2020版新高考英语二轮复习京津鲁琼版练习：专题一阅读理解第二部分第四讲专题强化训练

1、 专题强化训练词句猜测题一一词义猜测题（建议用时：25 分钟）A（2019 湖北八校高三联考）The pumpkin（南瓜）theme is everywhere atButler Oschard in Germantown, Maryland. It has thousands of pumpkins, in cludi nga pumpk in patch where people can pick their own pumpk in. There are also otherthings to do, like ridi ng a pony, rush ing dow n a slid

2、e or walk ing around a corn maze with its confusing windingpathways. Some children discover the big orange fruits way more tha n they think. Visitors can pick their own inseas on fruits, vegetables and flowers. Butler s Orchard opened more than sixty years ago, as one of the firstpick your own farms

3、 in the area.Ken Merriam broug ht his children. He says Butler OBchard brings back good memories of growing up ona farm in Honduras. It s a little bit of what I used to have as a kids。that s why I think it s nice to bring themover here. Get them out of the city. ” Shirley Butler s grandchildren who

4、are in their 30s are now the thirdgeneration to run the farm. General manager Tyler Butler says childre n who usually only see pumpk ins ingrocery stores can lear n how pumpk ins are grow n.“I didnt know pumpkins came from a vine. There are flowers on this vine. There are roots.”These littlegirls ar

5、e learning about pumpkins during their first trip to a pumpkin patch to feel the n ature and the fruits. ForTrista n Piazzathe Fall Fessivaotheup ann ual event.“Myparents have always brought me. I bring my kid now. I hope he stays in the area and he can bring his kids. ”Since family funds are hard t

6、okeep_afloat these days, Tyler Butler appreciates the tens of thousands of visitorswho come to the Fall Festival each year.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了Butler 自助果园的一些活动项目和它对于他人的家庭所起到的独一无二的作用。1. At Butler s Orchard, visitors can experienee_A.picking vegetables in personB.growing vegetables by themselvesC.tasti ng fr

7、uits off seas onD.selling pumpkins onlineA解析：细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句 Visitors canpick their own in season fruits, vegetables and flowers. ”可知，游客可以在 Butler 果园里亲自采摘当令的水果、蔬菜和鲜花。故选 A 项。2 Why did Ken Merriam take his children to the farm?A They want to run it.B They want to grow vegetables.C It reminds him of h

8、is childhood.D It provides them with fun activities.C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句memories of growing up on a farm in Honduras. 他的童年。故选 C 项。3 Which of the following best explainsA Guarantee.CExpand.A 解析：词义猜测题。根据对画线短语所在句的理解可知，本句是说果园的经营者对来 果园参加节日活动的游客表示感激，因为这些日子果园的资金有些周转不开，由此可推知，画线短语和 guarantee 保证”含义相近。故选 A 项。4W

9、hat s the main idea of the passage?A The Fall Festival is an annual event.B Pumpkins at Butler s Orchard are organic.C Pick your own farms are increasingly popular.DButlers Orchard strengthens the bond of the family.D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了 Butler 果园的一些活动项目和它 在巩固他人家庭关系上发挥的作用。故 D 项最能概括文意。长难句分析 It ha

10、s thousands of pumpkins, including a pumpkin patch where people can pick their ownpumpkin.（ 第一段第二句 ）分析： 本句是一个主从复合句。 主句是 It has thousands of pumpkins, 后面的动名词短语作 状语，状语中含有 where 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 a pumpkin patch, where 在从句中作地点状语。译文： 这个果园有成千上万的南瓜，包括一个南瓜地，在那里人们可以采摘他们自己的 南瓜。“ He says Butler s Orchard brings b

11、ack good可知，他带孩子来这里是因为这里让他想起了“ keep afloat ” underlined in the last paragraph?B Earn.D Spend.际上遭遇暂时的挫折，但是其消费者业务持续增长，故选D。that have hit Huawei over the past few mon ths ”，和对第一段的整体理解可推知，尽管华为在国（2019 贵阳高三适应性考试一）Despite the negative international headlinesthat have hit Huawei over the past few mon ths, its

