ASTM B228-04同心绞捻的包铜钢导线

1、Designation:B22804StandardSpecicationforConcentric-Lay-StrandedCopper-CladSteelConductors1ThisstandardisissuedunderthexeddesignationB228;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflas

2、treapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheDepartmentofDefense.1.Scope1.1Thisspecicationcoversbareconcentric-lay-strandedconductorsmadefrombareroundcopper-cladsteelwiresforgeneraluseforelectricalpurpose

3、s.1.2Forthepurposeofthisspecication,conductorsareclassiedasfollows:Grade40HS,Grade30HS,andGrade30EHS.1.3Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.ThevaluesgiveninparenthesesareinSIunits.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1Thefollowingdocumentsoftheissueineffectonthedateofmaterialpurchaseforma

4、partofthisspecicationtotheextentreferencedherein:2.2ASTMStandards:2B227SpecicationforHard-DrawnCopper-CladSteelWireB354TerminologyRelatingtoUninsulatedMetallicElec-tricalConductors2.3ANSIStandards:C42DenitionsofElectricalTerms32.4NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology:NBSHandbook100CopperWireTabl

5、es43.OrderingInformation3.1Ordersformaterialunderthisspecicationshallincludethefollowinginformation:3.1.1Quantityofeachsizeandgrade;3.1.2Conductorsize:approximatediameterinfractionsofaninch,ornumberandAWGsizeofindividualwires(Section7andTable1);3.1.3Grade(see1.2andTable1);3.1.4Directionoflayofouterl

6、ayer,ifotherthanleft-hand(see6.3);3.1.5Whenphysicaltestsshallbemade(see8.2);3.1.6Packagesize(see13.1);3.1.7Specialpackagemarking,ifrequired(Section12);3.1.8Lagging,ifrequired(see13.2);and3.1.9Placeofinspection(Section14).3.2Inaddition,SupplementaryRequirementsshallapplyonlywhenspeciedbythepurchaseri

7、ntheinquiry,contract,orpurchaseorderfordirectprocurementbyagenciesoftheU.S.Government(S1,S2,andS3).4.MaterialforWires4.1Thepurchasershallspecifythegradeofwiretobeusedintheconductor.4.2Beforestranding,thecopper-cladsteelwireshallmeetalltherequirementsofSpecicationB227.4.3Allwiresintheconductorshallbe

8、ofthesamegradeandquality.5.Joints5.1Jointsorsplicesmaybemadeinthenishedindividualcopper-cladsteelwirescomposingconcentric-lay-strandedconductors,usingmorethanthreewiresprovidedthatsuchjointsorspliceshaveaprotectionequivalenttothatofthewireitselfandthattheydonotdecreasethestrengthofthenishedstrandedc

9、onductorbelowtheminimumbreakingstrengthshowninTable1.Suchjointsorsplicesshallbenotcloserthan50ft(15m)toanyotherjointinthesamelayerintheconductor(Note1).NOTE1Jointsorsplicesinindividualcopper-cladsteelwiresintheirnishedsizearemadebyelectricalbuttwelding.Twotypesofjointsareusedandaredescribedasfollows

10、:(a)Weld-AnnealedJointsAfterbuttwelding,thewireisannealedforadistanceofapproximately5in.(127mm)oneachsideoftheweld.Theweldisthenprotectedfromcorrosionwithasnugttingseamlesscoppersleevewhichextendsatleast38in.(9.5mm)oneachsideoftheweldandwhichisthoroughlysealedtothewirewithsolder.ThewallthicknessofTh

11、isspecicationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB01onElectricalConductorsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeB01.06onCompositeConductors.CurrenteditionapprovedApril1,2004.PublishedApril2004.Originallyapprovedin1948.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2002asB22802.2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visitth

12、eASTMwebsite,,orcontactASTMCustomerS.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandardsDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.3AvailablefromAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI),25W.43rdSt.,4thFloor,NewYork,NY10036.4AvailablefromNationalInstituteofSt

