国家开放大学年秋季学期电大考试数字电子技术基础大作业1

1、国家开放大学年秋季学期电大考试数字电子技术基础大作业1 数 字 电 子 技 术 基 础 大 作 业 业 课程名称： 数字电子技术基础 设计题目： 血型与状态机 院 系： 班 级： 设 计 者： 学 号： 血型逻辑电路设计 一 实验目的 1. 掌握采用可编程逻辑器件实现数字电路与系统的方法。 2. 掌握采用 xilinx_ise 软件开发可编程逻辑器件的过程。 3. 学会设计血型能否输血的数字电路。 4. 掌握 verilog hdl 描述数字逻辑电路与系统的方法。 二 设计要求 1. 采用 basys2 开发板开关，led，数码管等制作验证能否输血的电路。 2. 采用 xilinx_ise 软

2、件进行编程、仿真与下载设计到 basys2 开发板。 三 电路图 1. 电路模块图（简化） 应用： 2. 内部电路组成（简化） 四 编程 1.源程序 module xuexing(m, n, p, q, e,f,g,out,ctl,clk,bi); input m; input n; input p; input q; input clk; output e; output3:0 f; output3:0 g; output7:0 out; output3:0 ctl; reg e; reg3:0 f; reg3:0 g; reg7:0 out; reg7:0 out1; reg7:0 out

3、2; reg7:0 out3; reg7:0 out4; reg3:0 ctl=4"b1110; output bi; reg bi; integer clk_cnt; reg clk_400hz; always (posedge clk) /400hz 扫描信号 if(clk_cnt=32"d100000) begin clk_cnt = 1"b0; clk_400hz = clk_400hz; end else clk_cnt = clk_cnt + 1"b1; /位控制 reg clk_1hz; integer clk_1hz_cnt; /1hz

4、发声信号 always (posedge clk) if(clk_1hz_cnt=32"d25000000-1) begin clk_1hz_cnt = 1"b0; clk_1hz = clk_1hz; end else clk_1hz_cnt = clk_1hz_cnt + 1"b1; always (posedge clk_400hz) ctl = ctl2:0,ctl3; /段控制 always (ctl) case(ctl) 4"b0111: out=out1; 4"b1011: out=out2; 4"b1101: out=

5、out3; 4"b1110: out=out4; default:out=4"hf; endcase always (m or n or p or q) begin e=(pq)|(mn)|(mq)|(np); /选择能否输血 case(e) 1: begin out1=8"b10001001; out2=8"b01100001; out3=8"b01001001; out4=8"b11111111; bi=clk_400hz; end 0: begin out1=8"b00010011; out2=8"b0000

6、0011; out3=8"b11111111; out4=8"b11111111; bi=clk_1hz; end endcase end always (m or n or p or q) /显示输入输出血型 begin if(m=1n=0) f=4"b1000; else if(m=0n=1) f=4"b0100; else if(m=1n=1) f=4"b0010; else f=4"b0001; end always (m or n or p or q) /显示输入输出血型 begin if(p=1q=0) g=4"

7、b1000; else if(p=0q=1) g=4"b0100; else if(p=1q=1) g=4"b0010; else g=4"b0001; end endmodule 2.管脚定义程序 net m loc=n3; net n loc=e2; net p loc=l3; net q loc=p11; net e loc=b2; net out7 loc = l14; net out6 loc = h12; net out5 loc = n14; net out4 loc = n11; net out3 loc = p12; net out2 loc =

8、 l13; net out1 loc = m12; net out0 loc = n13; net ctl3 loc = k14; net ctl2 loc = m13; net ctl1 loc = j12; net ctl0 loc = f12; net clk loc=b8; net f3 loc=g1; net f2 loc=p4; net f1 loc=n4; net f0 loc=n5; net g3 loc=p6; net g2 loc=p7; net g1 loc=m11; net g0 loc=m5; net bi loc=b6; 五 仿真图 六 下载设计到 2 basys2

9、 开发板与实物图 实物图： 附：程序流程： 1. 基本电路设计 用 mn 表示输入血型，pq 表示受血者血型其中 10 表示 a 型，01 表示 b 型，11 表示 ab 型，00表示 o 型。用 e 表示能否输血，1 表示能，0 表示不能。 m n n p p q q e e m n n p p q q e e 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0

