从女性主义理论解读《飘》中郝思嘉的人物性格

1、UndergraduateThesis Classification No.: Confidential Grade:Thesis TopicAn Analysis on Scarlett of Gone with theWind with Feminism TheoryMajor & School： English School of Foreign Languages Students Name： Wang Dongqiu Class & Grade： Class 4 Grade 2008 Supervisor： Pan Yan April 6 th, 2012 吉林师范大学毕业论文（设计

2、）论文分类号： 密 级： 论文题目从女性主义理论解读飘中郝思嘉的人物性格学 院 专 业： 外国语学院 英语 学 生 姓 名： 王 冬 秋 年 级 班 级： 2008级4班 指 导 教 师： 潘 雁 （讲师） 2012年4月6日Abstract: Gone with the Wind is a masterpiece of Mitchell which presents the fighting spirit of women. It is set during the times of the Civil War in Atlantic. Take the southern social li

3、fe for the living environment of the panorama of the novel; it is also comprehensive displayed of the American southern social view and colorful characters change their fate in the great social change, by show the changing fortunes of different characters in the chaotic and complex social environmen

4、t, reveal a different character will inevitable move toward a different fate. The author uses the feminine unique perspective; subtle and profound described the central figure of Scarlett. Mitchell successfully portrayed the female character-Scarletts determination and her strong fighting spirit. Ex

5、periencing a baptism of cold war and hard suffering both in life and emotion, Scarlett shows the variety of her character. On the one hand, she is rebellious, strong, independent, smart, competent and her pursuits marital happiness and freedom dauntlessly. On the other hand, she is selfish, peacocki

6、sh, greed and like a paper tiger. The heroine Scarletts is a very complicated Southern female image; she is the most typical figure of character combination. She is the daughter of a southern manor, before the war, she was doted on by her father among many sisters, she need not worried about anythin

7、g of her live, so she developed a proud, rebellions, stubborn and selfish vanity character; when the war is coming, facing the marriage of Ashley and Melanie, she pouted to marry a man who she did not love and unfortunately died in the war, which she didnt sad at all. We can say that she is selfish

8、for love and totally disregard for the feelings of others; after the war, she experienced the independent innovation and struggle, and grow to become a multi-side and mature women, the combination of her multiple personality determined her tragic ending, for the romantic pursuit of love , for the li

9、fe of self-regard, pleasure pursuit, resulting in a double failure of her pursuit of love and material wealth. Scarletts character is mixed with unconscious awareness of women from the perspective of feminism, but actually, she is not a real feminist, because her dominant consciousness is still posi

10、tioned by the patriarchal society.Key Words: Feminism theory; Feminism criticism; the character; Female consciousness摘要:米切尔的飘是一部表现女性抗争精神的力作，这部作品创作于美国内战时期。以南方的社会生活为生活环境的全景社会小说。小说全面展现美国南方社会风貌以及各色人物在巨大的社会变革中的命运变迁，通过展现不同人物在混乱复杂的社会环境中的命运变化，揭示了不同的性格所必然走向的不同的命运安排。作者运用女性所特有的观察视角，细微而又深刻地描写了以斯佳丽为中心人物，小说成功地塑造了

11、坚毅有力、极富抗争精神的女性人物郝思嘉，在经历了战争的洗礼和感情生活的磨难之后，郝思嘉的性格表现出多样的特点，一方面，她叛逆、坚强、独立、智慧、精明、能干、大胆的追求婚姻幸福和自由；两一方面，她自私、贪慕虚荣、贪婪、外强中干。主人公斯佳丽是一个十分复杂的南方女性形象，也是性格组合的最具代表性的人物。她是一个南方庄园主的女儿，战前无忧无虑，父亲也十分溺爱她，在众多的姐妹之中，斯佳丽养成了高傲、叛逆、倔强和贪图虚荣的性格；战争来临，面对着艾西里和梅勒妮的婚姻，她赌气嫁给了她并不爱的男人，丈夫在战争中不幸死去，但她却没有丝毫的伤心，我们可以说她为爱表现得自私自利，全然不顾他人的感受；战争后，她经历了

