Lesson10文本现在进行时讲解(科普)(2)

1、现在进行时讲解一、概念现在进行时表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作.结构：助动词 be ( am / is / are ) +现在分词.二、现在分词的构成1. 大多数动词后可在动词后直接加-ing .如:carry-carrying, catch-catching, drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing ,read-readi ng , thi nk-th inking2. 如果动词以-e结尾,则去掉-e,再加-ing,如: come-coming , have-havin

2、g , make-making, ride-riding, write-writing, take-taking, use-using3. 如果动词只有一个元音字母，而其后跟有一个辅音字母时，将此辅音字母双写，再加-ing如:hit-hitting, let-letting, put-putting, run-running, sit-sitting4. 如果动词有两个音节，且重音在第二个音节上，则末尾的辅音字母须双写，再加-in g,女口: for ' getgetting, pre ' fepreferring, up' sebpsetting .试比较'b

3、enefit/benfiting,' differ/differit/profiting,这些词的重音在第一个音节上，因此其末尾的辅音字母不双写.5. 以-ic 结尾的动词，应先把 -ic 变为-ick,再力口 -ing, eg: panic/panicking, picnic/picnicking,但 lie/lying ,die/dying, tie/tying 是特殊变化要记住.三、句型结构1. 现在进行时的肯定形式、否定形式、疑问形式及其回答，所有变化都体现在助动词be ( is /am / are ) 上.1) 现在进行时的肯定形式：主语+be(am/ is/are)+doi

4、 ng+其他成分I am singing . They are writi ng .2) 现在进行时的否定形式：主语+be(am/ is/are)+not +do in g+其他成分I am not singing . They aren' t writing .3) 般疑问句及回答：be(am/ is/are)+主语+doi ng+其他成分Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you aren' t .Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they aren' t .4) 特殊疑问句及回答：

5、特殊疑问词+be(am/ is/are)+主语+doi ng+其他成分What are you doing ? We are playing (要求就提问内容具体回答).2. 缩写形式如下：I am-1 ' m You areYou' re He is-He' s She -s-She'sIt is- It ' s We cewe re They are-They ' re3. 说明：不是所有动词都能用现在进行时态的，如:see like、want、know等动词往往都不用进行时态.四、用法1. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情.往往与

6、now, at the moment, just等副词连 用,以示强调.We are waiting for you. What are you doing? Some one' s knocking at the door2. 正在进行着的动作可视为未完成的动作：He' s talk ing to his friends in the classroom.可用still 一词强调动作的持续性He' s still talking to his friends in the classroom.3. 表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行.Mr. Black

7、is writing another article.Don' t take that book away. Your father' s using it.She is lear ning pia no un der Mr. Black.4. 现在进行时可用来表示不会长期发生的动作或情况，或被认为在短期内正在进行的动作或 存在的情况：What' s your brother doing these days? He' s studying English at Oxford University.5. 现在进行时也可以用来表示当前的动向：People are

8、beco ming more and more beautiful these days.6. 表示渐变的动词有： become, turn, get, grow, run, go, begin 等.The leaves are turni ng brow n.It ' s getting colder and colder.7. 与always, constantly, forever等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有 说话人的主观色彩.You are always cha nging your mind.8. 现在进行时（以及be going to ）可以表示为将来安排好的活动和事件WW re spending nextwinter in China.用arrive, come, go, leave等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排，也通常有 将到达"禾口 将离去"的意思：He' s arriving