12、 con sumer bus in ess con ti nuesto thrive. The Chin ese tech no logy gia nt replaced Apple as the sec ondargestsmartphone player by global market share last year. It s firmly the biggest vendor（销售商）in China.HUAWEIChin ese con sumers say theyve bee n attracted toHuaweis n ewest featutee, price point

13、s andthe fact that it s a domestic brand. “Using Huawei s mobile phones is supporting domestic brands.We hope our brands can go international, ” Vikey, a Guangzhou- based Huawei user, told CNBC. Sheadded that Huawei phones are “cost-effective ” and have good features while iPhones are a trend ” .One

14、 of the key features that Huawei introduced was a triple-lens camera on its P20 Pro, which was launched last year.For the next 12 mon ths, the iPh one lacks one of the most appeali ng features of curre nt winners inthe Chinese smartphone market, the triple - lens camera. The Huawei P20 Pro led the m

15、arch.Retailers（零售商）are slashing iPhone prices across China as consumers say the phones arenmore ofworth the cost. Apples latest iPhone models are facing huge discounts in China as retailers try to sellthe struggling devices. That comes as the top- of-the-line Apple smartphones have posted poor China

16、sales on what experts say are too-high prices for the world s largest smartphone market and a lack ofinno vative features compared to local competitors like Huawei. The tech no logy gia nt itself ack nowledged earlier this mon th that un expectedly low sales in the Chin ese market would likely lead

17、toworse-tha n-an ticipated first quarter profits.One of the most recent iPhone cost cuts in the country came from Suning, a large Chineseretailer, which changed the price of the 128GB version of the iPhone XR from 6, 999 yuan to 5, 799yuana 1, 200 yuan discount.Other retailers in China are also putt

18、ing their iPhones on sale. Sunion, an Apple reseller, wasadvertising 700 yuan off for both the 128GB and 256GB versions of the iPhone XR. E - commerce site Pinduoduo, which allows third - parties to sell products, also had hefty（ 很大的）disco unts across all of thelatest iPh one models.【解题导语】 中国通信科技巨头华

19、为占领了手机市场。5. What does the underlined wordthrive ” probably mean in the first paragraph?A. Reduce.B. Rema in.C. Threaten.D. In crease.D 解析：词义猜测题。结合第一段第一句中的Despite the n egative intern ati onal headlines6 Which of the followin g is one of the Huawei srsc?haracteA More of a trend.B Cost- effective.C To

20、o- high prices.D A lack of innovative features.B 解析：细节理解题。 根据第二段中的 “ She added that Huawei phones are cost-effective and havegood features while iPhones are more of a trend” 可知， 华为手机有成本效益， 故 选 B 。7 Which of the following is a medium?A Suning.B Sunion.CCNBC.D Pinduoduo.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “ Using Huaw

21、ei s mobile phones is supporting domestic brands.We hope our brands can go international ，Vikey, a Guangzhou - based Huawei user, told CNBC. ”可推知，CNBC 是一个新闻媒体。8 What can we infer from the text?A Updating of technology counts.B Advertising of the products matters.C The sale strategy is invisible.D Th

22、e iPhone still leads the trend in China.A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第三句“ That comes as the top- of- the- line Applesmartphones have posted poor China sales on what experts say are too- high prices for the world s largestsmartphone market and a lack of innovative features compared to local competitors like Huawe

23、i. ”可推知，技术革新是非常重要的，不革新就会落后于其他品牌，甚至被淘汰，故选A。长难句分析 That comes as the top- of- the-line Apple smartphones have posted poor China sales on whatexperts say are too-high prices for the world s largest smartphone market and a lack of innovative featurescompared to local competitors like Huawei.（ 第四段第三句 ）分析：

