英文合同常用词汇

1、英文合同常用词汇第一节 合同常用词(Usual Wording)(1)当大量接触英文合同， 就会发现英文合同中有些词或短语出现的频率非常高， 往往影响或决 定了对合同的准确理解，下面就分门别类从常见实词和常见虚词两个方面进行具体介绍：一、英文合同常用虚词(Usual Function Words)1Here/there/where+介词构成的古体词基本规则 ：Here代 表this，there代 表that，where代 表which或what即here/there/where+介词=介词+this/that/which or whatHereby: by means of; by reaso

2、n of this.特此，由此，兹等意。例句：The Buyer hereby orders from the Seller the undermentioned goods subject to the followingconditions:买方向卖方订购下列商品，条件如下：Herein：in this。此中，于此。例句：The minimum royalty herein specified shall be paid by Party B to Party A.在此规定的最低特许权使用费应由乙方付给甲方。Hereinafter: later in the same Contract.以

3、下，在下文。通常与to be referred to as, referred as, called连用。例 句 ：This Agreement is made and concluded on _, (date)_ (year), by andbetween_ (hereinafter called Party A) on the one hand and _(hereinafter called Party B) onthe other hand.本协议书于 _年_月_日由 _(以下简称甲方)为一方，与 _(以下简称乙方)为另一方签订。Hereof：of this。关于此点，在本文件中。H

4、ereunder：under this.本文件规定。例句：Both parties agree to attempt to resolve all disputes between the parties with respect to theapplication or interpretation of any term hereof of transaction hereunder, throughamicable negotiation.合同双方就本合同规定交易任一条款的适用和解释所产生的所有争议同意力求通过友好协商 予以解决。Hereto：to this.本文件的。Thereof：o

5、f that.它的，其。Thereto：to that与之，向那里。例句： “Licensed Products”means the devices and products described in Schedule 1 annexed heretotogether with all improvement and modification thereof or development with respect thereto.“特许产品”系指在本协议附件1中所述的装置和产品， 及其全部改进和修改的产品和与之相关的产品。Herewith：with this.与此，附此。Thereby：by

6、that means.因此，由此，从而例句：In any one or more of the provisions contained in this Contract or any document executed inconnection herewith shall be invalid of unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law, thevalidityand enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not in anyw

7、ay be affected thereby.如果根据现行法律， 本合同及与此有关文件中有一项或多项条款被视为无效或不能履行， 本 合同其余条款的效力和履行将不因此受影响。Thereafter: after that，afterwards.此后例句：The Contract for the contractual joint venture shall continue from a periodof two years thereafter.本合作经营企业合同，此后应持续有效两年。Therein: in that; in that particular context; in that re

8、spect.在那里；在那点上；在那方面。例句：The Leased Premises are deemed to be fit for occupation when the building therein issubstantiallycompleted.当在那里的建筑物实质完成时，该租赁房屋才认为适合占有居住。Therewith：with that.以此；此外。例句：The Employer shall indemnify and save harmless the Contractor against and from the same andagainst and from all

9、claims, proceedings, damages, costs, charges and expenses whatsoever arisingthere out or in connection therewith.业主应赔偿所有索赔、诉讼、损害赔偿、支出、花费、费用，不论因本合同产生或与其相关，并保证承包人免于承担上述责任。Whereby: by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions, etc.凭 此 协 议，凭此条款等。例句：This Agreement is madeand concluded by and b

10、etween AACorporation （hereinafter referred toasParty A） and BB Company （hereinafter referred to as Party B） whereby the Parties hereto agree toenterinto the compensation trade under the terms and conditions set forth below:本 协议由AA公司（以下简称甲方）和BB公司（以下简称乙方）签订。双方同意按下列条款进行补偿贸易。 （本句中 省略未译）2WITNESSETH, Wher

11、eas, Now Therefore, NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS, Know All Men bythese presents，In witness Whereof, In Testimony Whereof, Undersigned.24WITHNESSETHW, hereas, NowTherefore用于英文合同前言部分，In witness Whereof用 于合同结尾证明部分，在第二章篇章结构特点中已有涉及，恕不赘述。In Testimony Whereof: in Witness Whereof.以此为证，特立此证。例句：In Testimony Whe

12、reof we havehereto signed this Document on _ （date）accepted on _（date）.我方于_年_月_日签署本文件，并于_年_月_日接受该文件，特此为证。NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNES兹:特立约为据,本句话也是用于WHEREAS条款之后弓I出具/、体协议事项。例句：NOWTHESEPRESENTSWITNESSthat it is hereby agreed between the parties hereto as follows:兹特立约为据，并由订约双方协议如下：KNOW ALL MEN by these pre

