被动语态易错易混点

1、被动语态易错易混点一、单项选择被动语态1 The old man was weak after the accident; so hecarefully by us.A must be take care of B must take care ofC must look after D must be looked after 【答案】 D【解析】详解】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：事故发生后，老人很虚弱；所以他必须由我们仔细照 顾。固定词组： take care of/ looked after 照“顾 ”；句子主语 he 和谓语动词之间是被动关 系，所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态，“情

2、态动词 +be +过去分词 ”。故选 D。2 The two nurses100 ， 000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of theexplosion.ArewardedB would be rewardedC have been rewarded 【答案】 D【解析】D had been rewarded试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏100，000 元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受D。害者。根据 “ but donated it to victims of the explosion. ，可知 “她”们把钱捐给了爆炸事故

3、的受 害者”已经是发生在过去的事情，而 “两位护士被警方奖赏 100，000 元”是发生在过去的过 去，故用过去完成时，且 “两位护士 ”和“奖赏 ”是被动关系，故用被动语态，选 考点：考查时态和语态3 （江苏四校第四次考试 ）The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missingshortly.B have been publishedD are publishedA will be published C had been published 【答案】 A解析】 考查时态。 short

4、ly 不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来 时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。答案： Ain4 At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what science and technology.Ahas discovered Bhas been discoveredChad discovered Dhad been discovered 【答案】 Dwhat 于动词 discover 是被动关系，故选【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式

5、上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，D。5The window is dirty.I know. It for weeks.Ahasn 't cleanedBdidn 't cleanCwasn't cleaned【答案】 DDhasn ' t been cleaned解析】详解】 本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤： 1. 确定时态：这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏，现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示过去 发生的事情持续到现在。 2. 确定语态：主语 it 与谓语 clea

6、n 为被动关系。句意： 窗户很脏。我知道，这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选D。6 Many artifactsfor the first time in the National Museum at present.Awere exhibited Bwere being exhibitedCare being exhibited D are exhibited【答案】 C【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根C。据时间状语“ at Present可知，句子描述现在正在进行的动作，主语artifacts与谓语exhibit之间是被动关系，故用现在进行

7、时的被动语态。故选7 Are we about to have dinner?Yes，itin the dining room.A serves B is servingC is being served D has been serving【答案】 C解析】 考查时态。因 serve 与 it(dinner) 是动宾关系，要用被动语态；由问句中的 are about to( 即将 ) have dinner和答语Yes可知，已 在"供应dinner 了，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。8Ain the area, resulting in the increasing numbe

8、r of natural disasters. is washed away B have washed awayQuantities of soilhave washed away D have been washed awayC【答案】 D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了，结果导致自然灾害数Do量增加。句中soil和wash away是被动关系，此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响, 故要用现在完成时，要用现在完成时的被动语态，故选9 . The plan for Xio ngan New Areaofficially on April 1,2017.A . an

9、nounced B . was announced C . announ ces D . is announ ced 【答案】B【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选Boin the10. 107. The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they sno wstorm.A. were trapping B . were being trappedC. are trapping D . are bein

10、g trapped【答案】B“be【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意：这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时，解放军 战士及时赶来营救。根据题干中的said判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态；根据短语 trapped in排除A和C；句中表示 被暴风雪困住的时候”故用过去进行时的被动语态，故 选Bo 点睛：对时态的选择，要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上，根据具体语境和题干中的时间 推断时态，同时关注特殊的结构。11. Local governmentsto strengthen water transport safety managementrecent fatalaccide nts.A. are

11、urging, followed B . are being urged, followingC. are urged, to follow D . urge, being followed 【答案】B【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意：最近接连发生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强 水路运输安全管理。urge sb. to do sth.，为固定搭配。敦促某人做某事 ”分析句意可知是A与D是错误的。事件已发生了事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系，故Bo,for the故不能用to follow作定语，following ,后面的，其次的，下列的。因此要用12. 103. When y

12、ou visit our town next August, a modern sports center Nati onal Games are to be held the n.A. will be con struct ing B . will have bee n con structedC. has bee n con struct ing D . is being con structed【答案】Bn ext【解析】考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意：明年八月当你访问我们城镇的时候，一个现代化的体育中心将已经被建成，因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据时间状语August ，排除 C，D

13、 两项，再根据 a modern sports center 和 construct 是被动关系，排除 A 项，用将来完成时态的被动语态。故选 B 项。13 Have you moved into the new house?Not yet. It .Ahas been built Bwas builtCis being built Dhad been built 【答案】解析】在建设。动关系，仍旧没有，它仍旧正 根据语境可知， It 指代上文提到的 the new house ，是第三人称单数，与 built 是被 用被动语态，结合句意， built 这一动作表示正在进行的动作。故选 C。考