13、andardsandTechnology(NIST),100BureauDr.,Stop3460,Gaithersburg,MD20899-3460.CopyrightASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.TABLE1ConstructionRequirementsandBreakingStrengthofConcentric-Lay-StrandedCopper-CladSteelConductorsNOTE1MetricEquivalentsFord

14、iameter,1in.=25.40mm(roundtofoursignicantgures);forbreakingstrength,1lb=0.45359kg(roundtofoursignicantgures).SizeDesignationInchC2332781316213291658AWGD19No.519No.619No.719No.819No.97No.47No.57No.67No.77No.87No.97No.103No.53No.63No.73333No.No.No.No.891012ConductorDiameter,in.A0.9100.8100.7210.6420.5

15、720.6130.5460.4860.4330.3850.3430.3060.3920.3490.3110.2770.2470.2200.174RatedBreakingStrength,min,lbBGrade40HS50240416003439028380233902231018510153301267010460861671218373693457324730389832211715Grade30HS5557045830377403104025500247802047016890139101144093937758926276396291517442503509.Grade30EHS66

16、9105553045850376903061029430246502046016890138901128091961186097547922628251294160.91612716381132516.ABDiameterofcircumscribingcircle.Breakingloadsof7-wireand19-wireconductorsaretakenas90%ofthesumofthebreakingloadsoftheindividualwires;breakingloadof3-wireconductorsistakenas95%ofthesumofthebreakinglo

17、adsoftheindividualwires.CThedesignation“Inch”istheapproximatediameterinproperfractionofaninch.DThedesignationof“AWG”isacombinationofthenumberofwireseachoftheAmericanWireGagesizeindicatedby“No.”TABLE2DensityofCopper-CladSteelUnitsGramspercubiccentimetrePoundspercubicinchPoundspercircularmil-footGrade

18、40Densityat20C8.240.29750.0000028039Grade30Densityat20C8.150.29440.0000027750thesleeveisatleast10%oftheradiusofthewire.Thisjointhasatensilestrengthofapproximately60000psi(415MPa).Thisislessthanthestrengthoftheindividualwires,butanallowanceismadeforthisintheratedstrengthoftheconductorasawhole.Thecomp

19、letedconductorwhencontainingsuchjointsisrequiredtohavethefullratedstrength.Thistypeofjointisbutslightlylargerthanthewireitselfandisapplicablefor7,12,and19-wirestrandedconductors.(b)Compression-WeldJointsCompression-weldjointsdifferfromweld-annealedjointsinthatthewireisnotannealedafterthebutt-welding

20、operationbutisreinforcedwithahard-drawn,seamless,silicon-tinbronzesleevewhichisappliedbymeansofahydrauliccompressorovertheweld.Thissleeveiscoveredwithsoldersoastocompletelysealtheends.Thesesleeveshaveawallthicknessof25to50%oftheradiusofthewire,dependingonthewiresize.Theiruseisusuallylimitedto3-wirec

21、onductorswheretherelativelylargediameterisnotobjectionable.Thisjointdevelopsthefullstrengthofthewire.6.3Thedirectionoflayoftheouterlayershallbeleft-handunlessthedirectionoflayisspeciedotherwisebythepurchaser.6.4Thedirectionoflayshallbereversedinconsecutivelayers.6.5Allwiresintheconductorshalllienatu

22、rallyintheirtruepositionsinthecompletedconductor.Theyshalltendtoremaininpositionwhentheconductoriscutatanypointandshallpermitrestrandingbyhandafterbeingforciblyunraveledattheendoftheconductor.7.Construction7.1Thenumbersanddiametersofthewiresintheconcentric-lay-strandedconductorsshallconformtothere-q

23、uirementsprescribedinTable1(Note2).NOTE2Fordenitionsoftermsrelatingtoconductors,referenceshouldbemadeto(1)ANSIC42.35-latestrevisionand(2)TerminologyB354.6.Lay6.1For3-wireconductorsthepreferredlayis1612timestheoutsidediameter,butthelayshallnotbelessthan14timesnormorethan20timesthisdiameter.6.2For7-an

