高分子材料常用专业术语中英对照表

1、加工processing 反应性加工reactive processing等离子体加工 plasma processing 加工性processability熔体流动指数 melt flow index 门尼粘度Mooney index塑化plasticizing 增塑作用plasticization内增塑作用internal plasticization 外增塑作用external plasticization 增塑溶胶plastisol 增强reinforcing增容作用compatibilization 相容性compatibility相溶性intermiscibility 生物相容性b

2、iocompatibility血液相容性blood compatibility 组织相容性tissue compatibility 混炼milling, mixing 素炼mastication塑炼plastication 过炼dead milled橡胶配合rubber compounding 共混blend捏和kneading 冷轧cold rolling压延性calenderability 压延calendaring埋置embedding 压片performing模塑molding 模压成型compression molding 压缩成型compression forming 冲压模塑im

3、pact moulding, shock moulding叠模压塑stack moulding 复合成型composite molding注射成型injection molding 注塑压缩成型 injection compression molding 射流注塑jet molding 无流道冷料注塑 runnerless injection molding 共注塑coinjection molding 气辅注塑gas aided injection molding 注塑焊接injection welding 传递成型transfer molding树脂传递成型 resin transfer

4、molding 铸塑cast熔铸 fusion casting 铸塑成型 cast molding 单体浇铸 monomer casting挤出 extrusion共挤出 coextrusion多层挤塑 multi-layer extrusion共挤吹塑 coextrusion blow molding 同轴挤塑 coaxial extrusion吹胀挤塑 blown extrusion 挤出吹塑 extrusion blow molding 挤拉吹塑成型 extrusion draw blow molding 反应性挤塑 reactive extrusion 固相挤出 solid-phase

5、 extrusion发泡 expanding foam后发泡 post expansion物理发泡 physical foam化学发泡 chemical foam吹塑 blow molding多层吹塑 multi-layer blow molding拉伸吹塑成型 stretch blow molding滚塑 rotational moulding反应注射成型 reaction injection molding, RIM真空成型 vacuum forming无压成型 zero ressure molding真空烧结 vacuum sintering真空袋成型 vacuum bag moldin

6、g热成型 thermal forming拉伸热成型 stretch thermoforming袋模塑 bag molding糊塑 paste molding镶铸 imbedding冲压成型 impact molding触压成型 impression molding层压材料 laminate泡沫塑料成型 foam molding包模成型 drape molding充气吹胀 inflation橡胶胶乳 rubber latex胶乳 latex高分子胶体 polymer colloid生橡胶 raw rubber，crude rubber硬质胶 ebonite再生胶 reclaimed rubber

7、充油橡胶 oil-extended rubber母胶 masterbatch交联 crosslinking固化 cure光固化 photo-cure硫化 vulcanization后硫化 post cure，post vulcanization自硫化 bin cure自交联 self crosslinking , self curing过硫 over cure返硫 reversion欠硫 under cure动态硫化 dynamic vulcanization不均匀硫化 heterogeneous vulcanization开始硫化效应 set-up effect自动硫化 self-curin

8、g, self-vulcanizing焦烧 scorching无压硫化 non-pressure cure模压硫化 moulding curing常温硫化 auto-vulcanization热硫化 heat curing蒸汽硫化 steam curing微波硫化 micro wave curing辐射硫化 radiation vulcanization辐射交联 radiation crosslinking连续硫化 continuous vulcanization无模硫化 open vulcanization成纤 fiber forming可纺性 spinnability纺丝 spinning

9、干纺 dry spinning湿纺 wet spinning干湿法纺丝 dry wet spinning 干喷湿法纺丝 dry jet wet spinning 溶液纺丝 solution spinning乳液纺丝 emulsion spinning乳液闪蒸纺丝法 emulsion flash spinning process 喷射纺丝 jet spinning 喷纺成形 spray spinning 液晶纺丝 liquid crystal spinning 熔纺 melt spinning共混纺丝 blended spinning 凝胶纺丝 gel spinning反应纺丝 reaction

10、 spinning静电纺丝 electrostatic spinning 高压纺丝 high-pressure spinning复合纺丝 conjugate spinning无纺布 non-woven fabrics单丝 monofilament, monofil复丝 multifilament全取向丝 fully oriented yarn 中空纤维 hollow fiber皮芯纤维 sheath core fiber 共纺 cospinning冷拉伸 cold drawing, cold stretching单轴拉伸 uniaxial drawing，uniaxial elongation

