2016年6月英语六级真题第2套

1、2016年6月大学英语六级真题(第2套)PartIDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonlivinginthevirtualworld.Trytoimaginewhatwillhappenwhenpeoplespendmoreandmoretimeinthevirtualworldinsteadofinteractingintherealworld.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200wordsSectionADirections:In

2、thissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswer.fromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethr

3、oughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1. A)TheprojectthemanmanagedatCucinTech.8) TheupdatingoftechnologyatCucinTech.C)Theman'sswitchtoanewcareer.D)Therestructuringofhercompany.2. A)Talentedpersonnel.B) Strategicinnovation.C) Competitiveproducts.D)

4、 Effectivepromotion.3. A)Expandthemarket.B) Recruitmoretalents.C) Innovateconstantly.D) Watchoutforhiscompetitors.4. A)Possiblebankruptcy.B) Unforeseendifficulties.C) Conflictswithinthecompany.D) Imitationbyone'scompetitors.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5. A)Thejobofanin

5、terpreter.B) Thestressfeltbyprofessionals.C) Theimportanceoflanguageproficiency.D) Thebestwaytoeffectivecommunication.6. A)Promising.B) Admirable.C) Rewarding.D) Meaningful.7. A)Theyallhaveastronginterestinlanguage.B) Theyallhaveprofessionalqualifications.C) Theyhaveallpassedlanguageproficiencytests

6、.D) Theyhaveallstudiedcross-culturaldifferences.8. A)Itrequiresamuchlargervocabulary.B) Itattachesmoreimportancetoaccuracy.C) Itismorestressfulthansimultaneousinterpreting.D) Itputsone-termslongmemoryundermorestress.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwil

7、lhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions9to11arebasedonthepassage

8、youhavejustheard.9. A)Itmightaffectmothershealth.'B) Itmightdisturbinfants'sleep.C) Itmightincreasetheriskofinfants,death.D) Itmightincreasemothers'mentaldistress.10. A)Motherswhobreast-feedtheirbabieshaveahardertimefallingasleep.B)Motherswhosleepwiththeirbabiesneedalittlemoresleepeachni

9、ght.C)SleepingpatternsofmothersgreatlyaffecttheirnewbornbabiesD)Sleepingwithinfantsinthesameroomhasanegativeimpactonmothers.11. A)Changetheirsleeppatternstoadapttotheirnewbornbabies'.B) Sleepinthesameroombutnotinthesamebedastheirbabies.C) Sleepinthesamehousebutnotinthesameroomastheirbabies.D) Ta

10、keprecautionstoreducetheriskofsuddeninfantdeathsyndrome.PassageTwoQuestions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12. A)AlotofnativelanguageshavealreadydiedoutintheUS.B) TheUSranksfirstinthenumberofendangeredlanguages.C) TheeffortstopreserveIndianlanguageshaveprovedfruitless.D) Moremoneyisneeded

11、torecordthenativelanguagesintheUS.13. A)Tosetupmorelanguageschools.B) Todocumentendangeredlanguages.C) ToeducatenativeAmericanchildren.D) TorevitaliseAmerica'snativelanguages.14. A)TheUSgovemment'spolicyofcanisingAmeriIndianchildren.B) ThefailureofAmericanIndianlanguagestogainanofficialstatu

12、s.C) TheUSgovernment'sunwillingnesstospendmoneyeducatingIndians.D)Thelong-timeisolationofAmericanIndiansfromtheoutsideworld.15. A)Itisbeingutilisedtoteachnativelanguages.B) Ittellstraditionalstoriesduringfamilytime.C) Itspeedsuptheextinctionofnativelanguages.D) Itiswidelyusedinlanguageimmersions

13、chools.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethrough

14、thecentre.RecordingOneQuestions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16. A)Itpaysthemuptohalfoftheirpreviouswageswhiletheylookforwork.B)Itcoverstheirmortgagepaymentsandmedicalexpensesfor99weeks.C)Itpaystheirlivingexpensesuntiltheyfindemploymentagain.D)Itprovidesthemwiththebasicnecessitiesofev