12、自主创业与奋斗，斯佳丽成长成为一个性格多面且成熟的女人, 她的多种性格组合注定了她最后的悲剧结局，对于爱情的浪漫追求，对于生活的利己、享乐追求，导致了她对爱情和物质财富追求的双重失败。女权主义的角度看，郝思嘉的性格中带有无意识的女性意识，但是她并不是真正意义上的女权主义者，她意识中的主导仍是父权社会为她的角色定位。关键词：女性主义理论；女性主义批评；郝思嘉；人物性格；女性意识 目 录英文摘要中文摘要目 录I. Introduction1II. Feminist theory12.1 Feminism12.2 The scope of feminist theory2III.The Femini

13、st literary criticism33.1 Feminist of criticism33.2 The evolution of feminist criticism4IV. Character analysis of Scarlett in Gone with the Wind44.1 Writing background44.2 Scarlett-the whole image of the character5V. The many manifestations of the Scarlett OHara character65.1 Scarletts rebellious ch

14、aracter75.2 Independent and brave performance of Scarletts character95.3 Smart, wisdom, and capable of Scarlet105.4 Bold pursuit of freedom and marriage happiness115.5 Vanity, selfishness125.6 The greed characteristics of the Scarlett OHara135.7 Paper tiger13Conclusion14Reference15I. IntroductionAs

15、we all know, thousands of years, that male is always dominant the social development of all aspects whether in the west or in the east. It is a very common phenomenon to see women is controlled by men, everything should be listen to their husbands .they have no power to determined to do anything wha

16、t they want, while female always exist in the society in a subordinate position as “Second Sex”, wandering in the edge of the history. The Bible tells us that woman is created by a mans rib; it seems that since that moment on, woman becomes a part or accessories of man forever. They stayed in a lowe

17、r position compared to men. In the society of false imprisonment and oppression of the patriarchal authoritarian ideology, women are forced to be in the subsiding status without any choice. But with the rapid development of the society, womens self-consciousness is gradually awakening and they are e

18、ager to gain a place in the society, fighting for the respect and the rights to speak. They struggle for the equal right as men unyielding. The world literature is undoubted full of the characters of women fighting spirit when it is seen from the perspective of the feminist criticism. Scarlett in th

19、e work Gone with the Wind written by American writer Margaret Mitchell is a vivid representative. She is a very typical woman who can not negative. The novelist Mitchell is a supporter of the feminist movement in the world, her prototypes her grandmother who suffers the war baptism as a model, and c

20、reates the main character of Gone with the Wind Scarlett who is a young brave feminist heroine full of fighting spirit. She encourages millions of the people in the world to asking for the womens power. II. Feminist theoryFeminist or feminism is a social theory and political movement of which the or

21、iginal source and its motivation are female physical experience, social experience and individual experience. The premise basement of the feminism concept is that men are given more privileges compared to the women in the modern society. General speaking, the women are oppressed in the world and the

22、y are always discriminated, just as Simone de Beauvoir said, women are treated as The Second Sex. In the society, and it has become a common phenomenon in cross-culture and cross-history. In such an unreasonable society, women are in a lower statue than men either in politic, economy, culture, histo

23、ry or in ideology. Even in the private sphere such as family, women are still in the subsiding status of the men. As we all know women are given more work to do, especially in the aspect of the housework or child mind.Feminism is a complex and abundant theory. The term of feminism first appeared in

24、the France, means that womens liberation, and spread to Britain and the United States, becoming more popular, and then world-widely spread. The May Fourth Movement, spread to China, as a feminist, but in the 1920s to 1930s, women who in western countries basically to secure equal political rights, b

25、ut in the social life and mindset of the people, remain unequal to men. Feminist began to recognize which one gender relations, the issue of gender power, the Feminist Movement into the analysis of men and women why inequality, the power structure of men an women, focusing on gender analysis. Also r