24、 本句是一个复合句。 as 引导原因状语从句； what 引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语。译文： 这样的结果是由业内顶端的苹果智能手机在中国这个正如专家所说的世界上最大 的智能手机市场上售价太高，销量低迷，同时与诸如华为这样的当地竞争对手相比缺乏创新性特点而造成的。（2019 湖北八校高三第二次联考）ln 2015, a man named Nigel Richardsmemorized 386 , 000 words in the entire French Scrabble Dietionary in just nineweeks. However, he does not speak Fr

25、en ch. Richards impressive feat is a usefulexample to show how artificial in tellige nee works real Al. Both of Richard and Altake in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certainfield.The pote ntial applicati ons for Al are extremely excit ing. Be

26、cause Al can outperform huma ns at routinetasks provided the task is in one field with a lot of data it is technically capable of replaci ng hun dreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.But not every job will be replaced by Al. l n fact, four types of jobs are not a

27、t risk at all. First, there arecreative jobs. Al needs to be given a goal to optimize. lt cannot invent, like scientists, no velists and artists can.Second, the complex, strategic jobs executives, diplomats, econo mists go well beyond the Al limitation ofsingle- field and Big Data. Then there are th

28、e as - yet- unknownjobs that will be created by Al.Are you worried that these three types of jobs won t employ as many people as Al will replace? Not to worry,as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emoti ons are n eeded, such as teachers, nannies and doctors.These jobs require compassi on, tr

29、ust and sympathy which Al does not have. And even if Al tried to fake it,nobody would want a robot telling them they have cancer, or a robot to babysit their childre n.So there will still be jobs in the age of Al. The key the n must be retrai ning the workforce so people can dothem. This must be the

30、 resp on sibility not just of the gover nment, which can provide fun ds, but also of corporations and those who ben efit most.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能给人类带来的益处以及人 工智能的前景。9.What is the main purpose of paragraph 1?A . To introduce the topic.B.To mention Nigel s feat.C. To stress the importanee of go

31、od memory.D. To suggest humans go beyond Al in memory.A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可推知，本段通过介绍Richards 熟记法语词典的事迹引出了文章的主题，即人工智能的益处。故正确答案为A。10. Which of the following best explainsoutperform ” underlined in paragraph 2?A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句中的“it is technically capable of replacinghundreds of millions of white and b

32、lue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so ”可知，在未来 15 年左 右，人工智能在技术方面可能会替代数亿个白领和蓝领的工作。由此可推知，此处 outperform 应意为“胜过，比做得好”。故正确答案为 A。11 Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?A The writer.B The shop assistant.CThe babysitter.D The psychologist.B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三、四段内容可知，人工智能无法取代创造性的工作、复

33、 杂而富有策略的工作以及需要投入情感的工作。由此可推知，店员这一工作职业最有可能被 取代。故正确答案为B。12 What does the text suggest people do about job replacement of AI?A Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.B Get more support from the government.C Apply for the donation from companies.D Upgrade themselves all the time.D 解析： 推理判断题。 根据最

34、后一段第二句“The key then must be retraining the workforceso people can do them.可推知，在人工智能时代，人类所能做的就是不断提升自己来适应时代 的变化。故正确答案为D。长难句分析 Because AI can outperform humans at routine tasks provided the task is in one field with alot of data it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and b

35、lue collar jobs in the next 15years or so.（ 第二段第二句 ）分析：本句是一个主从复合句。Because 引导原因状语从句；provided 引导条件状语从句。译文： 由于人工智能在常规性工作中优于人类 假如这一工作在一领域中有许多数据 那在未来的15 年左右，它在技术上可以取代数亿个白领和蓝领的工作。词句猜测题 代词指代题（建议用时： 25 分钟 ）A Besuperior to. CBesimilarto.B Be equal to.D Be related to.（2019 绵阳第一次诊断）When I was a kid, I was the

36、girl who kept the training wheelson my bike as long as possible. Even my youn ger sister had got rid of them much earlierthan me. But as I began to grow older, this changed.All this happe ned on the Bike Safety Day. It is supposed to be a fun day at schoolwhe n all of us kids bring our bikes to scho