15、erydaylife.17. A)Creatingjobsforthehugearmyofunemployedworkers.B) Providingtrainingandguidanceforunemployedworkers.C) Convincinglocallawmakerstoextendunemploymentbenefits.D) Raisingfundstohelpthosehavingnounemploymentinsurance.18. A)Toofferthemloanstheyneedtostarttheirownbusinesses.B) Toallowthemtop

16、ostponetheirmonthlymortgagepayments.C) Tocreatemorejobsbyencouragingprivateinvestmentsinlocalcompanies.D) Toencouragebigbusinessestohirebackworkerswithgovernmentsubsidies.Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19. A)Theymeasuredthedepthsofseawater.B) Theyanalyzedthewatercontent.C) The

17、yexploredtheoceanfloor.D) Theyinvestigatedtheice.20. A)Eightypercentoftheicedisappearsinsummertime.B) Mostoftheicewasaccumulatedoverthepastcenturies.C) Theiceensuresthesurvivalofmanyendangeredspecies.'s fresh water.D) Theicedecreaseismoreevidentthanpreviouslythought.21. A)Arcticiceisamajorsource

18、oftheworldB) ThemeltingArcticicehasdrownedmanycoastalcities.C) ThedeclineofArcticiceisirreversible.D) Arcticiceisessentialtohumansurvival.22. A)Itwilldoalotofharmtomankind.B) Thereisnoeasywaytounderstandit.C) Itwilladvancenucleartechnology.D) Thereisnoeasytechnologicalsolutiontoit.RecordingThreeQues

19、tions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.23. A)ThereasonwhyNewZealandchildrenseemtohavebetterself-control.B) Therelationbetweenchildren-controlsandselftheirfuturesuccess.C) Thehealthproblemsofchildrenraisedbyasingleparent.D) Thedecidingfactorinchildren'sacademicperformance.24. A)Childre

20、nraisedbysingleparentswillhaveahardtimeintheirthirties.B) Thosewithacriminalrecordmostlycomefromsingleparentfamilies.C) Parentsmustlearntoexerciseself-controlinfrontoftheirchildren.D) Lackofself-controlinparentsisadisadvantagefortheirchildren.25. A)Self-controlcanbeimprovedthrougheducation.B) Self-c

21、ontrolcanimproveone'sfinancialsituation.C) Self-controlproblemsmaybedetectedearlyinchildren.D) Self-controlproblemswilldiminishasonegrowsup.ReadingcomprehensionDirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowi

22、ngthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemon,AnswerStreet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theroboti

23、csrevolutionissettobringhumansfacetofacewithanoldfearman-madecreationsassmartandcapableaswearebutwithoutamoralcompass.Asrobotstakeonevermorecomplexroles,thequestionnaturally26:Whowillberesponsiblewhentheydosomethingwrong?Manufacturers?Users?Softwarewriters?Theanswerdependsontherobot.Robotsalreadysav

24、eustime,moneyandenergy.Inthefuture,theywillimproveourhealthcare,socialwelfareandstandardofliving.The27ofcomputationalpowerandengineeringadvanceswill28enablelower-costin-homecareforthedisabled,29useofdriverlesscarsthatmayreducedrunk-anddistracted-drivingaccidentsandcountlesshomeandservice-industryuse

25、sforrobots,fromstreetcleaningtofoodpreparation.Butthereare30tobeproblems.Robotcarswillcrash.Adrone（遥控飞行器）operatorwill31someone'sprivacy.Aroboticlawnmowerwillrunoveraneighbor'scat.Juriessympathetictothe32ofmachineswillpunishentrepreneurswithcompany-crushing33anddamages.Whatshouldgovernmentsdo

26、toprotectpeoplewhile34spaceforinnovation?Big,complicatedsystemsonwhichmuchpublicsafetydepends,likedriverlesscars,shouldbebuilt,35andsoldbymanufacturerswhotakeresponsibilityforensuringsafetyandareliableforaccidents.Governmentsshouldsetsafetyrequirementsandthenletinsurerspricetheriskoftherobotsbasedon

