夏菊荣专题九

1、2012级英语高考备考适应性训练（九） 选题教师：车雅梅、夏菊荣、贺妙仙 审核： 12级英语组 时间 ：4、15 考生注意：（1）本试题满分150分，考试时间100分钟； （2）将各题答案按序号答在答题卡上，试卷考生自己保存。第I卷第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAt one time it was the dream for many little girls to become a nurseToday, however, America i

2、s facing its worst nurse shortage since World War I. Recently about 2, 000, 000 nurses are needed and 60 percent of all hospitals in the US have shortages large enough to threaten（= say that you will hurt somebody if they don't do what you want）the quality of care provided. The demand for nurses

3、 spreads widely throughout the nursing field.What has become of these women in white? The answer lies in not one but several causes.One possibility is the fact that woman have greater career options （职业选择）. In the past, women who chose to work outside the home had two basic choices: nursing or teach

4、ing. Today, more women than ever are in the work force, but their options have greatly increased. There are women doctors, lawyers, firefighters and police officers. In fact, women today are found in nearly every field of work. Nursing has been left behind, as women move on to jobs with higher pay a

5、nd greater status（地位）. A woman or man in the nursing field is often looked down upon as “merely a nurse”. Teachers may be also at fault. Many high school students are actually being steered（劝 导）away from nursing, told by teachers that they are “too bright to be a nurse”.Americans are living longer t

6、han ever and requiring more medical attention. In fact, the number of elderly patients has almost doubled in the past twenty years. Obviously a larger population requires more nurses. AIDS and other diseases have caused more and more people to need nursing care. Usually fatal diseases mean long draw

7、n - out hospital stay, that is to say, more nurses are needed to care for these patients. It is estimated that the demand for nurses will be doubled the supply in the coming ten years.21Why is America facing its worst nurse shortage?A. Because the demand of nurses has been doubled.B. Because more an

8、d more women prefer to be teachers and doctors.C. Because women have been provided with many different jobs.D. Because women no longer choose to be nurses.22The passage tells us that high school teachers are at fault for_.A. not mentioning the worst nurse shortage in the USB. introducing jobs with h

9、igher pay and greater status to their studentsC. not asking the government to raise the nurses paymentD. persuading the students not to be nurses23The author wrote this passage in order to_.A. describe the unequal treatment of women in the USB. warn people to pay more attention to the nursing proble

10、mC. tell us womens free choice of jobs todayD. call on women not to be nurses24Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. high school students think themselves too bright to be nursesB. Women in the US have greater career choice than those in other countries.C. Of all the hospitals i

11、n the world 60 percent more nurses are badly needed.D. Nursing used to be a popular job among women.BOne thinks of princes and presidents as some of the most powerful people in the world; however, governments, elected or otherwise, sometimes have had to struggle with the financial powerhouses called

12、 tycoons. The word tycoon is relatively new to the English language. It is Chinese in origin but was given as a title to some Japanese generals. The term was brought to the United States, in the late nineteenth century, where it eventually was used to refer to magnates who acquired immense fortunes

13、from sugar and cattle, coal and oil, rubber and steel, and railroads. Some people called these tycoons “capitals of industry” and praised them for their contributions to U.S. wealth and international reputation. Others criticized them as cruel “robber barons”, who would stop at nothing in pursuit of

14、 personal wealth.The early tycoons built successful businesses, often taking over smaller companies to eliminate competition. A single company that came to control an entire market was called a monopoly. Monopolies made a few families very wealthy, but they also placed a heavy financial burden on co

15、nsumers and the economy at large.As the country expanded and railroads linked the East Coast to the West Coast, local monopolies turned into national corporations called trusts. A trust is a group of companies that join together under the control of a board of trustees. Railroad trusts are an excell

16、ent example. Railroads were privately owned and operated and often monopolized various routes, setting rates as high as they desired. The financial burden this placed on passengers and businesses increased when railroads formed trusts. Farmers, for example, had no choice but to pay, as railroads wer

17、e the only means they could use to get their grain to buyers. Exorbitant (过高的) goods rates put some farmers out of business.There were even accusations that the trusts controlled government itself by buying votes and manipulating elected officials. In 1890 Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust. Act,

18、 legislation aimed at breaking the power of such trusts. The Sherman Antitrust Act focused on two main issues. First of all, it made illegal any effort to interfere with the normal conduct of interstate trade. It also made it illegal to monopolize any part of business that operates across state line

19、s.Over the next 60 years or so, Congress passed other antitrust laws in an effort to encourage competition and restrict the power of larger corporations.25. The Sherman Antitrust Act_.A. affected only the companies doing business within state lines B. sought to eliminate monopolies in favor of compe