10、0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 则卡诺图为： mn pq 00 01 11 10 00 1 0 0 0 01 1 1 0 0 11 1 1 1 1 10 1 0 0 1 表达式为： e pq mn mq np = + + + 则设计一个四输入一输出的电路 其逻辑电路图为 mnpqe 通过此电路图，编写程序，把输入引脚定位到开关上，把输出引脚定位到一个 led 上便可以完成设计任务。 2. 项目创新 （1）仅使用一个 led 的亮与灭来表示能否输血效果不明显，为了加入一个更明显显示能否输血的指示，所以就用到了 basys2 板子上自带的数码管，使其在能够输血时

11、显示 yes，不能输血时显示no。 观察硬件电路图发现，数码管只由一个片选端控制，所有如果使数码管显示不同字母，则需要利用人类的视觉暂留效应进行循环扫描，来使数码管来显示不同的信息。 （2）为了增强能否输血的提示效果，所以加入一个蜂鸣器，用声音提示能否输血。当系统开启切能输血时，蜂鸣器输出一低音震荡，当不能输血时，蜂鸣器输出高音报警，提示不能输血。 （3）在加入蜂鸣器报警与数码管之后，使用 led 来表示能否输血已经多余，而且别人无法判断输血与受血分别是什么血型，所以把 8 个 led 分成两组，其中第一组表示输血血型，第二组表示受血血型，第一个灯表示 a 型，第二个灯表示 b 型，第三个灯表

12、示 ab 型，最后一个灯表示 o 型。 时序逻辑电路设计 一 实验目的 1.掌握采用可编程逻辑器件实现数字电路与系统的方法。 2.掌握采用 xilinx_ise 软件开发可编程逻辑器件的过程。 3.学会设计状态机时序逻辑电路。 4.掌握 verilog hdl 描述数字逻辑电路与系统的方法。 二 设计要求 1.采用 basys2 开发板开关，led，数码管等制作验证能否输血的电路。 2.采用 xilinx_ise 软件进行编程、仿真与下载设计到 basys2 开发板。 三 电路图 1.电路模块图 2.内部电路组成 四 编程 1.源程序 module shixu(clk,op,din,b,c,d

13、,e,f,g,h,i,bi,out,ctl); input clk; input din; output bi,op; output7:0 out; output3:0 ctl; output b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i; reg7:0 out; reg7:0 out1; reg7:0 out2; reg7:0 out3; reg7:0 out4; reg3:0 ctl=4"b1110; reg b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i; reg1:0 current_state,next_state; reg op,bi; parameter s0=2"b00,s1=2&quo

14、t;b01,s2=2"b10,s3=2"b11; reg clk_1hz,clk_400hz; integer clk_1hz_cnt,clk_cnt; always (posedge clk) if(clk_1hz_cnt=32"d25000000-1) begin clk_1hz_cnt = 1"b0; clk_1hz = clk_1hz; end else clk_1hz_cnt = clk_1hz_cnt + 1"b1; always (posedge clk) if(clk_cnt=32"d100000) begin clk

15、_cnt = 1"b0; clk_400hz = clk_400hz; end else clk_cnt = clk_cnt + 1"b1; reg clk_05hz; integer clk_05hz_cnt; always (posedge clk) if(clk_05hz_cnt=32"d50000000-1) begin clk_05hz_cnt = 1"b0; clk_05hz = clk_05hz; end else clk_05hz_cnt = clk_05hz_cnt + 1"b1; reg clk_2hz; integer c

16、lk_2hz_cnt; always (posedge clk) if(clk_2hz_cnt=32"d12500000-1) begin clk_2hz_cnt = 1"b0; clk_2hz = clk_2hz; end else clk_2hz_cnt = clk_2hz_cnt + 1"b1; reg clk_4hz; integer clk_4hz_cnt; always (posedge clk) if(clk_4hz_cnt=32"d6250000-1) begin clk_4hz_cnt = 1"b0; clk_4hz = cl

