新世纪大学英语综合教程4课后答案整理

1、Answers to Unit 2 Book 4 Key to Ex of U1, 3, 4, 6 of Book 4Unit 1 Man and NatureEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action (pp19-23)Working with Words and Expressions1. 1) disaster 2) compelled 3) historical 4) disciplined 5) destruction 6) output 7) retreat 8) abandoned 9) trace 10) eternal 11)

2、 investment 12) transfer 13) justify 14) nonetheless 15) contributions 16) accelerate 17) threaten2. 1) show signs of 2) called upon 3) off limits 4) in fear of 5) slow down 6) cut down 7) from head to foot 8) come by 9) lost out 10) As yet 11) reside inIncreasing Your Word Power 1. 1) web + log 博客

3、2) breakfast + lunch 早午餐3) medical + care 医疗保险/保障4) motor + hotel 汽车旅馆5) net + citizen 网民6) science + fiction 科幻小说7) work + alcoholic 工作狂2. 1) the scientific study of the human race, especially of its origins, development, customs and beliefs 2) archaeology3) ecology4) the study of rocks, soils, etc

4、. which make up the Earth, and of their changes during the history of the world5) ideology6) the study of the history and theory of music7) psychology8) the scientific study of the nature and development of society and social behavior9) zoology3. 1) individual 2) contradictory 3) destructive 4) rati

5、onal 5) primitive 6) synthetic 7) distant 8) pessimistic 9) irreplaceable 10) enormousGrammar Review (pp23-24)1. 1) She wished us health and success in the new year.2) He asked how we were getting along with our work.3) Jack said to me that I would be happy to know that his condition had improved.4)

6、 Rose asked Jack whether he was sure his mother would like the idea.5) He asked John how long he had been waiting for them.6) She said I neednt have done all that myself.2.1) The strikers protested to the police that they had no right to arrest them.3) He agreed that that was the best solution to th

7、e problem.4) My sister admitted that it was she who had broken the glass.5) He declared that he meant what he said and would never go back on his word (违背诺言). 6) The man insisted that we (should) give an explanation of what had happened.7) Mrs. Jones complained that no one showed concern for the eld

8、erly in that country.8) The sales manager explained that he couldnt give us a definite answer because he had not received instructions from his company.Cloze (pp24-25)1) realm 2) elemental 3) obtain 4) stubbornly 5) transferred 6) transformed 7) subdued 8) expansion 9) irreplaceable 10) extinct 11)

9、dynamic 12) verge 13) moderate 14) ecological 15) rationalTranslation (pp25-27)11) The village is so close to the border that the villagers live in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.2) In only 20 years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.3) This company has evolved in

10、to one of the major chemical manufacturing bases in this region.4) Given the current financial situations, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued.5) The governments call for suggestions about the control of water pollution produced very little response from the citizens.6) The

11、weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods.7) At one time scientists thought that there was nothing smaller than an atom but now most people know that an atom consists of even smaller particles.8) The students were all very much concerned ab

12、out the World Cup, spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.9) The department store lost out because loans were very hard to come by and it could not start business on time.10) We cant go there for a walk because there is navy base there, which is off limits to tourists.

13、2. Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are not only dwellers in nature, but also transformers of it. With the development of society and its economy, people tend to become less dependent on nature directly, but indirectly their dependence grows. Human beings are connected with nature by “

14、blood” ties. No one can live outside nature. However, the previous dynamic balance between man and nature has shown signs of breaking down. Problems such as the population explosion, ecological imbalance and the shortage of natural resources have become major factors keeping human society from being

15、 further developed. Professor Spirkin holds (the view) that the only choice for human beings is the wise organization of production and care for Mother Nature.Unit Two Man and TechnologyWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1. 1) monitor 2) phenomenon 3) isolation 4) gradual 5) opponent6)

16、 advent 7) genetic 8) consciously 9) extreme 10) nasty11) boom 12) formal 13) soar 14) survey 15) Similarly16) modify 17) rough 2. 1) at the same time 2) are stuck with 3) for certain 4) make no difference 5) on average 6) when it comes to 7) depends on 8) built into 9) come to mind 10) at work Incr

17、easing Your Word Power1.Adjectives Nouns Adjectives Nouns 1) technological technology 6) luxurious luxury 2) eternal eternity 7) leisurely leisure 3) miraculous miracle 8) subjective subject 4) relevant relevance 9) prosperous prosperity 5) analytical analysis 10) innovative innovation 2. 2) multi-f