37、ol and the school provides us with the opportunity to ride outside and learn proper bike safety. Sounds like fun, right? No. In fact, itcaused me to panic. What was I going to say whe n my friends asked me about my training wheels?With the pressure of every one see ing my training wheels, I determ i

38、ned to let them go. This was the first bigchange I d ever made on my own.I went to my parents and told them all about my dilemma. They were more than happy to help. We wentoutside and got my bike. In stead of running away and hidi ng beh in d, I stood in front of my bike and took greatpride in my de

39、cision as my dad removed the training wheels.I got on and steadied myself. My heart raced but my feet and hands were calm. My dad started to pushbefore my feet even moved and sudde nly I was off. The fear faded away and a relaxed mind came into its place.It was crazy to think how quickly I learned s

40、omething that took so long for me to eve n try!My con fide nee soared （高涨） .This was going to be the start of a brand new world for me. My accomplishment would carry me forth to new goals and wi ns. I realized that if I set my mi nd on doing someth in g, I couldachieve it.【解题导语】本文讲述了作者小时候迟迟不敢去掉自行车的稳

41、定轮，在学校“自行车 安全日”来临之前因为害怕同学看见她的稳定轮而最终下决心去掉它们。1.What does the school expect the students to do on Bike Safety Day?A.Have their bikes checked.B.Ride outside for fun.C.Acquire bike safety skills.D.Remove the training wheels.C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的the school provides us with the opportu nity to rideoutside and

42、 learn proper bike safety可知，学校想让学生在“自行车安全日”学会一些自行车安全技能，故选 C 项。D 解析：代词指代题。根据语境及画线所在句的前半部分seeing my training wheels ”可知，作者迫于害怕别人看见自己的自行车稳定轮的压力才决心去掉 它们，故画线词指的就是 “ 稳定轮 ”，故选 D 项。3 What happened when the author finally rode without the training wheels?A She felt extremely embarrassed.B Everything turned o

43、ut to be easy.C She ended up falling down.D Her sisters followed her example.B 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句 “ It was crazy to think how quickly I learned something thattook so long for me to even try ！” 可知，长时间不敢尝试的东西，作者竟 学得很快，由此对于作者来说骑没有稳定轮的自行车后，事情变得容易了，故选 B 项。4 What does the author think is necessary for h

44、er to achieve a goal?A Patience.B Determination.CPressure.D Concentration.B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“I realized that if I set my mind on doingsomething, I could achieve it. ” 可知，作者意识到如果自己下定决心做一件事的话，自己就会做 到。由此可推知，作者认为对于她来说实现一个目标的关键在于决心，故选 B 项。长难句分析 When I was a kid, I was the girl who kept the training wh

45、eels on my bike as long as possible.（ 第一段第一句 ）分析： 本句是一个主从复合句。 I was the girl 为句子的主干；句中 When 引导时间状语从 句； who 引导定语从句修饰 the girl 。译文： 当我还是个孩子的时候，我是那个把自行车的稳定轮尽可能长时间地留在我的自 行车上的女孩。B（2019 安徽皖北协作区高三联考）About 1.5 billion people speak English around the world. But for morethan 1.1 billion of them, English is th

46、eir second languageoften with a noticeable accent.2. What does the underlined wordA . The author s friends.B.The author s parents.C.The safety problems.D.The trai ning wheels.them” in paragraph 3 refer to?With the pressure of everyone“Someones accent really reveals a lot about who they are and their

47、 identity. It will tell people what theirnative language is and probably where they come from ， ” says Marc Pell, a communications professor at McGillUniversity in Montreal. And according to Pell, one reaction toit can be a bias（偏见）against that person.Previous research that has bee n done elsewhere

48、showed that people who have an acce nt tend to betrusted less, simply because they have an accent. But accents aren t the only thing we listen for whe n we haveto decide if we trust ano ther pers on. Tone of voice also plays a role. Pell and his team wan ted to know if peoplewould trust a con fide n