26、ecognize that in China, talk about womens rights is not also required to have gender analysis. From feminism to feminism doesnt especially different, but the deepening of understanding. The original meaning of feminism is pursuit the equality of men and women in the legal protection and political ri

27、ghts. While in the developing process, the meaning of feminism is also constantly evolving and enriching. From the philosophical point of view, feminism is a branch of western concept individualism. With the development of industrial revolution, the concept of “individualism” and “all men are create

28、d equal” have been rooted in the bottom of peoples heart and later further consolidated. Oppositely, men in the society have been given more social rights than women, and the legitimate rights of women have been marginalized and excluded.Two centuries, the world experienced three times of the femini

29、st movement, but two climax movements, Western feminism is divided into three stages: the first generation of feminists occurred in the second half of the 19th century to the 20th century; the second generation of feminists also called Modern feminism occurred in the early 20th century to the 1960s;

30、 third the post-modern feminism happened in the 1960s to present. First-wave feminism refers to a period of feminist activity during the nineteenth century and early twentieth century in the United Kingdom and the United States. Originally it focused on equal rights of contract and property and oppo

31、sition to chattel marriage and ownership of married women (and their children) by husbands. Mary Wollstonecrafts Vindication of the Rights of Women is considered the seminal essay of feminism. By the end of the nineteenth century, activism focused primarily on gaining political power - the right of

32、womens suffrage, though feminists like Voltairine de Cleyre and Margaret Sanger were still active in campaigning for womens sexual and reproductive and economic rights at this time.This gave rise to the several womens liberation movement in the world history to fight various rights for women, includ

33、ing the rights to vote, right to education and right to women employment, and have a comprehensive liquidation of malison from the perspective of biology, individual experience, gender discourse, gender unconsciousness and social economy. In the process of womens liberation movements, a large number

34、 of feminist theory writing become the guide of these movements, such as the A House of British Woolf, The Second Sex-Women of French Simone de Beauvoir, The Feminism Mystique of American Betty, Fremont, Sexual Politic of Kate Millett and so on. Regardless of the difference of the different branches

35、 of feminism, they have the same goal: to achieve the equality of men and women truly for all mankind.III. The Usage of Feminism in LiteratureFeminist literary criticism is the products of the female liberation and feminist movements. Feminist criticism is one of the contemporary Western literary th

36、eories. Feminist literary criticism was born in the late 1960s; early 1970s in Europe and America still continue to develop. It is the Western feminist movement high and deep into the culture, literature results in the area, and thus has a distinct political tendency. It is a women-centered criticis

37、m, and its object of study, including womens image, female creations and female reading.3.1 Feminist of criticismFeminist literary criticism is the products of the liberation and feminist movements. Feminist criticism is one of the contemporary western literary theories .Feminist literary criticism

38、was born in the late 1960s; early 1970s in the Europe and America still continue to develop. It is the Western feminist movement high and deep into the culture, literature results in the area, and thus has a distinct political tendency .It is a women-centered criticism, and its object of study, incl

39、uding womens image, female creations and female reading. Feminist criticism in general is divided into Anglo-American camp and the French camp. In addition, black and lesbian women criticism, feminist criticism is also rich in unique content. Based on the feminist thought criticism heroically, Femin

40、ist criticism of the wide range of transformation in the development process and absorbed a great influence in the contemporary Western Marxism, psychoanalysis, deconstruction, new historicism of ideas and methods, reflecting the openness and enhance its subversive of the patriarchal culture. The fe

41、minist literary criticism start from the point of the difference of physiological sex (sex) and social sex (gender) ,and act by following rule ”from edge to center”. It is committed to the deep exploration of the origin of the secondary status of women in society, history and literary and the releva

42、nt relationship of society gender and literary text. It is criticized from the perspective of literature and art so as to dig out the female language, find the literary history of female, and rebuild the new theory of literary criticism. Though there are many branches of feminism, they attention som

