初中虚拟语气讲解及专项练习与答案带解析

1、虚拟语气讲解语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。英语中的语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。直陈语气（indicative mood）,表示所说的话是事实。祈使语气（imperative mood）,表示所说的话是请求或命令。虚拟语气（subjunctive mood）,表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相 反的假设等。.虚拟语气在条件句中的应用学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句（或称虚拟条件句）两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述

2、语气。如： If it doesn ' train tomorrow, I will go for a picnic.假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。Oil floats if you pour it on water.你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。条件从句主句与现在事实相反If主语+动词过去式（be的过去式用 were）should (would, might , could)+动词原形与过去事实相反If主语+had+过去分词should ( would, might , could ) + h

3、ave +过去分词与将来事实可能相反If主语+动词过去式（be的过去式用were）; should + 动词原形； were to + 动词原 形should (would, might , could )+动词原形1.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式（be的过去式用were）,主句的谓语用should （would, might , could ） + 动词原形。如： If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。（事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。）If he c

4、ame here, he might be able to help you.如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。（事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用could ） + have 过去分词。had+ 过去分词，主句的谓语用should （ would, might如： She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.要是当初她被邀请的话，她就会去参加这次聚会了。（事实是：当时没有人邀请她，因此，她没有来参加聚会。表示后悔。）If she hadn't cal

5、led me, I would have overslept this morning.今天早上，她要是不叫我的话，我就会睡过头了。（事实是：她今天早上叫我了，我没有睡过头。表示感激。）3. 与将来事实可能相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式（be 的过去式用were） ； should 动词原形；were to 动词原形，主句用should （ would, might ， could ） +动词原形。如：If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French.明年我要是二十岁，我就

6、会学法语。（事实是：我现在已经老了，明年我学不了法语了。）If it should fail, I would try again. 要是失败了，我会再试一次。（ 事实是： 有可能失败，可我会再试。表示未知。）虚拟语气专练3.1 enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I the book from which it was made.A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading2 .You are late. If you a few minutes earlier you him.A.

7、 come ,would meet B. had come, would have metC. come, will meet D. had come, would meet3 .The two students talked as if they friends for years.A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been4.1 t is important that I with Mr. Williams immediately.A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak5.He look

8、ed as if he ill for a long time.A. was B. were C. has been D. had been6.1 f the doctor had come earlier the poor child would not .A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours7.1 wish that I with you last night

9、.A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone8.Let s say you could go there again how feelA. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you9.1 can t stand him. He always talks as though he everythin g.A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known10. the fog we should have reached our school.A. Be

10、cause of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for11.1 f you had told me in advance I him at the airport.A. would meet B. would had met C. would have met D. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish heme how.A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D.

11、 would teach13.1 would have told him the answer had it been possible but I so busy then.A. had been B. were C. was D. would be14.He s working hard for fear that he .A. should fall behind B. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fallen behind15.1 f it another ten minutes the game would have been ca

12、lled off.A. had rained B. would have rained C. have seenD. rained16 .He suggested that they use a trick instead of fighting.A. Should B. would C. do D. had17 .My father did not go to New York the doctor suggested that he there.A. not went B. won t go C. not go D. not to go18.1 would have gone to the

13、 meeting if I time.A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had19 .Would you rather I buying a new bikeA. decided against B. will decide against C. have decided D. shall decide against20 .You look so tired tonight. It is time you A. go to sleepB. went to sleep C. go to bed D. went to bedenough mo

14、ney.21. Why didn t you buy a new car I wo uld have bought one if IA. had B. have had22.1 f she could sew .A. she make a dressC. she will make a shirtC. would have D. had hadB. she would have made a shirtD. she would had made a coat23. today he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leave B. Was he le

15、aving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves 24.His doctor suggested that he a short trip abroad.A. will take B. would take C. take D. took25.The Bakers arrived last night. If they d only let us know earlierat the station.A. we d meet themB. we ll meet themC. we d have met themD. we ve met them26.1 f I

16、 you I more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was, shall pay B. am, will pay C. would be, would pay D. were, would pay27 .We might have failed if you us a helping hand.A. have not given B. would not give C. had not given D. did not give28 .The law requires that everyone his car checked at l

17、east once a year.A. has B. had C. have D. will have29.1 t is strange that he so.A. would say B. would speak C. should say D. will speak30 .Had I known her name A. or does she know mine B. and where does she liveC. she would be beautiful. D. I would have invited her to lunch.31 .He has just arrived b

18、ut he talks as if he all about that.A. know B. knows C. known D. knew32.1 f I the money I would have bought a much bigger car.A. possessed B. owned C. had D. had had33 .He was very busy yesterday otherwise he to the meeting.A. would come B. cameC. would have come D. will come34 .The librarian insist

19、s that John no more books from the library before he returns all thebooks he has borrowed.A. will take B. took C. take D. takes35.1 left very early last night but I wish I so early.A. didn t leaveB. hadn t left C. haven t left D. couldn t leave36.1 do not have a job. I would find one but I no time.A

20、. had B. didn t have C. had had D. have37.1 wish that you such a bad headache because I m sure that you would have enjoyed theconcert.A. hadn t B. didn t have had C. hadn t had D. hadn t have38 .He insisted that we all in his office at one o clock.A. be B. to be C. would be D. shall be39 . - Helen c

21、ouldn t go to France after all.-That s too bad. I m sure she would have enjoyed it if .A. she s gone B. she ll go C. she d gone D. she d go40.1 must go there earlier. John has suggested that I an hour before the discussion begins.A. go B. shall go C. will go D. would go11 15 CDCAA16 20 ACAAD1 5 BBDA

22、D6 10 DDCAD21 25 DBCCC26 30 DCCCD31 35 DDCCB36 39 DCAC解析：1 .wish 后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。2 . 条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时，从句用过去完成时。3 .as if 后面如果表示真实情况就不用虚拟。4.It is important that 是主语从句的虚拟语气，从句用sb. should do 的形式。5.as if 后面是真实情况，不虚拟。6.lain 是 lie 的过去分词，表示“躺 ”。7 .could have done 表示 “本来可以”。8 . 与将来相反的虚拟语气，主句用过

23、去将来时。9 .as if 表示不可能发生的事情时用虚拟语气。10 .but for表示 要不是的话”，通常与虚拟语气搭配使用。11 .in advance 表示 “事先 ”，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。12 .wish 的宾语从句表示发生在将来的愿望用过去将来时。13 .but 的并列句表示真实情况，不用虚拟语气。14 .for fear that 后面的状语从句用sb. should do 的形式。15 . 表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时，从句用过去完成时。16 .suggest 后面的宾语从句用sb. should do 的形式。17 .suggest 后面的从句用sb. shou