中考总复习英语百色精讲专题7形容词和副词

1、专题七形容词和副词百色五年中考命题规律及趋势近五年百色中考考情分析2019年百色中考命题预测年份考查角度考查重点题号分值预计2019年百色中考对形容词和副词的考查仍是高频考点。倾向于考查形容词和副词词义辨析，比较级和最高级的用法。主要以选择填空、完形填空、综合填空和单词拼写的形式进行考查。考查的小题数约45道。2019形容词比较等级的用法理解as形容词原级as的用法和ed结尾的形容词与ing结尾的形容词的辨析3212019形容词比较等级的用法理解as形容词原级as的用法和interested与interesting的辨析3312019形容词比较等级的用法在对话场景中理解形容词最高级的用法(文中

2、有in China的范围提示)3112019形容词比较等级的用法语境理解和than与比较级连用的用法2912019复合形容词的用法基数词hundred单数名词(中间均用连字符连接)可作复合形容词修饰名词371百色中考语法突破形容词是描述人或事物的性质、特征或状态的词，主要用来修饰名词或部分代词。副词是在句中表示动作或状态的词，常用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子等，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。形容词词义及短语辨析形容词词义辨析主要在选择填空和完形填空中考查。主要以形容词的语境辨析为主，少量涉及易混形容词的用法辨析和形容词与enough、复合不定代词连用的位置关系。1形容词的语境辨析语境辨析

3、更注重形容词在具体语境中的运用，因此在做此类试题时，学生首先应读懂句意，抓住题干中的关键信息；然后，分析所给四个选项表达的含义，并结合日常生活的常识及语境，辨别选项之间的差异，从而选出正确答案。2易混形容词辨析(1)词义相对类形容词词义相对类形容词在英语中比较常见，如：much(许多的；大量的)little(少量的)，easy(简单的；容易的)difficult/hard(难的)，sad(伤心的)happy(高兴的)，right(正确的)wrong(错误的)等。(2)v.ing形容词和v.ed形容词v.ing形容词v.ed形容词exciting令人兴奋的；使人激动的excited兴奋的；激动的

4、frightening令人恐惧的；引起惊恐的frightened害怕的；受恐吓的interesting有趣的；引起兴趣的interested感兴趣的surprising令人惊讶的；意外的surprised感到惊讶的，出人意料的tiring累人的tired 疲倦的；厌倦的pleasing令人愉快的pleased感到高兴的；满意的moving令人感动的moved感动的relaxing令人放松的relaxed感到放松的注意：v.ing表示主动意义，多指事物对人的影响，一般修饰物。v.ed表示被动意义，多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人。3形容词短语辨析(详见分类速记手册“形容词短语”)选择填空。(A)

5、1.Its very _ to drive after drinking wine，and its against the traffic law.Adangerous Brelaxing Cdifficult Dsafe(D)2.(2019扬州中考)Mrs.White is _ enough to spend her spare time on our maths problems.Aconfident Bcurious Cwise Dgenerous(C)3.(2019黄石中考)In the future，robots will do _ jobs in place of people i

6、n order not to get us _Abored；bored Bboring；boringCboring；bored Dbored；boring(B)4.(2019东营中考)The 119 passengers are_ Liu Chuanjian.Without him，they would probably have lost their lives.Ahard on Bthankful toCfriendly to Dresponsible for副词词义及短语辨析1副词词义辨析(1)时间副词(表示时间的副词)时间副词(组)词义时间副词(组)词义ago以前now现在；如今bef

7、ore以前；在前then在那时；当时after后来，以后today今天；现今still仍然yesterday昨天once曾经，以前tomorrow在明天at once立刻，马上recently近来，最近immediately立即，立刻already已经，早已just now刚才early提早；在初期soon不久；立刻finally最后；终于suddenly突然地；忽然at first首先later后来；稍后at last最后late晚；迟；在晚期forever永远；长久地(2)地点副词(表示地点的副词)地点副词(组)词义地点副词(组)词义here这儿up向上there那儿down向下left在

8、/向左面back向后right在/向右面forward向前续表地点副词(组)词义地点副词(组)词义above在上面anywhere 任何地方；无论何处 below在下面everywhere到处inside在/向里面somewhere在某处；到某处outside在/向外面nowhere没有地方north/south/ west/east在北(南/西/东)方，向北(南/西/东)方here and there到处，处处(3)程度副词(描述行为、动作或状态的程度的副词)程度副词(组)词义程度副词(组)词义much非常，很only仅仅；刚刚very非常，很；完全quite相当；十分so如此，这么rath

9、er相当；有点儿such如此even甚至too非常；很mostly主要地；通常a lot许多，大量almost几乎(4)频度副词(描述一定时间内动作发生次数的副词)频度副词(组)词义频度副词(组)词义always 总是；一直ever曾经often经常；时常seldom很少，不常usually通常；经常weekly每周，一周一次sometimes 有时every day/week/month每天/周/月hardly几乎不once一次never永不；绝不；从不twice两次(5)方式副词(描述动作发生方式的副词)方式副词词义方式副词词义angrily愤怒地politely客气地；委婉地carefu