24、d19-wireconductorsthepreferredlayis1312timesthediameterofthatlayer,butthelayshallnotbelessthan10normorethan16timesthisdiameter.8.PhysicalandElectricalTests8.1Testsforphysicalandelectricalpropertiesofwirescomposingconcentric-lay-strandedconductorsmadefromcopper-cladsteelwireshallbemadebeforestranding

25、.8.2Attheoptionofthepurchaser,tensionandelongationtestsbeforestrandingmaybewaivedandthecompleteconductorsmaybetestedasaunit.ThebreakingstrengthoftheconductorssotestedshallbenotlessthanthatrequiredinTable1.8.3Wherebreakingstrengthtestsarerequiredonthenishedconductor,theyshallbemadeonrepresentativesam

26、plesnotlessthan4ft(1.22m)inlength.Forlotsof10000lb(4540kg)orless,twosamplesshallbetakenfromseparatereelsorcoilsinthelotexceptthatbutonesampleshallberequiredwherethetotalamountofconductoris5000ft(1525m)orless.Forquantitiesover10000lb,onesampleforeach10000lb,orfractionthereof,shallbetaken,buttheminimu

27、mnumberofsamplesshallbethree.8.4Specimensofthecompletedconductorshallbetestedinatensiletestingmachineequippedwithjawssuitableforgrippingoftheconductororequippedforholdingproperlysocketedspecimens.Anytestinwhichtheresultisbelowthestatedvalueandwhichisobviouslycausedbyimpropersocketingofthespecimen,or

28、duetothebreakoccurringinoratthegrippingjawsofthemachine,shallbedisregardedandanothersamplefromthesamecoilorreelshallbetested.9.Density9.1Forthepurposeofcalculatingmassperunitlength(Note3),crosssections,andsoforth,thedensityofthecopper-cladsteelwireshallbetakenasshowninTable2(Note4).NOTE3Thetermmassp

29、erunitlengthisusedinthisspecicationasbeingmoretechnicallycorrectreplacestheterm“weights.”NOTE4Thevalueofdensityofcopper-cladsteelisanaveragevaluewhichhasbeenfoundtobeinaccordancewithusualvaluesencounteredinpractice.Equivalentexpressionsofdensityat20CaregiveninTable2.10.MassandResistance10.1Themassan

30、delectricalresistanceofaunitlengthofstrandedconductorareafunctionofthelengthoflay.TheapproximatemassandelectricalresistancemaybedeterminedusingthestandardincrementsshowninTable3.Whengreateraccuracyisdesired,theincrementbasedonthespeciclayoftheconductormaybecalculated(Note5).NOTE5Theincrementofmassor

31、electricalresistanceofacompletedconcentric-lay-strandedconductor(k)inpercentisk5100m21!wheremisthestrandingfactor,andisalsotheratioofthemassorelectricalresistanceofaunitlengthofstrandedconductortothatofasolidconductorofthesamecross-sectionalareaorofastrandedconductorwithinnitelengthofstranding,thati

32、s,allwiresparalleltotheconductoraxis.ThestrandingfactormforthecompletedstrandedconductoristheTABLE3StandardIncrementsDuetoStrandingTypeofConductorIncrement(Increase)ofResistanceandMass,%3Wire0.87Wire1.019Wire1.4numericalaverageofthestrandingfactorsforeachoftheindividualwiresintheconductor,includingt

33、hestraightcorewire,ifany(forwhichthestrandingfactorisunity).Thestrandingfactor(mind)foranygivenwireinaconcentric-lay-strandedconductorismind5=119.8696/n!wheren=lengthoflay/diameterofhelicalpathofthewire.ThederivationoftheaboveisgiveninNBSHandbook100.11.VariationinArea11.1Theareaofcrosssectionoftheco

