 _ the letter was from is still unknown 这封信是谁寄出的还不清楚。 _ of you gets here first will get the prize 你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。_dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。Let me know _or not you can come请让我知道你是否能来。We are interested in _ you will attend the meeting 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。 She asked me _ handwriting was the best in the class她问我班上谁的书法最好。 I ll just say _comes into my mind我想到什么就说什么。Do you know _ the ancien