反义疑问句的形式

1、反义疑问句的形式：反意疑问句是附加在陈述句之后 , 对所陈述内容 提出质疑或通过反问以强化陈述内容的一种疑问句。 总体原则：如果陈述部分是肯定的 , 附加部分用否定形式；如果陈述 部分是否定的 , 附加部分用肯定形式。附加部分的助动词和代词应与 陈述部分一致。例如：They are students , arent they ?They arent students , are they ?特殊情况小结：1. 在由“祈使句 + 疑问部分”构成的反意疑问句中，疑问部分通常 用 will youPass me the dictionary , will you ? 把词典递给我好吗？Dont do

2、 that again , will you ? 别再做那件事好吗？ 应特别注意带有主语的祈使句。例如： Alice , you feed the bird today , will you ?But I fed it yesterday.2.在含有 let 的祈使句后的反意疑问部分， 如果 let 的宾语 us 包括听 者 （常写成 let 时用 shall we ;不包括听者（常写成 let us）时用 will you。Let 的宾语是 me 时，要根据意思用 will you 或 may I。let 的宾语是第三人称时用 will you。例如：Let s go for a walk

3、, shall we ? 我们去散步好吗？Let us do it by ourselves , will you ? 让我们自己做这件事好吗？Let me have a look at your photo , will you ? （你）让我看看你的照片好吗？Let him speak first , will you ? (你)让他先说好吗？3. 当陈述部分含有 must 时, 要注意 must 的含义。 表示 一定要 ,必须”时，反意疑问句附加部分用 must nt 或 n eed nt。例如：He must work hard at physics , mustnt he ?You

4、must renew the book , neednt you ?表示推测 一定是, 必定是 时, 反意疑问句附加部分有下列情况 :A). 当陈述部分有 must be .时, 反意疑问句附加部分用 be 的现 在时态。He must be very tired , isnt he ?He must be working hard at the office , isnt he ?B). must have + 过去分词 表示对过去的推测a). 单纯表示对过去的推测 , 与现在无关 , 反意疑问句附加部分用过b). 表示对过去的推测且影响到现在或持续现在 , 反意疑问句附加部 分用现在完成式

5、。He must have come yesterday , didnt he ?You must have studied English for years , havent you ?He must have lived here at least ten years , hasnt he ?4.若陈述部分含有表“推测”意义的情态动词“ ca n时，其反意疑问 句的疑问部分要根据情态动词之后的实义动词的人称、 时态而定。 例 如：Jack can t be in the reading room, is he?（can tb 表一般现在时。”He can t have gone home

6、, has he（Can t have gone homfe “现在完 成时” ）She can t have gone to the party last night, did he? （can t have gone to the partylast night 表“对过去情况的猜测” 。 ）5.当陈述部分的主语为 nothing , anything , everything , something 等不定代词时 ，反意疑问部分的主语用it 。例如：Nothing could prevent him from going there , could it ? 什么也阻止不 了他去那里，对

7、吗？6. 当陈述部分的主语为 someone , somebody , no one , none , nobody , anyone ,anybody , everyone ， everybody , 等不定代词时，反意疑问 部分的主语用 they 或he。例如：Somebody took my umbrella away yesterday , didn t they / he ?昨天有人拿走了我的雨伞，是吗？7.若陈述部分的主语是 this, that 时，疑问部分的主语用“it 代替；若 陈述部分的主是these, those 时，则疑问部分的主语用“ they 代替。 例如：This

8、 is an interesting story , isn t it ?Those are your classmates , aren t they ?8 若陈述部分的主语是 one 时，疑问部分的主语常用“ one”代替，偶尔用“ yo代替。例如：One can kntow what will happen in the future , can one? /can you?One should learn more knowledge now , shouldn t one? /shouldn9.若陈述部分的主语是“ the +形容词 ”表一类人时，疑问部分的主语 用 they 代替；

9、若是表某一抽象概念时，疑问部分的主语用“ it ”代替。 例如：The rich are not always very happy , are they ?The young should respect the old , shouldnt they ?The beautiful isnt always good , is it ?10. 当陈述部分是主从复句时，疑问部分中的动词和代词应和主句中 的动词和主语保持一致 ，而不是和从句中的动词和主语保持一致 例如：They know that he is from England , dont they ?11. 当陈述部分带有 that 从

10、句作宾语时 ， 反意疑问部分应与主句的 主语和谓语一致 。陈述部分是 I /we think / suppose/believe/imagine 时 ，反意疑问部分应与 that 从句的主语和谓语一致 . 但要注意否定 转移 。例如：He said his father had been sent to hospital , didn他说他父亲已送he去医院了，是吗 ？I think he II come to help us with our work , won 我想他会来帮助 he ?我们工作，是吗 ？I believe you have met each other before ,h

11、aven t y 我相信你们以前 彼此见过面，对吗 ？I suppose they are waiting for us now , aren 我们 ，是吗 ？ tyo我猜想他们正 y 在等I don t think he is fit for the job , is he ?We think they have finished their homework, havent they ?注意 : 当 think 等这些动词的主语不是第一人称 , 或主语是第一人 称 , 而动词时态不是一般现在时或一般过去时 , 这时 , 反意疑问句 的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致 。Mary think

12、s you will come to the party , doesn tshe ?We had never thought she would play so well in the match , had we ? 我 们从没想到她在比赛中能发挥得这么好，是不是？12.当陈述部分是由“ I m sure that ; I m afraid that ; We are sure that ;We are afraid that ; I feel sure that ; I hope that ; We feel sure that ; It seems that 等句型构成时，因主要意思在