14、查动词的时态和语态。句意：你搬进新家了吗？to be infected with the14 A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman bird flu virus.A confirmedB had been confirmedD have confirmedC was confirmed 【答案】 C解析】试题分析：句意：一例人感染 H7N9 病毒的报告发生在 2014 年，当时，一名女性被确诊感 染了禽流感。 Confirm 证实，确认，根据 was reported in 2014 可知，是过去的事情，先行 词是 201

15、4，定语从句也用一般过去时，排除B、D； woman 与 confirm 是动宾关系，即她是被确诊的，故选 C。考点：考查时态与被动语态15 The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.AtreatedBwere treatedCwould treatDwould be treated答案】 B解析】详解】考查时态和语态的用法。句意：在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。theguestsin the hotel是定语从句 U,修饰 The way, treat是从句的谓语动词

16、，与 treat 之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选The guestsB。16 I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn I . But my carA would; was fixedB would have; was fixed't you drive him there?D. did; was being fixedC. would have; was being fixed 【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：-我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送

17、他去那里呢？-我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示 本来想做但是没有做的事情，应该用would have done ;而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的Co时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选17. in a red dress, she was easy toin the big crowd at the air port.A. Being dressed; pick outB. Dressed; pick outC. Dressed; be picked out【答案】BD. Having dressed; pick outA. AttractedB. have

18、attracted【解析】【详解】 考查过去分词和动词短语。句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿着，作状语表状态，故用dressedo sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动意思，所以用 pick out。故B选项正确。【点睛】 主动形式表被动意义的不定式1. 主语+ be +adj. +to do。能用于此句型的形容词有：difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome（ 使人疲劳的）,interesting, nice, heavy, dangero

19、us, light, important, etc. 注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。2. 主语 +be +adj. + eno ugh +to do。3. 主语 +be +too +adj. +to do。4. 不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主 动形式表被动概念。I have a meet ing to atte nd today.5. There be句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。6. 在 疑问代词+不定式”结构中。7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动

20、含义。pick8. with+O.+to do结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。 分析句子可知，sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动含义，符合第一点用法。所以用 out。故B选项正确18. A number of foreigners.Oct.1".to watch the 70 th anniversary of the founding of the PRC on70D were attractedC was attracted 【答案】 D解析】 【详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意： 10 月 1 日，一些外国人被吸引来观看中华人民共

21、和国成立 周年纪念活动。分析句子可知， attract 是谓语动词，由时间状语 on Oct.1 可知，用一般过 去时，主语 foreigners 与 attract 是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语foreigners 是复数，故选 D。19 The letters for the bossA were put 【答案】 AB was puton his desk but he didn 't read them until 3 days later.D has putCput解析】分析】详解】 考查被动语态。句意：给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上，但是直到三天以后他才读了

22、那些信。letter信件”和put放”之间是被动的关系，所以排除C和D,然后因为letters是复数，谓语动词用 were put, 故选 A。20We didn 't play football yesterday.The amtch Awas canceled Bis canceledC has canceled D had canceled 【答案】 A【解析】match 和【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天我们没有踢足球，比赛取消了。根据句意可知，cancel 之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；由情，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。yesterday 可知，这是发生在过去的一件事

23、21 New energy-sharing projects in dozens of citie s across the country to fuel Chinasharing economy in the next few years.B are being carried outA are to carry outD will have been carried outC were carried out 【答案】 B解析】详解】考查时态及语态。句意：新的能源共享项目正在全国数十个城市开展，目的是给中国未来 几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知，表示新的能源共享项目正在城市中开展实施，才

24、能 给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。 New energy-sharing projects 与动词 carry out 是 被动关系，因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。 A. are to carry out 一般将来时的被动，表示 将实施， B. are being carried out 一般现在时的被动，表示正在被实施， C. were carried out 表示动作发生在过去，一般过去时的被动； D. will have been carried out 将来完成时的被 动。故选 B。22 As we know, it will still be some years befor

25、e all the metro lines in Suzhou operation.A will be put 【答案】 BB are putintoC will have been put D are being put解析】详解】B。考查动词时态语态。句意：据我们所知，距离苏州所有的地铁线路投入使用还有好几年。 all the metro lines 与 o operation 是被动关系，应使用被动语态；在时间状语从句 中，主句是一般将来时，遵循 “主将从现 ”的原则，所以从句用一般现在时。故选23 Neither Mary nor her parents A has in