13、sents:根据本文件，特此宣布。 （通常用于前言部分） 例句：KNOWALLMENby these presents that we_ （banks name）having our registeredoffice at_ （hereinafter called“the Bank”） will be bound unto _（the Owners name）（hereinafter called“the Owner”） in the sum of _ for payment well and truly to be made to the saidOwner, the Bank willbi

14、nd itself, its successors and better assignee by these presents.根据本文件，兹宣布，我行， （银行名称） ，其注册地点在（以下简称本银行）向（业主名称） （以下简称本业主）立约担保支付（金额 数）的 保证金。本保证书对本银行及其继受人和受让人均具有约束力。Undersigned:法律文件末尾的签名者,前面加定冠词the,是指文件签署者的自称。例句：The undersigned Seller and Buyer have agreed to close the following transaction in accordance

15、withthe terms and conditions stipulated as follows:兹经签约的买卖双方同意，按下列条款，达成这笔交易。3Notwithstanding: in spite of, despite.即使，尽管。例1：Notwithstanding anyother provisions to the contrary herein, insurancecoverage and limits shall besubject to approval of all the parties.即使有与本合同相悖的规定，保险范围和责任限制应以合同各方同意为准。例2：Notw

16、ithstanding Article , the parties may agree to extend the Expiration date to such date as isreasonable in the circumstances if any of the conditions precedent referred to in Article is not satisfiedor waived on or before the Expiration Date, any such agreement or waiver to be in writing.尽管有本合同第二条第二款

17、规定， 如果上述第二条第一款规定的先决条件在合同期满日之前既未实现又未 放弃，合同各方亦可根据具体情况，约定合理延长合同的期满日。4As合同英语中as出现的频率极高， 而且用法灵活多变， 是典型的自由人。 在某种意 义上讲，as使用的熟练程度可以衡量合同英语的造诣。具体用法和含义见以下实例：As放在代表规定的provide，stipulate，set forth，prescribe等词的过去分词前，含 义为“依照某某25规定”。例1：For purpose of this, Capital Account shall be adjusted hypothetically as provided

18、 for in Sectionherein.基于此，应依照本合同第四条第六款调整资金账户。例2：based on their respective Venture interests as set forth in Section hereof.基于本合同第五条第 二款规定的各方在合资公司中的权益。另有Except as otherwise provided结构，表示“除非本文/某条款另有规定” 。例句：Except as otherwise provided herein, all notices or demandssent by registered airmail shall bede

19、emed received 8 days after they have been sent and notices or demands sent by telex shall bedeemed received at the time of the dispatch thereof.除非本合同另有规定，所有通知和请求以航空挂号信寄出则 发出后8日应视为送达收悉，以电传方式发出则在发送时视为收悉。As构成as the case may be（视具体情况而定） ，as the case may require（视具体要求而定）和as theVenturers may determine等短语。

20、例句：The Venture may relocate its office from time to time or have additional offices as the Venturersmay determine.该合资公司视投资者决策，可随时迁址或增添营业场所。As构成as of the date of _ （date）短语是英语合同中表示“自某年某月某日起”最正式的表达。例句：In witness whereof, the parties have caused this instrument to be duly executed as of the day andyear

21、 first above written.合同双方签订本文件， 该文件自以上书就日期即时生效， 特 此为证。As还用在as soon as practical短语中，意义用法相当于as soon as possible.例句：During the Employment Period, the Company agrees that it shall recommend to the Board theelection of the Employee as a Director of the Company on the Commencement Date or as soon aspracti

22、cal thereafter.本公司同意在聘用期间， 应自本协议开始或其后尽早的时间向董事会推选受聘 方为本公司董事。As与such连用是英文合同中一大特色，参看本书第二章第三节部分，在此不在赘述。5. foregoing, aforesaid, the said, aforementioned, above-mentioned, in questionForegoing, aforesaid, the said, aforementioned, above-mentioned词前作限定，意为“前述的”或“上述的” ，为避免重复已经提到的姓名或名称。例1：The Bank shall give

23、 prompt written or telex notice to the Borrower of theInterest Rate in effect fromtime to time in accordance with the foregoing sentence.本银行将根据前述的句子以书面或电传形式随时及时通知借款方生效的利率。例2：The contract shall be written in Chinese and in _ . Both languageversions are equallyauthentic. In the event of any discrepanc

