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1、小学音标与辨音一、英语国际音标。长元音: /:/ /?:/ /?:/ /i:/ /u:/元音短元音: /?/ /?/?/ /?/ /?/ /e/ /?/双元音: /e?/ /a?/ /?/ /?/ /e?/ /?/ /?/ /a?/清辅音: /p/ / t/k/ /f/ / h/s/ts/? /t?/ /tr/浊辅音: /b/ /d/g/ /v/e/ /z/ /?/ /r/ /dz/ /d?/ /dr/辅音鼻 音: /m/ /n/?/半元音: /j/ /w/边 音: /l/二、 26 个字母发音规律。A a /e?/: name; cake; table;/?/ : apple;cat; ma
2、p;am;/ :/:want; dance;/o/; what;watch;B b /b/:book;big;bag;box ;C c /k/:cat;cake;cup;clock;car;/s/:face;nice;pencil;books;D d /d/:desk;doll ; dog; dad;E e /i:/:he;she;meet; me;/e/:elephant;egg;bed; pen;F f /f/ : fine;friend; fly ;foot; fan;G g /g/:gun; glass; glad;glove;/d?/:age;orange;H h /h/:hat;h
3、e;house;hand;I I /a?/:fine;bike;five ;ice;/?/:is;sit;miss; pig; picture;J j /d?/:jeep; jam;jacket; jar;K k /k/ :kite; cake;black; thank;L l /l/ : leg; left; ruler;flag ;lamp; /l/ : apple; bowl; tell; old;M m /m/ :am;map;my;mouth; milk ;N n /n/: no;know; new;hand ;O o /?/:old;home; nose;coke;/o/: dog
4、;not;clock;box;/?/:son;month;mother;love ;P p /p/: map;jeep; pig; pen; apple;Q q /kw/ : quite; quilt ;quick;R r /r/ :red;radio;brother;racket;S s /s/:sit;miss; this; smile;books;/z/:nose; those;rose;rulers;T t /t/ :it ;sit; not; that;table; little ;U u /ju:/ : use; usually; excuse;/?/: bus;us;sun; d
5、uck;/?/:put;pull ; push;V v /v/ : five ;vase; very;seven;W w /w/ : we;window ;watch;want;X x /ks/ :box; six;fox ;Y y /a?/:my;fly ;why; bye;/j/ yes;yellow ;/?/ happy;baby;very; Z z /z/:zoo; zero;三、常用字母或字母组合发音规律。(一)与元音字母A 相关的单词:1.e? a 在开音节中,发字母音,后面有不发音的e :face;grade;cake;lake;make; take;snake;name;pla
6、ne; date;plate;2.? a 在闭音节中:dad;sad;bag; can; fan; man;and; hand;thank; map;cat;fat; that;hat;family ;3. :ar 组合: car; far;star; card;scarf;market;hard; park;arm; farm;4.e? ai 组合: tail ; rainy; train;wait ;waiter; waitress;15.e? air 组合: air; hair;chair;stairs;6.e? ay 组合: day;today;play; may;May ;say;w
7、ay; stay;7.? ay 组合: Monday;Tuesday; Friday;8.?: al 组合: talk; walk; chalk;9.?:l all 组合: all ;ball;small;tall ;wall ;mall; call;fall ;10. :sas 或 ass组合: ask; class; glass; pass; grass;last;11.? a 在 w 后面: wash;what;watch; want ;12.?: aw 组合: draw;(二)与元音字母E 相关的单词:1.i: e 在开音节中,发字母音:be;he;she; me;we;these;C
8、hinese;2.e e 在闭音节中:bed;red;leg;spell; hen;then;when; pen;ten; dress; let;3.? ere 组合: here;4.e? ere 组合: there;where5.i: ea 组合: sea;tea;peach; teacher; read;please;eat; meat; seat;dream;6.e ea组合: head;bread;feather;weather;7.? ear 组合: ear;dear; hear;near;8.e? ear 组合: bear;pear;9.?: ear 组合: early;year;
9、 learn;10.i: ee 组合: bee;three;tree;see;need;feel; green; sleep; feet;meet;feed;(三)与元音字母I 相关的单词:1.a? i 在开音节中,发字母音:hi;ice;nice;rice; ride;bike; like ;time; fine;nine; write; kite;2.? i 在闭音节中: which;chick;sick; big; pig; milk ;him; swim;in;begin;ship;is;3.?: ir 组合: bird;shirt;skirt; sir;girl ;circle; t
10、hirty ; thirteen;thirsty;4.a? igh 组合: light ;right; flight ; tight;(四)与元音字母O 相关的单词:1.? o 在开音节中,发字母音:go;no; so;phone; those; close; nose;rose;home;rope;hole;2.? o 在闭音节中: clock;dog; on;long;song; shop;stop;hot;not;donkey;3.? o :mother;brother;come; some; monkey;4.?: or 组合: or;for ;short;forty ;horse;s
11、tore;5.? oa 组合: road;boat; coat;goat; soap;6.u: oo 组合: too;zoo;cool;school; room; moon;afternoon;spoon;kangaroo;7.? oo 组合: good;foot;classroom;look; book;cookies;8.a? ou 组合: cloudy;house; mouse;about; mouth;mountain;9.a? ow 组合: cow;how;now;brown;down;flower ;10.? ow 组合: slow;know;(五)与元音字母U 相关的单词:1.j