11、双轴拉伸 biaxial drawing多轴拉伸 multiaxial drawing皮心效应 skin and core effect皮层效应 skin effect防缩 non-shrink熟成 ripening垂挂 sag 定型 sizing起球现象 pilling effect捻度 twist旦 denier特 tex纱 yarn股 strand粘合 adhesion反应粘合 reaction bonding压敏粘合 pressure sensitive adhesion底漆 primer浸渍 impregnation浸渍树脂 solvent impregnated resin基体 m

12、atrix聚合物表面活性剂 polymeric surfactant高分子絮凝剂 polymeric flocculant预发颗粒 pre-expanded bead高分子膜 polymeric membraneH-膜 H-filmLB膜 Langmuir Blodgett film (LB film) 半透膜 semipermeable membrane 反渗透膜 Reverse osmosis membrance多孔膜 porous membrane各向异性膜 anisotropic membrane 正离子交换膜 cation exchange membrane 负离子交换膜 anion

13、ic exchange membrane 吸附树脂 polymeric adsorbent添加剂 additive 固化剂 curing agent潜固化剂 latent curing agent硫化剂 vulcanizing agent给硫剂 sulfur donor agent, sulfur donor硫化促进剂 vulcanization accelerator硫化活化剂 vulcanization activator活化促进剂 activating accelerator 活化剂 activator 防焦剂 scorch retarder抗硫化返原剂 anti-reversion a

14、gent塑解剂 peptizer偶联剂 coupling agent硅烷偶联剂 silane coupling agent钛酸酯偶联剂 titanate coupling agent铝酸酯偶联剂 aluminate coupling agent增强剂 reinforcing agent增硬剂 hardening agent惰性填料 inert filler增塑剂 plasticizer辅增塑剂 coplasticizer增粘剂 tackifier增容剂 compatibilizer增塑增容剂 plasticizer extender 分散剂 dispersant agent结构控制剂 cons

15、titution controller色料 colorant荧光增白剂 optical bleaching agent抗降解剂 antidegradant防老剂 anti-aging agent防臭氧剂 antiozonant抗龟裂剂 anticracking agent 抗疲劳剂 anti-fatigue agent抗微生物剂 biocide防蚀剂 anti-corrosion agent光致抗蚀剂 photoresist防霉剂 antiseptic 防腐剂 rot resistor防潮剂 moisture proof agent除臭剂 re-odorant抗氧剂 antioxidant热稳

16、定剂 heat stabilizer抗静电添加剂 antistatic additive 抗静电剂 antistatic agent 紫外线稳定剂 ultraviolet stabilizer紫外光吸收剂 ultraviolet absorber光稳定剂 light stabilizer, photostabilizer光屏蔽剂 light screener发泡剂 foaming agent物理发泡剂 physical foaming agent化学发泡剂 chemical foaming agent脱模剂 releasing agent内脱模剂 internal releasing agen

17、t外脱模剂 external releasing agent阻燃剂 flame retardant 防火剂 fire retardant烧蚀剂 ablator润滑剂 lubricant 湿润剂 wetting agent隔离剂 separant增韧剂 toughening agent抗冲改性剂 impact modifier消泡剂 antifoaming agent减阻剂 drag reducer破乳剂 demulsifier 粘度改进剂 viscosity modifier增稠剂 thickening agent, thickener阻黏剂 abhesive洗脱剂 eluant 附聚剂 ag

18、glomerating agent 后处理剂 after-treating agent催干剂 drier防结皮剂 anti-skinning agent纺织品整理剂 textile finishing agent aggregation聚集体 aggregate凝聚、聚集 coalescence链缠结 chain entanglement凝聚缠结 cohesional entanglement物理缠结 physical entanglement凝聚态 condensed state凝聚过程 condensing process临界聚集浓度 critical aggregation concen

19、tration线团-球粒转换 coil-globule transition受限链 confined chain受限态 confined state物理交联 physical crosslinking交联度 degree of crosslinking 网络 network溶胶-凝胶转化 sol-gel transformation摩尔质量平均 molar mass average数均分子量 number-average molecular weight, number-average molar mass 重均分子量 weight-average molecular weight, weig