10、lly 小心地quickly迅速地；很快地easily容易地slowly缓慢地，慢慢地happily 快乐地；幸福地successfully成功地；顺利地(6)连接副词(连接句子或引导宾语从句的副词)连接副词(连接句子)词义连接副词(引导宾语从句)词义however然而；可是when 何时moreover而且；此外how如何otherwise否则；另外；在其他方面where在哪里therefore因此；所以why为什么(7)疑问副词(构成特殊疑问句)疑问副词(组)词义疑问副词(组)词义where在哪里why为什么when何时how怎么样what什么how many多少how long多长how

11、 soon多久how often多久一次how far多远2.副词短语辨析(不常考)3形容词、副词的混合辨析形容词、副词的混合辨析主要在选择填空和完形填空中考查。其考查角度主要有三个方面：(1)两个词的形容词和副词形式辨析；(2)四个不同的形容词和副词的混合辨析；(3)同根词的不同形式辨析。广西常考的形容词与副词混合辨析如下：easy与easily；quick与quickly；safe与safely；slow与slowly；heavy与heavily；bad与badly；quiet与quietly；loud与loudly；lucky与luckily注意：(1)有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词

12、。如：lovely(可爱的；美丽的)，lively(活泼的；生动的；真实的)，lonely(寂寞的)。(2)有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加ly，意义有区别。常见的有：closeadj./adv.近的(地)closelyadv.密切地highadj./adv.高的(地)highlyadv.高度地freeadj./adv.免费的(地)freelyadv.自由地lateadj./adv.晚；迟latelyadv.近来deepadj./adv.深的(地)deeplyadv.深刻地nearadj./adv.邻近的(地)nearlyadv.几乎；将近hardadj.

13、/adv.努力的(地)hardlyadv.几乎不mostadj./adv.最mostlyadv.主要地wideadj./adv.宽阔的(地)widelyadv.广泛地选择填空。(B)1.Dad，Im feeling _better now，so you neednt take me to go to the doctor.Atoo BmuchCvery Dquite(D)2._do you play with your pet everyday?For an hour.AHow often BHow manyCHow much DHow long(B)3.(新信息题)Have you watc

14、hed the TV play the Rise of Phoenixes(天盛长歌)?No，I havent.Ive _heard of it.Ausually BneverCoften Dalways(A)4.(2019重庆中考B卷)There was a big fire yesterday._no one was hurt. ALuckily BLoudlyCAngrily DBadly(A)5.The cake tastes _ and it sells _Agood；well Bwell；wellCwell；good Dgood；good形容词和副词的比较等级1形容词、副词比较级和

15、最高级的构成规则(1)形容词、副词的规则变化规则变化构成方法例词一般情况加er，esttalltallertallest以不发音的字母e结尾的词加r，stlargelargerlargest以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词先双写末尾的辅音字母再加er，estbigbiggerbiggest以“辅音字母y”结尾的词变y为i，再加er，esteasyeasiereasiest其他双音节词和多音节词及分词形容词比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加mostbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful(2)形容词、副词的不规则变化原级比较级最高级good，wellbetter

16、bestbad，badlyworseworstmany，muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther指距离；further指程度farthest指距离；furthest指程度oldolder 指岁数大，东西旧；elder指年纪较长的oldest指岁数最大，东西最旧；eldest指年纪最长的2.形容词、副词比较级和最高级以及原级的运用句型含义例句Aas原级asB A 与B一样This book is almost/nearly as thick as that one.这本书和那一本几乎一样厚。Anotas/so原级asBA 不如BThis village isnt

17、 as(so) big as that one.这个村子没有那个村子大。比较级than比更(两者比较) The sun is bigger than the earth.太阳比地球大。比较级and比较级(用于单音节词) 越来越She is growing fatter and fatter.她越来越胖了。more and more原级(用于多音节词) Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家正变得越来越美好。the比较级，the比较级越，就越The better I know him，the more I like him.我越

18、了解他，就越喜欢他。less原级than不如(两者比较) The room is less beautiful than that one.这个房间没有那个房间漂亮。the比较级of the two两者中更Jim is the taller of the two.在他们两人中，吉姆更高。the 最高级of/in比较的范围在中最(三者及以上比较) I am the earliest in my class every day.我每天都是我们班最早到的。one of the 最高级 名词复数最之一(三者及以上比较) This is one of the most expensive cars in

19、 the world.这是世界最贵的车之一。the 序数词 最高级 名词单数 第几最(三者及以上比较) Shanghai is the first largest city in China.上海是中国第一大城市。注意：(1)比较级前可用下列修饰语：evenstill更；much更；a littlea bit有点；a lot很；three times (三倍)；far非常等。如：The boy is much taller than before.这个男孩比以前更高了。(2)very，quite，rather，too，enough，so可以修饰原级。如：This trip is very in