12、u:u 在开音节中,发字母音:excuse;use;2.? u 在闭音节中: run;sun;cup; but; bus; cut; mum; under;hug;duck;3.?: ur 组合: nurse; turn;hurt; fur;(六) Y 与 I 的发音相似在开音节中读a? :sky;fly ; July;my;try ;why; eye; bye;2(七)辅音字母组合1.tr tr 组合: tree;truck;try; street; straight;traffic lights ;2.dr dr 组合: drink ;dress;drive;driver; draw; d
13、resser; dream;hundred;3.f ph 和 gh 组合: elephant; telephone;laugh;photo;4.t? ch 组合: chicken;chair;China; Chinese;watch;5.k ch 组合: school; Christmas;headache;6.k ck 组合: chicken;duck;black;blackboard;sick;7.w wh 组合: what;where;when;why; which;white;wheel;附:五个元音因素练习。A a()1、 cakeA . take B. cat()2、 nameA
14、. bagB. plane()3、 ChinaA . about B. want()4、 afterA . classB. wash()5、 WhatA . watchB . father()6、 catA . flagB . baby()7、 lateA . gameB. any()8、 haveA . happyB . past()9、 animalA . appleB. past()10、 makeA . planeB . awayE e()1、 meA . theseB. bed()2、 heA . ChineseB. egg()3、 sheA . bestB. we()4、 letA
15、 . eveningB . red()5、 lessonA. deskB. open()6、 messA. meB. letter()7、 henA . letterB . Chinese()8、 vegetableA. henB. apple()9、 engA . penB . me()10、 penA . heB. eggIi()1、 ringA . shineB . miss()2、 mistakeA . bigB . find()3、 milkA . pickB . child() 4、 nineA . lineB . dish() 5、 driveA . liveB . bright
16、() 6、 pigA . finishedB . pilot() 7、 bikeA . timeB . city() 8、 swimA . kiteB . sit() 9、 drinkA . fishB . time() 10、 findA . highB . chickenO o() 1、 noseA. dogB . boat() 2、 thoseA. goB . not() 3、 loseA . stopB. old() 4、 doA . whoB . no( ) 5、 homeA . coldB . box() 6、 whoseA . whoB . close() 7、 alsoA .
17、photoB . tonight() 8、 colaA . mostB. lose() 9、 notA . cookB . clock( ) 10、 sockA . thoseB . shopU u() 1、 duckA . hurryB . cute() 2、 busA . TuesdayB. but() 3、 cupA . lunchB . excuse() 4、 blueA . rulerB . January() 5、 autumnA . popularB . difficult辨音练习(一)一、找出画线部分读音与所给的单词画线部分读音相同的一项。ABC()1. blackcomeci
18、nemachair()2. moonwhoopenwoman3() 3.artwhatgardenapple() 4.usbutyoumusic() 5.milkfivelikein() 6.teachtealearndress() 7.laughuncleaunthouse() 8.doctorpaperworkhorse() 9.cleansleepbehindhelp() 10.dancedayrabbitart() 11.mother thirtykitchenthis() 12.nursesnakenosethose() 13.closewholookphone二、读音相同打 &qu
19、ot; "不同的打 " ×"。() 1. closego()2.chairhair() 3. roombook() 4.girl first() edance() 6.forgetegg() 7.fatherbathroom() 8.woman man() 9. pot stove()10. matchblanket()11. cowshow()12.telescope does() 13. tinsite()14. theirthing()15.lookbook()16.finefridge()17.havewhose()18.greatbread三、
20、找出划线部分与其余三个单词发音不同的选项。ABCD() 1.gardenparentlargelaugh() 2. playvasedaymake() 3. studyjumpsunstudent() 4. elephant ofphonefirst() 5. bookmoonzooroom() 6. withthinmathbathroom() 7. sofatelephoneoversong() 8. eveningmechickensweet() 9.pigorangegrandpatogether()10.childrenthingbehindsit()11. helpchessten
21、tchildren()12. thesebedmeshe()13. nicefivehillbeside()14. tigerringpicture thin()15. clothesoverpotcoat()16.schoolchessteachchildren()17.circlegirlTuesdaynurse()18. oflaughfatfly()19.ussunspoonwatches()20.canclasscirclecat四、找出划线部分与其余三个单词发音不同的选项。()1. A. mapB. familyC. bagD. bed()2. A. eatB. meetC. sk