34、mpletedconductorshallbenotlessthan98%oftheareaspecied.Theareaofcrosssectionofaconductorshallbeconsideredtobethesumofthecross-sectionalareasofitscomponentwiresatanysectionwhenmeasuredperpendicularlytotheirindividualaxes(Note6).NOTE6Fortheconvenienceoftheusersofthisspecication,Table4hasbeenpreparedgiv

35、ingareas,resistancesper1000ft,andmassper1000ft,andpermile,ofthevariousconstructionsreferredtoinTable1.12.Inspection12.1Unlessotherwisespeciedinthecontractorpurchaseorder,themanufacturershallberesponsiblefortheperfor-manceofallinspectionandtestrequirementsspecied.12.2Allinspectionsandtestsshallbemade

36、attheplaceofmanufactureunlessotherwiseespeciallyagreedtobetweenthemanufacturerandthepurchaseratthetimeofthepurchase.12.3Themanufacturershallaffordtheinspectorrepresent-ingthepurchaserallreasonablemanufacturersfacilitiesnec-essarytoensurethatthematerialisbeingfurnishedinaccordancewiththisspecication.

37、13.PackagingandPackageMarking13.1Packagesizesforconductorsshallbeagreeduponbythemanufacturerandthepurchaserintheplacingofindividualorders.13.2Theconductorsshallbeprotectedagainstdamageinordinaryhandlingandshipping.Ifheavywoodlaggingisrequired,itshallbespeciedbythepurchaseratthetimeofthepurchase.13.3

38、Thenetmass,length(orlengths,andnumberoflengths,ifmorethanonelengthisincludedinthepackage),size,gradeofconductor,purchaseordernumber,andanyothermarksrequiredbythepurchaseordershallbemarkedonatagattachedtotheendoftheconductorinsideofthepackage.Thesameinformationtogetherwiththemanufacturersserialnumber

39、(ifany)andallshippingmarksrequiredbythepurchasershallappearontheoutsideofeachpackage.14.Keywords14.1cladsteelelectricalconductor;concentric-lay-strandedcopper-cladsteelelectricalconductor;copperelectricalconductorcopper-cladsteel;copperelectricalconductorstranded;copper-cladsteelelectricalconductor;

40、electricalconductorTABLE4DataConcerningAreas,Mass,andResistancesofConcentric-Lay-StrandedCopper-CladSteelConductors(ForInformationOnly)NOTE1MetricEquivalentsForarea,1in.2=645.16mm2(roundtofoursignicantgures);formass,1lb/1000ft=1.48816kg/km(roundtofoursignicantgures);forresistance,1ohm/1000ft=3.281oh

41、ms/km(roundtofoursignicantgures).NOTE2Themodulusofelasticityofconductorsmanufacturedinaccordancewiththisspecicationmaybetakenas23000000psi(160GPa);likewisethecoefficientoflinearexpansionmaybetakenas0.0000072/F(0.0000129/C).SizeDesignationInchA2332781316213291658ConductorAreacmils62890049880039550031

42、3700248800292200231700183800145700115600916507268099310787506245049393119530280150590in.20.49400.39170.31070.24640.19540.22950.18200.14430.11450.090770.071980.057080.078000.061850.049050.038900.030850.024460.0153930%DensityMasslb/1000ft177014031113882.7700.0818.9649.4514.9408.6323.9256.8203.7277.822

43、0.3174.7138.5109.987.1054.80lb/mile93447409587746603696432434292719215717101356107514671163922.3731.4580.1459.9289.440%DensityMasslb/1000ft178814181125892.0707.3827.5656.2520.3412.9327.3259.5205.8280.7222.6176.5140.0111.088.0255.38lb/mile94427487593947103735436934652747218017281370108714821175932.0739.1586.2464.7292.4Resistance,max,ohms/1000ftGrade400.042640.053770.067800.085500.10780.091430.11530.14540.18330.23120.29150.36760.26850.33850.42690.53830.67880.85591.361Grade300.056850.071680.090390.11400.14370.12190.15370.19380.24440.30810.388