20、teresting.这趟旅行非常有趣。选择填空。(C)1.(原创题)I have two dogs，Maggie and Bella.In my mind，Maggie is _ than Bella.Aclever BclevererCmore clever Dmost clever(D)2.(2019滨州中考)Home is _ place wherever you go.Yes.Theres no place like home.Awarm BwarmerCwarmest Dthe warmest(C)3.(2019武威中考)After two years physical traini

21、ng，he was _ and healthier. Aweaker BlongerCstronger Dshorter(C)4.(原创题)The _ you know Baise，the _ you will love it.Abetter；most Bwell；moreCbetter；more Dwell；most(D)5.(2019贵港中考)He watched Journey to the West last night.He thought it was one of _ TV programs.AinterestingBmore interestingCmost interesti

22、ngDthe most interesting(A)6.(河池中考)Miss Li speaks as _ as she can to make her students understand her.Aclearly Bmore clearlyCmost clearly Dthe most clearly 形容词和副词拼写关于形容词和副词的拼写在百色近五年中考为必考题型之一。下面就此类题型作简要的方法指导：1汉语提示型所给汉语意思一般有两种情况：(1)直接带“的”或“地”的形容词或副词；(2)不带“的”或“地”，需根据句子结构来判断是填形容词还是副词。2首字母提示型(1)如何判断空格处使用形

23、容词：位于系动词后作表语；位于名词前作定语；位于复合不定代词之后，修饰不定代词；位于宾语之后作宾语补足语，常与make，keep等代词连用。(2)如何判断空格处使用副词：位于实义动词之前或助动词、情态动词之后，常用频度副词；位于句首作状语，修饰整个句子；修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。单词拼写。1This dress is a too large for me.Do you have a smaller one?2Tom swims twice a week to keep healthy3Tina is a good student and she _always_ (总是) gets good

24、 grades.4You bought the last ticket for the concert.How_lucky_(幸运的) you are!5Be careful when you are walking，_especially_(尤其) on such an icy road.百色五年真题回顾()1.(2019百色中考)Many students think that singing songs is _ listening to music.Amore happy Bthe most excitingCas interested as Das relaxing as【解析】考查

25、形容词比较级的用法以及以ed和ing结尾的形容词的辨析。句意：很多学生认为唱歌_听音乐。比较级后要加than；最高级后加范围而不是比较对象；as as表示和一样，as后应接形容词或副词的原级，relaxing令人轻松的，一般修饰物，interested使感兴趣，主语是人。【答案】D()2.(2019百色中考)I think English is as _ as Chinese.Ainterested Bmore interestingCinteresting Dmore interested【解析】考查形容词比较级的用法。句意：我认为英语和汉语一样_。interested感兴趣的，指人；int

26、eresting有趣的，指物；as as和一样，中间应跟形容词或副词的原级。【答案】C()3.(2019百色中考)David，what do you think of the weather in Hainan?Oh，its very hot.Its _ in China，I think.Ahot BhotterCthe hottest Dmost hot【解析】考查语境理解及形容词最高级的用法。句意：大卫，你认为海南的天气怎么样？噢！非常热。我认为是中国_。hot原级，热的；hotter比较级，更热的；the hottest最高级，最热的；most hot表达有误。由“in China”可知

27、是全国范围的比较，三者以上的比较用最高级。【答案】C()4.(2019百色中考)Why was the boss angry with the young man?Because he worked _ than the others.Abetter BworseCharder Dmore carefully【解析】考查比较级的用法。句意：为什么老板跟那个年轻人生气？因为他工作比别人 _。better更好；worse更糟；harder更努力；more carefully更认真。根据句意可知答案。【答案】B()5.(2019百色中考)We are required to write a _ co

28、mposition in this exam.AfivehundredswordsBfivehundredwordsCfivehundredwordDfivehundredsword【解析】考查语境理解及复合形容词作定语的用法。句意：在这次考试中，我们被要求写一篇_作文。题空中缺定语，修饰composition。复合形容词作定语时，应用单数形式，且用连字符连接。【答案】C考点抢测一、选择填空。(A)1.(2019百色适应性考试)My friend Kate likes apples，she says they taste _.【考点】Agood Bwell Cbetter Dbest(B)2.

29、(2019百色一模)Which of the two boys runs _？【考点】Afast Bfaster Cslow Dfastest(C)3.(2019河北中考)This dog looks _Its wearing red shoes.【考点】Aclever Bbrave Cfunny Dcareful(B)4.(2019泸州中考) We are happy to see our city is developing _ these years than before.【考点】Aquickly Bmore quicklyCvery quickly Dthe most quickly(A)5.(2019重庆中考B卷)It rained _ yesterday.I had to stay at home.【考点】Aheavily BquietlyChardly Dquickly(C)6.(2019温州中考)Mrs.Smith showed the boys how to behave _ like a gentleman at the dinner table.【考点】Ahappily BbravelyCpolitely Ddifferently(B)7.(2019内江中考)Time is money.But I think time i