27、themanufacturer'sdrivingrecord,notthepassenger's.A.arisesB.ascendsC.boundD.combinationE.definiteF.eventuallyG.interfereH.invadeI.manifestingJ.penaltiesK.preservingL.programmedM.proximatelyN.victimsO.widespreadSectionBten statemen tsDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithattach

28、edtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.ReformandMedicalCostsA Americansaredeeplyconcerned

29、abouttherelentlessriseinhealthcarecostsandhealthinsurancepremiums.Theyneedtoknowifreformwillhelpsolvetheproblem.Theansweristhatnoonehasaneasyfixforrisingmedicalcosts.Thefundamentalfix-reshapinghowcareisdeliveredandhowdoctorsarepaidinawasteful,abnormalsystem-islikelytobeachievedonlythroughtrialanderr

30、orandincremental（渐进的）gains.B ThegoodnewsisthatabilljustapprovedbytheHouseandabillapprovedbytheSenateFinanceCommitteewouldimplementortestmanyreformsthatshouldhelpslowtheriseinmedicalcostsoverthelongterm.AsareportinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineconcluded,"Prettymucheveryproposedinnovationfoundint

31、hehealthpolicyliteraturethesedaysiscontainedinthesemeasures."C Medicalspending,whichtypicallyrisesfasterthanwagesandtheoveralleconomy,ispropelledbytwothings:thehighpriceschargedformedicalservicesinthiscountryandthevolumeofunnecessarycaredeliveredbydoctorsandhospitals,whichoftenperformalotmorete

32、stsandtreatmentsthanapatientreallyneeds.D HerearesomeoftheimportantproposalsintheHouseandSenatebillstotrytoaddressthoseproblems,andwhyitishardtoknowhowwelltheywillwork.E BothbillswouldreducetherateofgrowthinannualMedicarepaymentstohospitals,nursinghomesandotherprovidersbyamountscomparabletotheproduc

33、tivitysavingsroutinelymadeinotherindustrieswiththehelpofnewtechnologiesandnewwaystoorganizework.ThisproposalcouldsaveMedicaremorethan$100billionoverthenextdecade.Ifprivateplansdemandedsimilarproductivitysavingsfromproviders,andrefusedtoletprovidersshiftadditionalcoststothem,thesavingscouldbemuchlarg

34、er.CriticssayCongresswillgiveintolobbyistsandletinefficientprovidersoffthehookThatisfarlesslikelytohappenifCongressalsoadoptsstrongpay“-go”rulesrequiringthatanyincreaseinpaymentstoprovidersbeoffsetbynewtaxesorbudgetcuts.F TheSenateFinancebillwouldimposeanexcisetax（7肖费税）onhealthinsuranceplansthatcost

35、morethan$8,000foranindividualor$21,000forafamily.Itwouldmostlikelycauseinsurerstoredesignplanstofallbeneaththethreshold.Enrolleeswouldhavetopaymoremoneyformanyservicesoutoftheirownpockets,andthatwouldencouragethemtothinktwiceaboutwhetheranexpensiveorredundanttestwasworthit.Economistsprojectthatmoste

36、mployerswouldshiftmoneyfromexpensivehealthbenefitsintowages.TheHousebillhasnosimilartax.Thefinallegislationshould.G Anydoctorwhohaswrestledwithmultipleformsfromdifferentinsurers,orpatientswhohavetriedtounderstandtheirownparadeofstatements,knowthatsimplificationoughttosavemoney.Whenthehealthinsurance

37、industrywasstillcooperatinginreformefforts,itstradegroupofferedtoprovidestandardizedformsforautomatedprocessing.Itestimatedthatstepwouldsavehundredsofbillionsofdollarsoverthenextdecade.Thebillswouldlockthatpledgeintolaw.HThestimuluspackageprovidedmoneytoconverttheinefficient,paper-drivenmedicalsyste