22、iD. his()3. A. dearB. theirC. whereD. pair()4. A. whenB. hereC. hatD. who()5. A. whose B. thoseC. hisD. this()6. A. ChinaB. Christmas C. school D. kite()7. A. about B. wowC. youngD. ground()8. A. fourB. wallC. hotD. door()9. A. thoseB. thinkC. thanksD. math()10. A. father B. motherC. runD. country()
23、11. A. banana B. warmC. garden D. are()12. A. tooB. bookC. putD. look()13. A. kiteB. sit C. pinkD. eleven()14. A. needB. beeC. breadD. teach()15. A. brother B. girlC. termD. purse()16. A. niceB. yesC. thisD. please()17. A. farmer B. SaturdayC. nurseD. China()18. A. coatB. lotC. rollD. home()19. A. d
24、ollB. soC. know D. road()20. A. got B. blowC. knowD. shoulder()21. A. wayB. theyC. waitD. key()22. A. rulerB. newC. youD. duty()23. A. sheB. sureC. schoolD. fish()24. A. bagsB. pensC. mapsD. yours()25. A. oldB. notC. notebookD. note()26. A. bankB. nameC. placeD. eight()27. A. highB. whyC. siteD. sit
25、()28. A. shouldB. wouldC. lookD. shoulder()29. A. underB. fatC. someD. cousin()30. A. EnglishB. singC. morningD. writing()31. A. watchB. waterC. washD. box()32. A. clockB. closeC. clothesD. bowl4()33. A. otherB. underC. danceD. cousin()34. A. nowB. outC. houseD. know()35. A. writeB. we C. whatD. wow
26、()36. A. wrongB. hobbyC. comeD. got()37. A. change B. fatC. ageD. date()38. A. forgetB. firstC. rulerD. umbrella()39. A. doorB. orderC. daughterD. orange()40. A. thankB. underC. bankD. England()41. A. manB. bagC. jacketD. policeman()42. A. haveB. bedC. breadD. many()43. A. deskB. feverC. nextD. swea
27、ter()44. A. eggB. meetC. theseD. eat()45. A. stopped B. watched C. coatD. cleaned()46. A. aboutB. AmericaC. agoD. ask()47. A. needB. penC. bananaD. think()48. A. thoseB. mouthC. theyD. brother()49. A. thereB. thinkC. bothD. math()50. A. talkB. workC. ball D. or()51. A. worryB. waterC. fourD. fork()5
28、2. A. studyB. monkeyC. eleven D. evening()53. A. sofaB. maskC. largeD. half()54. A. whyB. whose C. whereD. which()55. A. hereB. bearC. thereD. pair()56. A. photoB. fiveC. knifeD. pencil()57. A. dearB. hearC. nearD. pear()58. A. onlyB. officeC. oldD. road()59. A. lessonB. listenC. family D. guitar()6
29、0. A. isB. hisC. yesD. please()61. A. youB. twentyC. yellowD. yes()62. A. niceB. horseC. delicious D. those()63. A. glassB. afterC. auntD. other()64. A. hairB. whereC. thereD. here()65. A. missB. excuseC. kiteD. family()66. A. streetB. sweaterC. keyD. read()67. A. workB. walkC. termD. bird()68. A. a
30、ppleB. bagC. manyD. fan()69. A. clockB. pencilC. uncleD. kite()70. A. notB. noseC. orangeD. hobby()71. A. siteB. milkC. my D. light()72. A. putB. goodC. footD. ruler()73. A. loveB. sockC. comeD. up()74. A. toyB. boyC. toiletD. building()75. A. shirtsB. kitesC. friendsD. coats()76. A. change B. orang
31、eC. juiceD. bag()77. A. seaB. signC. sweaterD. sure()78. A. schoolB. acheC. jacketD. knife()79. A. coffeeB. freeC. feelD. tea()80. A. readyB. reallyC. hear D. here辨音练习(二)一、圈出划线部分的发音不同的选项。1. treestreetgreat16. dry flyhappy2. manyanyscarf17. heredearthere3. masksfathers classrooms18. picturesure4. his
32、letterriddle19. whowhosewhen5. fortyshortsteacher20. waterwashwatchbox6. ballparkwalk talk21. cowcurtaincoincinema7. blocksoftglove22. showsnowyellownow8. sockshotwhose23. wherewhatwhitewrite9. shoeswhose good24. cancarcousinnice10. bookfoodfootball25. shoessweatersjeanssocks11. asksbaskets grass26.