17、k_4hz; end else clk_4hz_cnt = clk_4hz_cnt + 1"b1; reg clk_40hz; integer clk_40hz_cnt; always (posedge clk) if(clk_40hz_cnt=32"d1250000-1) begin clk_40hz_cnt = 1"b0; clk_40hz = clk_40hz; end else clk_40hz_cnt = clk_40hz_cnt + 1"b1; always (posedge clk_400hz) ctl = ctl2:0,ctl3; alw

18、ays (posedge clk_05hz) begin current_state=next_state; end always (ctl) case(ctl) 4"b0111: out=out1; 4"b1011: out=out2; 4"b1101: out=out3; 4"b1110: out=out4; default:out=4"hf; endcase always (current_state or din) begin case(current_state) s0: begin op=0; b=1;c=1;d=0;e=0; f=

19、0;g=0;h=0;i=0; out1=8"b01001001; out2=8"b00000011; out3=8"b11111111; out4=8"b00000011; bi=clk_1hz; if(din=0) next_state=s0; else next_state=s1; end s1: begin op=0; b=0;c=0;d=1;e=1; f=0;g=0;h=0;i=0; out1=8"b01001001; out2=8"b10011111; out3=8"b11111111; out4=8"b

20、00000011; bi=clk_2hz; if(din=0) next_state=s0; else next_state=s2; end s2: begin op=0; b=0;c=0;d=0;e=0; f=1;g=1;h=0;i=0; out1=8"b01001001; out2=8"b00100101; out3=8"b11111111; out4=8"b00000011; bi=clk_4hz; if(din=0) next_state=s0; else next_state=s3; end s3: begin op=1; b=0;c=0;d=

21、0;e=0; f=0;g=0;h=1;i=1; out1=8"b01001001; out2=8"b00001101; out3=8"b11111111; out4=8"b10011111; bi=clk_40hz; if(din=0) begin next_state=s0; end else next_state=s3; end default: begin op=0; b=1;c=1;d=0;e=0; f=0;g=0;h=0;i=0; next_state=s0; end endcase end endmodule 2.管脚定义程序 net din

22、 loc=n3; net op loc=c6; net b loc=g1; net c loc=p4; net d loc=n4; net e loc=n5; net f loc=p6; net g loc=p7; net h loc=m11; net i loc=m5; net clk loc=b8; net bi loc=b6; net out7 loc = l14; net out6 loc = h12; net out5 loc = n14; net out4 loc = n11; net out3 loc = p12; net out2 loc = l13; net out1 loc

23、 = m12; net out0 loc = n13; net ctl3 loc = k14; net ctl2 loc = m13; net ctl1 loc = j12; net ctl0 loc = f12; 五 仿真图 六 下载设计到 ba2 sys2 开发板与实物图 实物图： 附：为了更好的说明各状态，我对蜂鸣器加入了不同的发声频率区分。 七 实验结论 经实验验证，此程序可以完成预期要求，完成特定任务。 八 心得体会 本次大作业让我熟悉了开发板的使用与可编程逻辑器件的应用， 我了解了如何设计开发一个 a fpga 逻辑电路的流程，我以后懂得了可以使用 a fpga 来完成以后的一些工

24、作，对我有很大的帮助。 电大开放专科英语 i( 1) 试点机考题库 选词填句子（choose the correct answers） 1this is where you work ,xiaoyan ,that is your desk and this is _ 选（b）mine 2john: paul,this is mr smith ,my landlord. paul: im pleased to meet you mr smith:_ 选（b）very pleased to meet you .too 3a: what does your mother do? b:_ 选（c）sh

25、e is a clerk in a bank 4a: could you ring them up please?imsometimes quite nervous on the phone. b:_ 选（c）yes of course .i will phone them for you 5david is _only accountant in my sons company 选（a）the 6 i usually get up _7 oclock _the morning 选（b）at ,in 7she_the flat advertisement. 选（a）has a problem

26、with 8_would you like,tea or coffice? 选（c）what 9why is she _lunch so early?its only 10 now 选（a）having 10i am planning a new marketing compaign at the moment_? 选（c）what are you doing 11whats_job?are_british? 选（c）your, you 12a: hello,xiaoyan ,how are you?and how are things? b:_everybody is very nice a

27、nd helpful. 选（c）great.l am fine 13a;_? b:she is talking to mary 选（a）what is she doing right now 14 a: the shower isnt working. b:_ 选（b）ill call the plumber 15i am_engineer 选（b）an 16this is his book could you give it _him? 选（a）to 17does david_? 选（a）like flying 18a: what tv programmes do you like? b:i