43、e same social themes, such as gender, sex, class, classic, writer identity recognition, reproduction point of view, women reading, subjectivity, feminine traits, desires, male characteristics, physiological, family and so on. Demonist literary criticism use different ways to study these themes from

44、different angles.3.2 The evolution of feminist criticismFeminist literary criticism is in constant development, and the focus of criticism has also changed and developed. In the 1960s, the criticism focuses on the woman image. The feminist criticism combined the personal life experience with the tex

45、t by re-read the text and re-evaluates the portrayed woman image in the traditional literary work to reveal the social and historical roots to womens subordination in the traditional literature. In the middle 1970s, women centre became the criticism trend. Feminist critics challenged the women image

46、 in the literary work and dedicated to the creation of feminist literature and women aesthetic system. In the late 1970s, feminist critics committed to the creation of womens criticism, to explore the female aesthetic and the theoretical system of feminist literary criticism. In the 1980s, feminist

47、criticism directed at the criticism of identity. There are many tributary factions emerging the feminist literary criticism with the centre of national womens literature to explore the role of different race and gender in the interaction of cultural collision. IV. The Analysis of Scarlett in Gone wi

48、th the WindMargaret Mitchell spent nearly 10 years on the creation of Gone with the Wind which is her only work published in her life. Shortly before the creation of Gone with the Wind, American womens fight for their own liberation has achieved the victory. In 1920, the U.S. Congress passed a const

49、itutional amendment on womens suffrage, and since then, women can use her own right to vote in the U.S. political arena. So womens recognition of their status and their fight for their rights left a great influence on Mitchells creation.4.1 Writing backgroundThe main character in the novel Scarlett

50、is portrayed by the realistic model that is Mitchells grandmother Anne Stephen. Just like Scarlett, Mitchells grandmother experienced the baptism of war and married in Atlanta as a wartime bride. Stephen was born in a wealthy plantation family, so she often attended some big parties and city council

51、s. She hated those men who are idleness and have no jobs, at the same time; she was also a heroine in Atlantas high society. She always participate the feminist movements with Mitchell and actively guided the feminist movements. So on Mitchells creation of Gone with the Wind, she was greatly influen

52、ced by her mother, which is showed in the novel, because Gone with the Wind presents significant female tendencies4.2 Scarlett-the whole image of the characterHeroine Scarlet OHara in Gone with the Wind is a flesh aesthetic three-dimensional image of blood, In April, 1861, the United States on the e

53、ve of the civil war. In Georgia on the slaves of the plantation owners get rich plant social circle, people have been talking about the war, only scarlet dont care about these, she is concerned about her looks and how it would attract the mans look, exposed temperament, and the great feminist consci

54、ousness. Scarlet OHara was not beautiful, but men seldom realized it when caught by her charm as the Tarleton twins were. In her face were too sharply blended the delicate features of her mother. Scarlett is a pearl of Tara, when she was 16 years old, she entered the social arena, but in the age of

55、28 she became alone. During these 12 years, Scarlett has married three husbands, twice widowed, she has tried to revive the family business, and she is a truly beauty in the 19th century American society. The author devoted this women image to the vast era of social background of the American Civil

56、War and postwar reconstruction, to show the performance of her character in love, war, economic and family life to the readers from a different side, demonstrated her twists and turns of the mentality and colorful spiritual world, and successfully created a persistent image of women who face the ble

57、ak life, the mediocre, and pursuit of self-worth.Scarlett lived in a male dominated society as well as the civil war era. So she experienced so many sufferings, after these, she became indifferent, selfish, vanity, greed, many worship and so on. She cared less of the countrys fate; instead, she cares more about her own benefits. In order to get the money and wealth, she used all kinds of methods, even to sell her love and marriage. Additionally, she was lived under the patriarchal spirit for a long time, the female consciousness of her is gradually awakening, and she has a strong rebellio