24、y between the two aforementioned versions, the Chineseversion26 shall prevail.本合同应以中文和_文书就，具同等法律效力。前述两种文本如有歧异，以 中文文本为准。In question: under consideration; being talk about.通常表示“在考虑或讨论中的” 某件事或某个问题，可译为“这”或“该”问题。例 句 ：All prices to be paid by the Buyer under its obligations of the buyback/counter-purchase

25、 Contractshall be the world market prices taking into account the other delivery terms for the goods in question.买方根据返销或回购货物合同的义务所支付的价格应为世界市场价格， 结合考虑该货物的其他 交货条 件。6. follows, as below, the following这一族都表示“下列” ，一般放在动词后，而the following作为“下列”在英文合同中用 的较少。这样的例子俯手皆是，恐怕每个英文合同都少不了的。NOW THEREFORE, the parties

26、hereby covenant and agree as follows;为此，双方达成契约，约定如下：一族，一般放在名NOW THEREFORE, it is hereby agreed as below.为此，双方约定如下：Nowtherefore, in consideration of the premises and covenants described hereinafter, Party A and PartyB agree as follows:兹以上述各点和契约所载条款为约因，订约双方协议如下：7. according to, under, subject to, in a

27、ccordance with, as per, as provided in, pursuant to, incompliance with这一族都表示“依照，根据”合同的约定或者法律的规定。其中尤以“according to”最不正式，自然用的最少了，而“in accordance with”最为常见。例如：In case no settlement can be reached, the case may then be submitted for arbitration to ChinaInternational Economic And Trade Arbitration Commis

28、sion in accordance with the provisional Rules ofProcedures promulgated by the said Arbitration Commission.如未能达成和解，该案件 可提交中国国际贸易仲裁委员会根据该仲裁委员会颁布的仲裁程序暂行规定进行仲裁。又如：A Photostat copy of the Acceptance Certificate of the Contract Plant signed by therepresentatives ofboth parties as per Chapter 9 of the pres

29、ent Contract.该合同设备的验收证书的影印副本由双方代表按 照该合同第九章签收。再如：Both Parties shall each contribute their paid in capital in compliance with the items specified in theappendix to the Contract.合同双方应按照本合同附件中载明的项目进行出资。8. Including but not limited to与including, without limitation以及including by way of illustration 27 but

30、not limitation英文合同表达“包括但不限于”时，就会用到这几个短语。例如：The time for the performance of the Sellers obligations set forth in this Contract shall beautomatically extended for a period equal to the duration of any nonperformance arising directly orindirectly from Force Majeure events including but not limited to f

31、ire, flood, earthquake, typhoon, naturalcatastrophe, and all other contingencies and circumstances whatsoever beyond the Sellers reasonablecontrol preventing, hindering or interfering with the performance thereof.本合同规定卖方履行义务的时 间应自动延长等同于由于直接或间接由于不可抗力事件导致的不能履行的期间。不可抗力事 件包括但不限于火灾、 洪水、地震、 台风、 自然灾害和卖方无论怎

32、样也无法合理控制的阻止、 妨碍、 干扰本合同履行的其他风险和情形。9. prior to, no later than, on or before，on and after常用在英文合同中限定日期，prior to表示某日之前，提前多少日”on or before, no(not) later than,表示“不迟于” ，On and after表示“从某日起” 。例如：Party A shall be unauthorized to accept any order sort to collect any account on and afterSeptember20.自9月2O日起，甲方已

33、无权接受任何定单或收据。例如：Our terms are cash within three months, . on or before May 1.我公司的条件是，3个月内，即不得晚于5月1日，支付现金。例如：Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, . not later thanDecember.本合同签字之日一个月内，即不迟于12月15日，你方须将货物装船。例如：10-15 days prior to the date of shipment, the Buy

34、er shall inform the Seller by cable or telex of thecontract number, name of vessel, ETA of vessel, quantity to be loaded and the name of shipping agent,soas to enable the Seller to contact the shipping agent direct and arrange the shipment of the goods.装运前10天到15天，买方应以电报或电传方式通知卖方合同编号、装运船名，预计到达时间， 装载数

35、量和承运代理商名称，以便能使卖方直接联系承运代理商安排货物装运。此外，为限定时间更为明确，还常用inclusive、including和included，来限定含当日 在内的时间。例如：This credit expires till January 1 (inclusive) for negotiation in Beijing. (or:This credit expires tilland including January 1 for negotiation in Beijing.)本证在北京议付， 有效期至1月1日。如果不包括1月1日在内，则为till and not includi