38、mtoelectronicrecordsthatcanbeeasilyviewedandtransmitted.Thisrequiresopeninvestmentstohelpdoctorsconvert.Intimeitshouldhelprestraincostsbyeliminatingredundanttests,preventingdruginteractions,andhelpingdoctorsfindthebesttreatments.I Virtuallyallexpertsagreethatthefee-for-servicesystemdoctorsarerewarde

39、dforthequantityofcareratherthanitsqualityoreffectivenessisaprimaryreasonthatthecostofcareissohigh.Mostagreethatthesolutionistopushdoctorstoacceptfixedpaymentstocareforaparticularillnessorforapatient'sneedsoverayear.Nooneknowshowtomakethathappenquickly.Thebillsinbothhouseswouldstartpilotprojectsw

40、ithinMedicare.Theyincludesuchmeasuresasaccountablecareorganizationstotakechargeofapatient'sneedswithaneyeonbothcostandquality,andchronicdiseasemanagementtomakesuretheseriouslyill,whoareresponsibleforthebulkofallhealthcarecosts,aretreatedproperly.Forthemostpart,theseexperimentsrelyonincentivepaym

41、entstogetdoctorstotrythem.J Testinginnovationsdonogoodunlessthegoodexperimentsareidentifiedandexpandedandthebadonesaredropped.TheSenatebillwouldcreateanindependentcommissiontomonitorthepilotprogramsandrecommendchangesinMedicare'spaymentpoliciestourgeproviderstoadoptreformsthatwork.Thechangeswoul

42、dhavetobeapprovedorrejectedasawholebyCongress,makingithardfornarrow-interestlobbiestobendlawmakerstotheirwill.K Thebillsinbothchamberswouldcreatehealthinsuranceexchangesonwhichsmallbusinessesandindividualscouldchoosefromanarrayofprivateplansandpossiblyapublicoption.Alltheplanswouldhavetoprovidestand

43、ardbenefitpackagesthatwouldbeeasytocompare.Togetaccesstomillionsofnewcustomers,insurerswouldhaveastrongincentivetosellontheexchange.Andthehead-to-headcompetitionmightgivethemastrongincentivetolowertheirprices,perhapsbyacceptingslimmerprofitmarginsordemandingbetterdealsfromproviders.L Thefinallegisla

44、tionmightthrowapublicplanintothecompetition,butthankstothefierceoppositionoftheinsuranceindustryandRepublicancritics,itmightnotsavemuchmoney.TheoneintheHousebillwouldhavetonegotiaterateswithproviders,ratherthanusingMedicarerates,asmanyreformerswanted.MThepresident'sstimuluspackageispumpingmoneyi

45、ntoresearchtocomparehowwellvarioustreatmentswork.Issurgery,radiationorcarefulmonitoringbestforprostate(前歹J腺)cancer?Isthelatestandmostexpensivecholesterol-loweringdruganybetterthanitscommoncompetitors?Thependingbillswouldspendadditionalmoneytoacceleratethiseffort.N Criticshavechargedthatthissensiblei

46、deawouldleadtorationingofcare.(Thatwouldbetrueonlyifyoubelievedthatpatientsshouldhaveanunrestrainedrighttotreatmentsproventobeinferior.)Asaresult,thebillsdonotrequire,astheyshould,thattheresultsofthesestudiesbeusedtosetpaymentratesinMedicare.O CongressneedstofindthecouragetoallowMedicaretopayprefere

47、ntiallyfortreatmentsproventobesuperior.Sometimesthebesttreatmentmightbethemostexpensive.Butoverall,wesuspectthatspendingwouldcomedownthrougheliminationofalotofunnecessaryorevendangeroustestsandtreatments.P TheHousebillwouldauthorizethesecretaryofhealthandhumanservicestonegotiatedrugpricesinMedicarea