18、aith 3) multiform 4) multifunction 5) multi-ethnic 6) multilateral7) multi-lingual 8) multimedia 9) multimillionaire 10) multinational 1) a multi-faith society 2) a multi-lingual secretary 3) a multimillionaire4) a multinational motor-manufacturing corporation 5) a multifunction video camera6) a mul

19、ti-ethnic community 7) a multimedia dictionary 8) multi-cultural education9) a multilateral trade negotiation 10) multiform technological cooperation 3. 1) j 2) c 3) b 4) i 5) a 6) g 7) d 8) e 9) f 10) h 4.Adjectives Nouns Adjectives Nouns 1) creative creativity 6) minor minority 2) cruel cruelty 7)

20、 original originality 3) equal equality 8) pure purity 4) local locality 9) regular regularity 5) major majority 10) superior superiority 1) superiority 2) equality 3) originality 4) minority5) Creativity 6) purity 7) cruelty Grammar Review1. 1) My mother would not be worried about me if she knew wh

21、at my life was like.2) They would probably allow you to do the job if you were in better health.3) They wouldnt work with such enthusiasm if they didnt know what they were working for.4) I would have to look it up in the dictionary if I didnt know the meaning of the word.5) She would understand what

22、 we say if she knew Chinese.6) I would be quite satisfied if you spoke with greater accuracy.2. 1) If we knew where he was, we would try to get in touch with him.2) If it were not for the expense involved, we would go there by plane.3) If we were to miss the train, we would have to wait another four

23、 hours.4) If we pooled all our resources, we would have enough money to buy the equipment.5) If he didnt have a strong love for the handicapped children, he wouldnt be working so tirelessly for them. Cloze1) emphasize 2) opposite 3) improved 4) luxuries 5) benefited6) obviously 7) consciously 8) fra

24、ctures 9) eternal 10) groundbreaking11) entitled 12) correlation 13) depends 14) exclusively Translation1. 1) He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, he seems to be quite ignorant.2) The latest survey shows / showed that the majority of the citizens support / supported

25、the governments plan to build a new library.3) The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scientific and technological cooperation because several factors favorable to their cooperation had been at work.4) I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title just wont come to

26、mind for the moment.5) He has been stuck with heavy debt though he works about twelve hours every day on average.6) Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is not relevant to whether he can be a good lawyer or not.7) The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and is conven

27、ient to use.8) These workers earn more than we do, but the other side of the coin is their job is more dangerous.9) Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time she studies philosophy as her second major.10) What is most important is that you must find out and solve the problems

28、by yourselves. It makes no difference whether I go there or not.2.Nowadays, many people are enjoying the benefits brought about by material and technological advances unimaginable in previous eras. With the development of science and technology, peoples standard of living is getting higher and highe

29、r. Peoples life expectancy has soared, too.However, oddly enough, many people do not feel happier than they used to be. It can be seen that there is no close correlation between peoples income and their happiness. Happiness cannot, after all, be bought with money.Although the majority of people are

30、not very satisfied with their lives, they are happy to be alive, and the more time they get on earth, the better off they feel theyll be. What is important is that material wealth is far from enough. People need spiritual happiness, too. Theme-related WritingSample Essay:The Impact of the Mobile Pho

31、ne on Peoples livesAmong the many technological inventions, the mobile phone impresses me most.The mobile phone brings considerable convenience to our lives. It not only enables us to keep in touch with each other almost anytime and anywhere but also helps us solve problems or do business efficientl

32、y. In emergencies, a mobile phone can even be a life-saver. Besides, its multi-functions add ease and color to our lives. With a mobile phone, we can receive mail, read news, listen to music, play games, and take pictures.Yet, the mobile phone has its disadvantages, too. Most of us have experienced

33、the nuisance of unwanted or wrong calls. We are inconvenienced by calls on occasions when we least expect one. Besides, the technology infrastructure to support mobile communication has consumed valuable natural resources and caused significant environmental problems. It is reported that electromagn

34、etic radiation waves from the phone may result in health problems.Despite its negative side, the advantages of the mobile phone outweigh its disadvantages. I believe that with advances in science and technology, improved and safer models of mobile phones will surely serve us still better.(184 words)

35、 key to unit 3 book 4WORDS IN ACTION Working With Words and Expressions1. 1) quest 2) remained 3) consume 4) likewise 5) vessel 6) qualify 7) stiff 8) collapsed 9) predict 10) inevitably 11) absorbed 12) sheer 13) refining 14) paralyzed 15) exchange 2. 1) In a way 2) act on 3) to such an extent that