49、t tone, even if it came from some one with an acce nt.The researchers had Canadian English speakers listen to different versions of people saying neutral（无明显特性的 ）statements like “ she has access to the buildingwewhgettiTy abrain sca n in an MRI（ 磁共振成像 ）mach ine. Subjects heard some one say it with a

50、 con fide nt tone with a Canadia n En glish acce nt, an Australia n acce nt or a French acce nt. Participa nts also heard the sentence with thethree acce nts spoke n in a doubtful or n eutral tone.The MRI sca ns showed that the participa nts had to use more brain power to decide if they could trust

51、thestatements said with the non-native accents. When the study participants heard the Australia n or French accents, blood flow in creased to the part of the brain that we use to process sound. They seemed to have to an alyzethat perhaps more carefully, or for a Ion ger period of time to make this d

52、ecision about whether they truly believedthe speaker, especially when the speaker sounded doubtful. When asked, the participants reported not trustingeither Australian or French acce nts except whe n the stateme nts were said con fide ntly. It seems that con fidenee speaks for itself.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。

53、虽然人们会因一个人的口音而对他产生一定的偏见，但是只要他说话时很自信，也同样会赢得人们的信任。5. What does the underlined worditin paragraph 2 refer to?A. A pers ons acce nt.B. A pers ons ide ntity.C. A pers ons hometow n.D. A pers ons n ative Ian guage.A解析：代词指代题。根据第二段内容可知，Marc Pell 认为，人的口音能透露出一个人的身份和母语，还有可能揭示他来自哪里，人们可能会因一个人的口音而对他产生一定的偏 见。由此可推知，

54、it指的是“一个人的口音”。故正确答案为 A。6.What did Pell s team want to know?A . Why some people trust others less.B.Which parts of the brain deal with sound.C. What can cause a bias against nor- natives.D. Whether a non - n ative s con fide nt tone can gain trust.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Pell and his team wan ted to kn o

55、w if peoplewould trust a con fide nt tone, eve n if it came from some one with an acce nt. ” 可知，Pell 的团队想知道人们是否会信任带有口音的自信语调。故正确答案为D。7.For the study participa nts, which of the follow ing might dema nd the most brain power?A . A Canadian speaking English in a friendly way.B.A French person speaking E

56、nglish neutrally.C. An America n speak ing En glish con fide ntly.D. An Australian speaking English doubtfully.D 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段第一至第三句“The MRI scans showed that theparticipa nts had to use more brain power to decide if they could trust the stateme nts said with the non-n ativeacce nts.They seemed to

57、have to an alyze that perhaps more carefully, or for a Ion ger period of time to makethis decision about whether they truly believed the speaker, especially when the speaker sounded doubtful. ”可知，当面临用迟疑的语气说出的带口音的话语时，参与者需要耗费更多的脑力去判断其是否可信。由此可推知，在面对一位用迟疑的语气说英语的澳大 利亚人时，人们需要耗费更多的脑力去判断其是否可信。故正确答案为D。8.Wher

58、e does this text most probably come from?A . A research plan.B . A health magazine.C . An academic journal.D . A Ianguage- learning guide.C 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究成果，即虽然人们会因一个人的口音而对他产生一定的偏见，但是只要他说话时很自信，也同样会赢得人们的信任。由此可推知，本文最有可能摘自一本学术杂志。故正确答案为Co长难句分析 Previous research that has been done elsewhere

59、showed that people who have an accenttend to be trusted less, simply because they have an accent.第三段第一句 ）分析：本句是一个复合句。第一个that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词research；第二个 that引导宾语从句；who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词people; because 引导原因状语从句。译文：先前在别处做的研究表明有口音的人往往不太被信任，仅仅是因为他们有口音。C（2019 安徽百所重点中学三模）Along with the progress of reform and ope

60、ningup, the Chin ese film in dustry has also made remarkable achieveme nts and become in a flourishing（繁荣的）state in economic growth. It has recorded social changes in the past decades through the medium ofthe film. The filmChina has been much better than that of North America, becoming the largest i