33、 thankwiththatbrother12. armsstarsmarkets27. namegametablefather13. classesglassesbasketballs28. cityicedancedoctor14. goatboatrain29. livefishcinemacoin15. ninetytimecinema30. theyeightrainkey31. sweaterbreadteabreakfast39. thirtyherturkeythirsty32. numbersomephotopuppet40. wheretherewearpear33. to
34、yboygoat coin41. flowertrousersblousehouse34. jacketrabbitpandastamp42. whenwatchbetweenwrite35. planestandelephantorange43. A. thatB. thirtyC. ThursdayD. math36. loveoldcoldhello44. A. fastB. radioC. cakeD. shape37. chesssheredvest45. A. stoveB. openC. goD. gloves38. lunchunclenumberhungry46. A. mo
35、uthB. thankC. threeD. this二、找出与所给单词画线部分读音相同的的一项。()1. blackA. comeB. grandmaC. chair()5. danceA. rabbitB. afternoonC. day()2.moonA. whoB. openC. woman()6. tomorrow A. phoneB. sockC. tomato()3. artA. whatB. gardenC. apple()4. teachA. learnB. teaC. sweater5辨音练习(三)一、判断下列单词划线部分的发音,相同用T 表示,不同用F 表示()1. off
36、icepost()5. readhead()2. libraryright()6. horsedaughter()3. thesesmell()7. cokecake()4. platedance()8. Tonyhop()1. givesit() 5.TVseven()2. redleft() 6. whatwater()3. readbread() 7. room book()4. busyfly() 8. busycut()1. climbbig()5.writewhite()2. schoolfood()6. colortop()3. hathave() 7. shirtsure()4
37、. crycity() 8. petbread()1. knowsnowy() 5.hotcold() 2.schoolcool() 6. hairhear() 3. noisyboil() 7. small fall() 4. easycheap() 8. uglytry二、找出划线部分与其余三个单词发音不同的选项。()1. A. nameB. sameC. gameD. come()32.A. breakfastB. really C. weatherD. heavy()2. A. tableB. paperC. raceD. any()33.A. earB. hearC. pearD.
38、year()3. A. haveB. thanC. planD. many()34.A. nearB. dearC. hearD. bear()4. A. animalB. cameraC. gladD. fast()35.A. knowB. howC. nowD. brown()5. A. planeB. makeC. takeD. away()36.A. window B. downC. slowD. low()6. A. askB. glassC. afternoonD. anything()37.A. blowB. knowC. cowD. window()7. A. bookcase
39、 B. baseball C.dangerD. basketball()38.A. houseB. mouthC. aboutD. cousin()8. A. pastB. fatherC. afterD. happy()39.A. blouseB. youngC. countryD. touch()9. A. betterB. lessonC. heD. best()40.A. mouseB. countrysideC. outingD. shout()10.A. envelopeB. deskC. sheD. bed()41.A. lookB. bookC. schoolD. good()
40、11.A. FrenchB. secondC. feverD. then()42.A. cookB. lookC. footD. cartoon()12.A. heB. sheC. tellD. fever()43.A. classroomB. afternoonC. foodD. moon()13.A. yesterdayB. presentC. be D. pen pal()44.A. orderB. worldC. morningD. more()14.A. sevenB. relativeC. meD. dress()45.A. workB. workerC. doctorD. wor
41、d()15.A. beforeB. behindC. festivalD. because()46.A. fatherB. teacherC. farmerD. her()16.A. likeB. historyC. FridayD. time()47.A. thin B. thisC. there D. mother()17.A. findB. filmC. fiveD. climb()48.A. threeB. theyC. thankD. math()18.A. mineB. liveC. whiteD. Mike()49.A. whatB. whereC. whoD. which()1
42、9.A. milkB. kiteC. finishD. give()50.A. thereB. whereC. pearD. here()20.A. thisB. signC. withD. little()51.A. coldB. oldC. homeD. sorry()22.A. sorryB. noteC. homeD. cold()52.A. playB. gameC. taxiD. name()23.A. hobbyB. pianoC. overD. comb()53.A. townB. toyC. ourD. cow()24.A. openB. lovelyC. motherD.
43、Monday()54.A. thisB. rideC. whiteD. bike()25.A. smokeB. fromC. crossingD. box()55.A. smallB. appleC. walkD. horse()26.A. brotherB. alsoC. soD. old()56.A. hereB. girlC. skirtD. shirt()27.A. jumpB. butC. upD. music()57.A. readB. beeC. pleaseD. sweater()28.A. mustB. museumC. publicD. run()58.A. redB. seeC. sheD. we()29.A. funB. subjectC. JulyD. hungry()59.A. hasB. bananaC. taxiD. bag()30.A. juiceB. beautifulC. car
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