36、4) opens up 5) close off 6) look into Increasing Your Word Power1. Clipped words Original forms Clipped words Original forms fax facsimile fridge refrigerator auto automobile memo memorandum burger hamburger Poli-sci Political science demo demonstration sub Substitute; submarine flu Influenza zoo Zo

37、ological garden 2. Nouns / Adjectives Suffixes Uncountable Nouns Chinese Meanings king -dom / -hood Kingdom 王国；领域 father fatherhood 父亲的身份（或资格） adult adulthood 成年 brother brotherhood 手足之情，同胞之爱 free freedom 自由；自主 duke dukedom 公爵的爵位 likely likeliness 可能性 neighbor neighborhood 街坊，四邻；住宅区 wise wisedom 智慧，

38、才智 woman womanhood 女子成年期；女子气质 3. 1) positive 2) certain 3) less 4) unknown 5) complete 6) infinite 7) hopeless 8) modern 9) individual 10) contradictory GRAMMAR REVIEW1. 1) If they hadnt broken away from the out-of-date regulation, they wouldnt have made great advances in their work. 2) If they hadn

39、t taken proper care of her, she wouldnt have recovered so rapidly. 3) The conference wouldnt have been so successful if we hadnt made adequate preparations. 4) We would have had a hard time if we hadnt followed the right instructions. 5) The flood would have caused great damage to our property if we

40、 hadnt built so many reservoirs. 6) They would have succeeded in the experiment if they had followed the right procedure. 2. 1) If English hadnt become a language of international business after World War II, most developing countries wouldnt have required students to study it at school. 2) If Willi

41、am hadnt invaded England in 1066, the English language wouldnt have had many words of French origin. 3) If modern English hadnt developed from several different languages, the grammar and spelling rules wouldnt have been so irregular. 4) If England hadnt been conquered by the Normans in 1066, French

42、 wouldnt have become the main language of the ruling class at that time. CLOZE1. 1) topic 2) creates 3) really 4) grasp 5) sure 6) opposite 7) contradictory 8) reality 9) physical 10) rigidity 11) individual 12) humility 13) rainbow 14) falsehood TRANSLATION1. 1) Most people strongly believe that th

43、e court will no doubt punish the bank robbers severely.2) The medical workers overcame one difficulty after another in their long-term quest for a cure for the disease.3) Acting on the information they received, the police closed off the streets and caught the bank robbers.4) We were amazed at learn

44、ing that the newly-built TV factory can produce 500,000 TV sets in the first year.5) The government is looking into the causes of so many layoffs and is trying to help the laid-off workers to be re-employed.6) To expand the sales of its product, the company has taken up various measures to open up n

45、ew markets and to improve its services.7) He has neglected his studies to such an extent that I am afraid it is impossible for him to catch up with the other students in a month.8) The fireworks factory was closed last month for failing to comply with the government safety regulations.9) It remains

46、to be seen whether our football team can beat its opponents.10) Mr. Smith predicted that the recent oil discoveries, together with the use / employment of new technologies, would lead to a decline in the price of crude oil. 2. We all know that knowledge is power but we are seldom aware of how diffic

47、ult knowledge transfer is. According to Victoria Griffith, there are many barriers to knowledge transfer and lack of trust is one of the major ones. It seems to her that people are only to absorb knowledge readily from those they know and trust. For example, in the early 17th century, Galileo argued

48、 that the earth and other planets move around the sun, but this knowledge was rejected by the general populations at that time because the Italian over three hundred years ago trusted the Roman Catholic Church more than they trusted science. What was worse, Galileo had to spend the rest of his life

49、under house arrest for his ideas. Victoria Griffith reminds us that knowledge transfer is still a tough problem although we are living in the “knowledge era.” THEME-RELATED WRITINGSample Essay: Knowledge transfer is a human phenomenon and plays a very important role in the process of human evolution

50、. With the knowledge accumulated over generations, human beings can now build and transform societies with unprecedented knowledge resources. However, there are many barriers to knowledge transfer. For example, lack of trust and resistance to change undermine the transfer of knowledge. People are le

51、ss likely to acquire knowledge from those whom they dont trust or to adopt new theories and practices they are not familiar with. Cultural and language barriers also hamper the transfer of knowledge between nations or ethnic groups. It would be almost impossible for people who speak different languages or dialects with different cultural backgrounds to communicate effecitvely, not to mention exchanging knowledge.An underdeveloped economy is another barrier to knowledge transfer. The lack of socio-economic and techno-environmental cooperation, as well as poor commu