20、ht-average molar mass Z均分子量 Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight, Z-molar mass 黏均分子量 viscosity-average molecular weight，viscosity-average molar mass 聚合度 degree of polymerization 分子量分布 molecular weight distribution，MWD多分散性指数 polydispersity index，PID结晶聚合物 crystalline polymer 半结晶聚合物 semi-crystalline po

21、lymer 聚合物形态学 morphology of polymer 成核作用 nucleation 分子成核作用 molecular nucleation 阿夫拉米方程 Avrami equation织构 texture液晶态 liquid crystal state相分离 phase separation微相 microphase界面相 boundary phase相容性 compatibility混容性 miscibility增容作用 compatiibilization最低临界共溶(溶解)温度 lower critical solution temperature, LCST 最高临界

22、共溶(溶解)温度 upper critical solution temperature , UCST橡胶态 rubber state玻璃态 glassy state高弹态 elastomeric state黏流态 viscous flow state伸长 elongation高弹形变 high elastic deformation回缩性，弹性复原 nerviness拉伸比 draw ratio, extension ratio 泊松比 Poisson's ratio 杨氏模量 Young's modulus 本体模量 bulk modulus 剪切模量 shear modu

23、lus 法向应力 normal stress 剪切应力 shear stress剪切应变 shear strain 屈服 yielding 颈缩现象 necking 屈服应力 yield stress 屈服应变 yield strain 脆性断裂 brittle fracture 脆性开裂 brittle cracking脆-韧转变 brittle ductile transition脆化温度 brittleness(brittle) temperature 冲击强度 impact strength 拉伸强度 tensile strength抗撕强度 tearing strength 弯曲强度

24、 flexural strength, bending strength 弯曲模量 bending modulus剪切强度 shear strength 剥离强度 peeling strength 疲劳强度 fatigue strength, fatigue resistance 挠曲 deflection压缩强度 compressive strength洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness 布氏硬度 Brinell hardness 抗刮性 scrath resistance 断裂力学 fracture mechanics 力学破坏 mechanical failure 应力强度因子

25、 stress intensity factor 断裂伸长 elongation at break屈服强度 yield strength断裂韧性 fracture toughness 弹性形变 elastic deformation弹性滞后 elastic hysteresis弹性 elasticity弹性模量 modulus of elasticity弹性回复 elastic recovery不可回复形变 irrecoverable deformation裂缝 crack 银纹 craze 形变；变形 deformation永久变形 deformation set剩余变形 residual

26、deformation剩余伸长 residual stretch回弹，回弹性 resilience延迟形变 retarded deformation延迟弹性 retarded elasticity可逆形变 reversible deformation应力开裂 stress cracking应力-应变曲线 stress strain curve拉伸应变 stretching strain拉伸应力弛豫 tensile stress relaxation热历史 thermal history热收缩 thermoshrinking扭辫分析 torsional braid analysis，TBA应力致

27、白 stress whitening 应变能 strain energy 应变张量 strain tensor 剩余应力 residual stress 应变硬化 strain hardening 应变软化 strain softening 电流变液 electrorheological fluid假塑性 pseudoplastic 拉胀性 auxiticity牛顿流体 Newtonian fluid 非牛顿流体 non-Newtonian fluid 宾汉姆流体 Bingham fluid冷流 cold flow牛顿剪切黏度 Newtonian shear viscosity 剪切黏度 sh

28、ear viscosity 表观剪切黏度 apparent shear viscosity 剪切变稀 shear thinning触变性 thixotropy塑性形变 plastic deformation 塑性流动 plastic flow体积弛豫 volume relaxation拉伸黏度 extensional viscosity 黏弹性 viscoelasticity 线性黏弹性 linear viscoelasticity 非线性黏弹性 non-linear viscoelasticity 蠕变 creep弛豫作用 relaxation 弛豫模量 relaxation modulus 蠕变柔量 creep compliance 热畸变温度 heat distortion temperature弛豫谱 relaxation spectrum 推迟时间谱 retardation time spectrum 弛豫时间 relaxation time 推迟时间 retardation time 动态力学行为 dynamic mechanical behavior 动态黏弹性 dynami