48、ndMedicaid.Someauthoritativeanalystsdoubtthatthesecretarywouldgetbetterdealsthanprivateinsurersalreadyget.Webelievenegotiationcouldwork.Itdoesinothercountries.ums for doct ors i n high-risk specialties,Q Missingfromthesebillsisanyseriousattempttoreininmalpracticecosts.Malpracticeawardsdodriveupinsur

49、ancepremiandthereissomeevidencethatdoctorsengagein"defensivemedicine"byperformingtestsandtreatmentsprimarilytoprovetheyarenotnegligentshouldtheygetsued.36. Withataximposedonexpensivehealthinsuranceplans,mostemployerswilllikelytransfermoneyfromhealthexpensesintowages.37. Changesinpolicywoul

50、dbeapprovedorrejectedasawholesothatlobbyistswouldfindithardtoinfluencelawmakers.38. ItisnoteasytocurbtherisingmedicalcostsinAmerica.49.Standardizationofformsforautomaticprocessingwillsavealotofmedicalexpenses.40. Republicansandinsuranceindustryarestronglyopposedtothecreationofapublicinsuranceplan.41

51、. Conversionsofpapertoelectronicmedicalrecordswillhelpeliminateredundanttestsandpreventdruginteractions.42. Thehighcostofmedicalservicesandunnecessarytestsandtreatmentshavedrivenupmedicalexpenses.43. Onemainfactorthathasdrivenupmedicalexpensesisthatdoctorsarecompensatedfortheamountofcareratherthanit

52、seffect.44. Contrarytoanalystsdoubts,'theauthorbelievesdrugpricesmaybeloweredthroughnegotiation.45.Faircompetitionmightcreateastrongincentiveforinsurerstochargeless.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions。runfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearef

53、ourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Facingwatershortagesandescalatingfertilizercosts,farmersindevelopingcountriesareusingrawsewage（下水道污水）toirrigatea

54、ndfertilizenearly49millionacresofcropland,accordingtoanewreportanditmaynotbeabadthing.Whilethepracticecarriesserioushealthrisksformany,thosedangersareoutweighedbythesocialandeconomicgainsforpoorurbanfarmersandconsumerswhoneedaffordablefood.“Thereisalargepotentialforwastewateragriculturetobothhelpand

55、hurtgreatnumbersofurbanconsumers,"saidLiqaRaschid-Sally,wholedthestudy.Thereportfocusedonpoorurbanareas,wherefarmsinornearcitiessupplyrelativelyinexpensivefood.Mostoftheseoperationsdrawirrigationwaterfromlocalriversorlakes.Unlikedevelopedcities,however,theseareaslackadvancedwater-treatmentfacil

56、ities,andriverseffectivelybecomesewers（下水道）.Whenthiswaterisusedforagriculturalirrigation,farmersriskabsorbingdisease-causingbacteria,asdoconsumerswhoeattheproducerawandunwashed.Nearly2.2millionpeopledieayearbecauseofdiarrhea-related（与腹泻相关的）diseases,accordingtoWHOstatistics.Morethan80%ofthosecasescan

57、beattributedtocontactwithcontaminatedwaterandalackofpropersanitation.ButPayDrechsel,anenvironmentalscientist,arguesthatthesocialandeconomicbenefitsofusinguntreatedhumanwastetogrowfoodoutweighthehealthrisks.Thosedangerscanbeaddressedwithfarmerandconsumereducation,hesaid,whilethefreewaterandnutrientsf

58、romhumanwastecanhelpurbanfarmersindevelopingcountriestoescapepoverty.Agricultureisawater-intensivebusiness,accountingfornearly70%ofglobalfreshwaterconsumption.Inpoor,dryregions,untreatedwastewateristheonlyviableirrigationsourcetokeepfarmersinbusiness.Insomecases,waterissoscarcethatfarmersbreakopensewagepipestransportingwastetolocalrivers.Irrigationistheprimaryagriculturaluseofhumanwasteinthedevelopingworld.Butfrequentlyuntreatedhumanwasteharvestedfromlavatoriesisdeliveredtofarmsandspreadasfertilizer.Inmostcases,thehumanwasteisusedongraincrops