13、从句， 故疑问部分的主语要 与从句的主语保持一致。 例如：I m sure that you know him well , don t you ?I m afraid that he hasn t finished that work , has he ?I hope you don t minsdpmeayking frankly , do you ?It seems that you are an expert , aren t you ?13 若陈述部分含有由连词” but , and , or , fo 等构成的并列句时，贝卩反意疑问句的疑问部分要根据第二个分句的主谓语来决定。例如：

14、We forgot to bring our tickets ,but please let us enter , will youHe failed many times , but he succeeded at last , didnt he ?He is a doctor , but his wife is a teacher , isn t she ?I speak Chinese , but he speaks English , doesnWe must hurry , or we will be late for class , wonShe studies hard , fo

15、r it is the third time that she has been praised , isntit ?14. 若陈述部分是主从复合句，则疑问部分的主语要根据主句的主语 而定。例如：When you ve finished with that book ,don shelf ,willyou?She was cooking when I came home , wasnIt won t matter if I m late for supper , will it ?You know that not everyone canoperate the machine , don t

16、 you ?He said that he had been to New York , didn t he ?15. 当陈述部分有 “ It is/was the first(second, third, etc)time +that 从句” 这一结构时，其反意疑问句的疑问部分要与“ It is/was ”保持一致。 例如：It is high time that you went to school , isnt it ?It was the second time that he had been in love that year , wasnt it ?16. 当陈述部分有 “ It

17、 is said(told , reported , believed 等)+that clause 时， 其反意疑问句的疑问部分要与从句中的主谓语保持一致。例如：It is reported that the police caught the thief yesterday , didnIt is said that she has won theifrst place in this competition , hasn17. 若陈述部分是被动语态形式且带有动词不定式做主语补足语时，t he ?t forget to put it back on thet shet she其疑问部分中动

18、词形式必须根据句意用不同的时态，分述如下 :A. 若有表过去的时间状语或者谓语动词是过去是时态， 疑问部分助动 词 did 构成。例如：He is said to have finished the research work last year , didnB.若谓语是一般现在时或主语补足语含有be 动词时，则疑问部分用be 的适当形式。如：She is said to be running a big company , isnt sheC.若谓语是一般现在时且主语补足语是完成式时,则疑问部分用 have的适当形式。例如：They are said to have read that bo

19、ok , havent they18. 如果陈述部分是 lam，反意疑问部分用 aren/tin tI ?I m late , aren我迟到了，是不是？I m doing well, aren t / ain t 我干得不错，是吗？19. 当陈述部分是感叹句时，其疑问部分要根据感叹句所强调的情况用 he/she/it/they 做主语以便在逻辑上保持一致，反意疑问部分用否定 形式,且用一般现在时的适当形式。例如：What fine weather , isn t it ?What a pretty actress , isn t sheHow hard he works , doesn t

20、he20.若陈述部分为“ I / We wish时，反意疑问句的疑问部分用“ mayI wish to visit the Great Wall , may II wish I could fly to the moon one day , may I ?Tom wishes to go abroad , doesn t he ?21. 当陈述部分含有 you d better , you dhiket 反意疑问部分分别用 hadn t you , wouldn ty 例如：Y ou d better take his advice , had n你最好还是听他的建议,好吗 ？You d li

21、ke to go to the party , wouldn你想去 yo 会？，是吗？22. 当陈述部分含有 have to 时，反意疑问部分的助动词应根据 have的变化，分别用 don t , doesn t , didri 例如：tI have to take this medici ne , don我必须吃这药，是吗？但是：当陈述部分的谓语动词是 have 时，有两种情况。(1) have 作 有”解时，反意疑问句部分可用 have(not)或 do (not)的相应形式 。His brother has a new bike , hasn / doesn thte？(2) have

22、用作实义动词时，反意疑问句部分只可用 do (not)的相 应形式 。You have lunch at school , don t you？23. 当陈述部分是 there be 句型时，反意疑问部分用 be there。例如:There is someth ing wrong with the machi ne , is n机器出I / we?”；但若句子主语是第二、三人称代词时，反意疑问句的疑问部分则根据人称代词选择适当的助动词。例如：病，是吗？There is no time left , is there？没有时间了，是不是？24. 当陈述部分含有 seldom , hardly

23、, scarcely , no , never , rarely , few , little , nobody , no where , n either , n either nor ,too t 等等否定动词时，反意疑问部分的动词用肯定式。例如：He has never been to Beijing , has he ?There is little rain this year , is there ?He is too young to look after himself , is he ?She is seldom late for school , is she ?Neith

24、er of them knew his address , did they ? 他们没人知道他的地址，对吗？He hardly speaks English , does he ? 他几乎不会说英语，是吧？She seldom lends her money to others , dose she ? 她很少把钱借给别 人，是吗？注：在tooto句型中若用形容词glad , pleased , ready , eager等时，不适用这一原则 ，因为此时并非表示“否定“含义，对于这 点要特别注意。例如：He is too eager to join the army , isnt he ?S

25、he is too glad to receive a doctors degree , isnt she25. 当陈述部分的主语是从句、不定式、动名词或词组时，反意疑问 部分的主语通常用 it。例如：What he said at the meeti ng is very importa nt , is n他在会上所说 it ?的很重要，对吗？To master a foreign language isnt e 掌握一门外语不容易,是吗？Swimmi ng in rivers is a good sport , is n在江河里里游泳是一项很好的运动，是吗？Where to hold th

26、e meeting has not been decided , has it ?Learning how to repair motors takes a long time , doesnThat he didn ptass the entrance exam made his parents very angry , didntit ?26. 如果陈述句部分含有 un- , in- , im- , ir- , dis- 等否定前缀构成的派 生词时 ，该陈述句部分仍作肯定处理 ，疑问部分用否定形式 。例 如：You are unfair , aren t you ?It is impossible for him to make such a