36、ng January 1。10Without prejudice toWithout prejudice to,常用于英文合同中，表示在“不损害某规定/情况下”。例如：The Buyer shall nevertheless have the right to cancel in part or in whole of the contract withoutprejudice to the Buyers right to claim compensations.不妨害买方索赔权，买方仍有权取消合同的部分28或全部。11Attributable to, due to, owing to, by

37、 virtue of, in view of, because of, on account of，considering,in consideration of这一组短语出现在英文合同中都表示“因为” ，其中due to，owing to，because of较不 正式，很少使用。例如：Should the Buyer be unable to arrange insurance in time owing to the Sellers failure to give theabove-mentioned advice of shipment by cable or telex, the S

38、eller shall be held responsible for any andall damages and/or losses attributable to such failure.如果因为卖方未能以电报或电传形式发出上述装运通知， 买方不能及时安排保险， 则卖方应 对此产生的损失和或损害赔偿承担责任。例如：Lice nsee hereby agrees that its every use of such n ame shall inure to the ben efit of Licensor andthatLicensee shall not at any time acq

39、uire any rights in such name by virtue of any use it may make of suchname.被许可方特此同意该名称的使用应有利于许可方利益且不得在任何时候因利用该名称而取得该名 称项下任何权利。例如：Buyer shall have the right to inspect the goods on arrival and, within _business days after delivery, buyer must give notice to seller of any claim for damages on account o

40、fcondition, quality or grade of the goods, and buyer must specify the basis of the claim of buyer in detail.买方应有权在货物运抵及交付后*个营业日内进行检验， 买方须通知卖方任何基于货物条件、品质、等级而产生的索赔，并详细说明索赔事由。例如：In view of the personal nature of the services to be performed under this Agreement by you, youcannot assign or transfer any

41、of your obligations under this Agreement.考虑到本协议项下待你方履行的服务有人身性质，你方不能转让本协议项下你方的任何义 务。IN CONSIDERATION OF以为约因/报酬 约因是英美法系的合同有效成立要件之一， 没有则合同不能依法强制履行。 但是， 大陆法系 的合同则无此规定。例如：Now, Therefore, in consideration of the mutual premises and covenants herein contained, it isherebyagreed:兹以上述各点和契约所载条款为约因，订约双方协议如下：In

42、 consideration of the payment to be made by Party A to Party B, Party B hereby covenants with PartyAto complete the building in conformity with the provisions of the Contract.乙方特此立约向甲方保证按合同规定完成工程建设，以取得甲方所付的报酬。12In lieu of： 一般出现在英文合同中表示 “替代”的意思相当于基础英语中的in place of, insteadof.29例句：In circumstance prov

43、ided above in Clause，Party C or New Company shall,at its sole optionand discretion, be entitled to transfer to Party B all or part of Party C or NewCompany s proprietary rightsand ownership of the infrastructure project, under construction or after Completion Date, as liquidateddamages, in lieu of c

44、omputing and compensating the actual damages provided that such transfer shallbeconducted of Party Cs own free will or rendered in the arbitration award as stipulated in clause 23.在上述第十四条第一款规定的情形下， 丙方或新公司自行选择决断有权向乙方转让丙方或新 公司的所有权及在建或竣工后基础设施的所有权的全部或部分作为约定的固定数额的违约金来替 代计算赔偿实际损害， 但该转让应为丙方自己自愿实施的行为或根据二十三条

45、的规定基于仲裁裁决 的处分。13In respect of；in respect thereof；with respect to：as regards于，在方面例如：Notwithstanding Clause , Party B shall not be entitled to claim for itself in respect of any ForceMajeure in Clause .不管16条第一款的规定，乙方无权根据16条第一款为其自身提出有关不可抗力的索赔。例如：Upon the termination of the Existing Letter of Credit amo

46、unts (if any)owingin respect thereof, Bank Boston, . shall cease to be an Issuing Bank hereunder.现有信用证一经期满所有相关应付款项支付 (如果有的话) 即告终止， 北美波士顿银行不再 是该信用证项下的开证行。例 如 ：Party C or New Company shall retain all rights with respect to the specifications, plans,drawingsand other documents and Party B undertakes not to disclose the same or divulge any informationcontainedtherein to any third country without the prior written consent of Party C or New Company.丙方或新公司应保留有关说明书、 计划书、 图纸和其他文件的所有权利且乙方应承诺未经丙 方或新 公司事先书面同意不披露上述文件或泄露上述文件所包含的任何信息给第三国。