20、tition in the market-place C. promoted trade with a large number of nations D. provides a financial advantage to the buyer 26. One might infer from this passage that lower prices _.A. are more likely to exist in a competitive market economyB. usually can be found only in an economy based on monopoli

21、esC. matter only to people who are poor and living below the poverty levelD. are regulated by the government27. It seems likely that many Americans_.A. believed that the trusts had little influence over governmentB. expected the wealthy magnates to share money with the poorC. did little to build up

22、American businessD. were worried that trusts might manipulate the government CAt one time no one could travel on an English road faster than four miles an hour. That was the law until 1896. A man had to walk in front of a car which could not go faster than the man. At night the man had to carry a re

23、d lamp.Once Charles Rolls brought a car from France to England, but he wanted to drive faster than four miles an hour. In order to have no trouble with the police, he had a talk with some of the police officers, who ordered their policemen to look the other way when the car came along the road. This

24、 was a good plan in the country, but not so easy to follow in the busy streets of London.One night Rolls and some friends started from London on their journey to Cambridge. One of the men walked in front with the red lamp, but he walked as fast as he could. The police became very interested in walls

25、 and shop-fronts when they heard the car and not one of them saw it.They reached a hill, but what a waste of time it was to drive down the hill at four miles an hour! Rolls was getting ready to jump into the car, but then he noticed a policeman who was not looking the other way. The slow car reached

26、 him. “Good evening,” said the policeman, looking at the car.“Good evening,” said Rolls, holding the lamp.“One of these horseless things,” said the policeman, looking at it with interest.“Yes,” said Rolls, and waited.“Ive often wanted a ride in one, but of course policemen cant buy things like that.

27、” He turned and looked hopefully in Rollss face. “Jump in,” said Rolls.“Thanks,” said the policeman, and did so. “Now,” he said, sitting down, “You can let it go just as you like down this hill. There isnt another policeman on this road for a mile and a half.”28The policemen were told “to look the o

28、ther way” so that _.A. they could watch the car coming from the other directionB. Rollss car could go faster than four miles an hourC. they could make sure no one was in the wayD. the car would not hit them on the road29In what way did the policemen carry out the order from their officers?A. They gr

29、eeted Rolls when the car came along.B. They walked in front of the car with a red lamp.C. They pretended to be attracted by something else.D. They stood on duty every 1.5 miles along the road.30The policeman who said “Good evening” to Rolls wanted to _.A. teach Rolls a lesson B. take a free ride hom

30、eC. have a talk with Rolls D. have a car ride experience31After the policeman jumped into the car, Rolls _.A. dared not drive the car faster than he was allowed toB. could drive as fast as he wished within a certain distanceC. could drive on any road he liked for the rest of the journeyD. drove his

31、car as fast as he could down the hill to CambridgeDCenturies ago, man discovered that removing moisture(潮湿)from food helps to store it, and that the easiest way to do this is to expose the food to sun and wind. In this way the North American Indians produce pemmican(dried meat ground into powder and

32、 made into cakes), the Scandinavians make stockfish and the Arabs dried dates.All foods include watercabbage and other leaf vegetables contains as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean meat 75% and fish, anything from 80% to 60%, depending on how fatty it is. If this water

33、is removed, the activity of the bacteria(细菌)which cause food to go bad is checked.Fruit is sun-dried in Asia Minor, Greece, Spain and other Mediterranean countries, and also in California, South Africa and Australia. Various methods are used, but in general, the fruit is spread out on trays in dryin

34、g yards in the hot sun.Nowadays most foods are dried mechanically. The method of such dehydration(脱水)is to put food in chambers through which hot air is blown at temperatures of about 110 at entry to about 43 at exit. This is the usual method for drying such things as vegetables, minced(切碎的)meat, an

35、d fish.Dried foods take up less room and weigh less than the same food packed in cans or frozen, and they do not need to be stored in special conditions. For these reasons they are invaluable to the climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storage space. They are also popular with

36、 housewives because it takes so little time to cook them. Usually it is just a case of replacing the dried-out moisture with boiling water.32According to the text, the open-air method of drying food . Ais the one most commonly used todayBwas invented by the American IndiansChas been known for hundre

37、ds of yearsDtends to be unhealthy33Bacteria which cause food to go bad . Acannot live in sunlight Bare killed by dryingCare in no way dependent on the water contained Dhave their activity greatly reduced by drying34Today vegetables are most commonly dried . Aon hot and sunny days Bin hot-air chamber

38、sCin the sun and wind Dusing the open tray method35Housewives like dried foods because they . Aare quick to prepare Btaste better than fresh foodsCcan be packed in a case Dlook fresh when cooked第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。For more than six million American children