26、formedof the exciting news, which surprises us a lot. B have informedC has been informedD have been informed答案】 D解析】【详解】 考查主谓一致及语态。句意：玛丽和她的父母都没被告知这个令人兴奋的消息， 很吃惊。根据句意可知，此处使用被动语态； neither no（r 既不，也不） 看离谓语动词最近的主语，这里 her parents 是复数，且是被告知，所以用这让我们有就近原则，只have beeninformed ，故选 D 项。【点睛】英语中常nor,not only -55

27、also ,本题考查就近原则。就近原则是指谓语动词的形式和离它最近的主语保持一致。见的就近原则的词或者短语有：notbut,or, either or,neitherthere be 句型， whether or ，例如：There is an apple and two bananas. 这有一个苹果和两根香蕉。Not only you but also your father likes fishing. 不仅你，而且你爸爸也喜欢钓鱼。24 Every possible means to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not cle

28、ar.A is usedBare usedChave usedDhas been used【答案】 D解析】【详解】 考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意：所有可能的方法都被用来防止空气污染，但天空仍 然不明朗。means当名词解释为"方法”，单复数同型，且 every+主语，谓语动词用单数； means 与动词 use 之间是被动关系，根据语境 “所有的方法都用了 ”，应该用现在完成时的 被动语态。故选 D。点睛】“ each/every单数名词+and+单数名词"等结构作主语当“each/every单数名词+and+单数名词"或“each/every单数名词+an

29、d+ each/every+单数名 词”结构作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：Each boy and each girl has been invited to the teaparty. 每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶 话会。The boy and the girl each have their own toys. 这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。25 They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficultA to solve【答案】 A【解析】B solvedC to be solvedD solvingbe

30、 difficult to do【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语sth.难以；很难 ”跟不定式，且在此结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那 么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。故用 to solve 形式。故选 A。26 Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns.B were promisedD have been promisedApromisedC have p

31、romised 【答案】 D【解析】 句意为：每年大量农民工涌入深圳，去寻找他们离乡前别人给他们许诺的挣钱的工作。此处农民工是 被许诺工作”需用被动语态，故排除 A和C两项；B项仅表一般过去时的被 动；D项表示已经被许诺”故选D。27 Beijing's new international airport spokesperson.Awas putinto use in September, 2019, according to theBwill putC has put 【答案】 DDwill be put【解析】试题分析：考查时态和语态。句意：按照发言人所说，北京的新国际机场将在2

32、019 年投入Do使用。根据句意可知，用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选 考点：考查时态和语态28. If the new safety systemto use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC. should be put D. would be put【答案】A【解析】【分析】详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生 了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done 形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故 A 项是正确的。【点

33、睛】英语中的三种语气，语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度。陈 述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹）祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告）虚拟语气：不 可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反的假设等.虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法真实条件句If you work hardyou ' II surely pass the e）虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很 小）If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.if从句的谓语动词主句谓语动词1.与现在事实相反动词过去式（ be 一律用 were） wouId/couId/migh

34、t/shouId+ 动词原形 2.与过去事实相反 had donewould/could/might/should+have done3. 与将来事实可能相反a.动词过去式（be 一律用were）b.should+动词原形（不能用 would）c.were to+动词原形would/could/might/should+ 动词原形与现在事实相反 if 从句：动词过去式（ be-were ）主 句： would/could/might/should+ 动词原形 If we had time, we would go with you.If I were you, I shouldn t do t

35、hat.If it weren t raining, we v与u过去事实相反 t afa从句：had done 主句： would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teac her hadn' t helped us, we couldn ' t have't been ill, he mighsucceeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadn have come.3.与将来事实可能相反if从句：a.动词过去式（be 一律用were

36、） b.should+动词原形（不能用 would）c.were to+动词原形主句：would/could/might/should+ 动词原形 If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.lf it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him. 错综时间条件句在虚拟

37、语气中，有时条件从句动作发 生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往 要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。 If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If you had followed the doctor' s advice then, you would be all right now.If youhad watered them more, the crops would be growing still better now.（ 有时时间会省略）含

38、蓄条 件句有时虚拟条件不用if条件从句，而用介词或介词短语来表示。They would not be ableto live without him.（如果没有） He would have failed but for his teacher' s（要ely advice.不是） =if it had not bee n forIf only you had worked with greater care!（ 要是就好了） Youwould have done the same thing in her position.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident. 虚拟结合条件句在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方 式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在。I was ill that day. Otherwise, I wouldhave taken part in the singing competition. （实虚）