39、, coming home after school means coming to an empty house. 36_ Some may hide. But all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called latchkey children. They are children who look after themselves while their parents work. 37_Lynette Long was once the headmaster

40、of an elementary school. She said, “We had a school rule against wearing jewelry. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys attached. I was constantly telling them to put them inside shirts. There were so many keys. It never came to my mind what they meant.” 38_She and her husband began

41、talking to the children who had them. They learned of the impact working couples and single parents were having on their children. 39 _ One in every three latchkey children the Logs talked to reported being scared. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety.The most common way latch

42、key children deal with their fears is by hiding. 40 _The second is TV. Theyll often play it at high volume. Its hard to get statistics(情况)on latchkey children, the Longs learned. Most parents are slow to admit they leave their children alone.A. Slowly, she learned they were house keys.B. But they do

43、nt mind.C. Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone.D. Some deal with the situation by watching TV.E. Some go to their friends or their relatives.F. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.G. It might be in a shower stall, under a bed or in a closet. 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两

44、节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、和）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The passengers on the bus watched sympathetically as the attractive young woman with the white cane made her way carefully up the stepsShe 41 _ the driver and, using her hands to feel the 42 _ of the seats, wal

45、ked down and found the 43 _ which the driver had told her was emptyThen she settled inIt had been a year since Mary, 34, 44 _ a medical misdiagnosis （误诊）, was suddenly thrown into a world of 45 _Mark, her husband, was an Air Force officer and he loved Mary with all his heartHe 46 _ her how to rely o

46、n her other 47 _, specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and 48 _ to adapt herself to the new environmentHe helped her befriend the bus drivers who could 49 _ for her, and save her a seat50 _, Mary decided that she was ready to try the 51 _ on her ownMonday morning, she said good-bye a

47、nd for the first time, they went their 52 _ waysOn Friday morning, Mary took the bus to work as usualAs she was 53 _ the bus, the driver said, “Boy, I 54 _ envy you” Mary had no 55 _what the driver was talking about, and asked, “What do you 56 _?”The driver answered, “You know, every morning for the

48、 57 _ week, a fine-looking gentleman 58 _a military uniform has been standing across the corner 59 _ you as you get off the busHe 60 _ you cross the street safely and he watches until you enter your office buildingYou are one lucky lady” Tears of gratitude poured down Marys cheeks 41AthankedBaskedCd

49、iscoveredDpaid42AlocationBshapeCsizeDcost 43AticketBbusCseatDbag 44Aaccording toBinstead ofCthanks toDdue to45AangerBdarknessChappinessDlight46AaskedBencouragedCtaughtDpraised 47AfeelingsBsightsCsensesDabilities48AhowBwhenCwhereDwho 49Amake outBwatch outCfind outDwork out 50AFinallyBLuckilyCHoweverD

50、Besides 51AvisitBtripCbusDwork 52AoppositeBseparateCdifficultDusual 53Agetting onBgetting inCgetting offDgetting up 来54. AmustBmayCwillDdo55AideaBopinionCwayDthought56AwantBmeanCsayDsuggest 57AnextBoldCpastDfollowing58AbyBonCwithDin59AsearchingBwatchingCcallingDnoticing 60Alooks outBtakes upCbelieve

51、s inDmakes sure第II卷（非选择题，共50分）注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。高三新题Fay: Hi, Jerry. Im thinking of applying 61_a job with a multinational(跨国的) company, but Im worried about having an interview in English. Can you give me any go

52、od tips?Jerry: Hmm. Thats a tough one. I guess the first thing is to try to make 62_good impression.Fay: That sounds good. But 63_(serious), how can I do that?Jerry: To begin with, you should firmly shake the interviewers hand and keep eye contact while 64_(greet) him or her with a smile.Fay: Ah, “b

53、ody language” is really important, isnt it? Jerry: Yes. The second thing is to be confident. You gain 65_(confident) from being prepared. You should learn a little bit about the company before the interview. Find out what they do, how long theyve been in business, 66_their business motto is, that ki

54、nd of thing.Fay: I never 67_(think) about that before. Youre smart, Jerry! But what should I do 68_I cant remember an English word when Im answering a question?Jerry: In 69_case, you have to paraphrase. In other words, you have to explain what you want to say.Fay: Thats very 70_(help), Jerry. Thanks

55、 very much. Ah, one more thing. Should I ask about the salary during the interview? Jerry: No, either let them bring up the topic of money, or wait for a second interview. Good luck!Fay: Thanks!第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。来源:Z|xx|k.Com删除：把多余的词用（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改仅限一次。 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。When I walk