28、_london lives. 选（a）like watching 19there_three plants in the office 选（a）are 20my uncle_in the it department.but now he_on a plan for the marketing department 选（a）works. is working 21a_? b: my father is a manager. my mother is a nurse. 选（b）what do your parents do 22mr manning_in paris today and tomor

29、row. 选（c）is working 23_name is jane _is from the usa. 选（a）her ,she 24 a:_? b: yes,id like to .thanks 选 （b） would you like to come to the shop one 25my mother is a doctor .she is _medicine. 选（c）in 26polly enjoys_in a band in her frem time. 选（c）playing the guitar 27a: _you like a drink?wine?beer? 选（b）

30、would 28a: _? b: yes,i do , my mother and father live in oxford. 选（a）do you have any family 29i_ this e-mail to tell you about my new office. 选（a）am writing 30we often have_supper at home 选（c）our 31a; - b: hi my names rose.are you from london? 选（a）hello. im paul. whats your 32a; what does your fathe

31、r do? b: _ 选（a）he is responsible for the central computer system 33a: where is david? b: hi is having lunch in_ chinese restaurant on_seventh floor 选（c）the .the 34i sometimes go to the pub_ friday _ my colleagues. 选（a）on, with 35my aunt_ for her friends at home 选（c）enjoys cooking 36a:_ polly? b: id

32、like a glass of wine ,thank you. 选（b）what would you like 37_a coffee machine in the room 选（b）is therlondon? 选（a）hello. im paul. whats your 38jane and paul like good coffee ,so go and get some good coffee for_ 选（b）them 39hello im david manning .nice to meet you b:_ 选（c）nice to meet you im 40a:_,daid?

33、 b: anorange juice. 选（b）what would you like 41ive got a lot of photos of my traveling .would you_them? 42a: are there two men in the room? 43david_ on a new database at the moment 44 a: why dont you go to an estate agent,then,youre talking face to face? b:well,_ 45my husband doesnt_ ,but i like it v

34、ery much. 46a; _ b: she works in the oxford university 选（a）like to see 选（b）no, theres only one 选（b）is currently working 选（c）i dont know 选（a）like shopping 选（a）what does your mother 47london is _capital of britain ,and it is_great city too 选（c）the .a 48id_a beer toothank you 选（b）like to have 49_people

35、 are my friends._people are my husbands friends. 选（a）these ,those 50john: linda, this is rose ,my wife ,my wife ,rose, this is linda, my new student from beijing rose:_ 选（b）hello.lindal i am pleased to meet you 51i go swimming on_ thursdays for two hours. 选（a）/ 52mr green is now_ a holiday 选（c）on 53

36、mary_ brown eyes and golden hair 选（c）has got 54 a: what do you do? b: _ 选（a）i am a policeman 55he often works in_ evening 选（c）the 56my cousin doesnt_serious(严肃的)tv programmes on the weekendsv 选（b）enjoy watching 57 hello, linda ,how are you? b: _ a: 选 （b） very well, thank you, and you? 58a; how about

37、 seeing a film this evening? b: yes_ 选（a）thats a good idea 59my father_for an important phone call at the moment . he cant go to have lunch with you ,i am afraid 选（c）is waiting 60but_wei ght if i dont exercise。 选（b）put on 61the work ers usually_wark at 8:30 选（b）start 62i domtwant_milk in my coffee.

38、选（a）any 63a: i am form enoland. b:_ 选（a）so am i 64a: the shops in this area are _ 选（c）too old-fashioned b : yes i agerr the are not modem emough 65a: the area ia too noisy b: yes,i agree its_ （选 c）not quiet enough 57.you can paint the walls and_posters .you can do what you want （选 a）put up 66quite o

39、ften after dinnet they_ music in a pub and _home about midnight（选 c）play.go 67 do you have_friends in shang hai? 选（b）any 68a: i dont get up late on sundays.b_ 选（c）neither do 61.i dont need _mineral water ,but id like_tea,thanks 选（c）any, some 69on my way home,iquite often _the milk man 选（c）com across

40、 70it often _in winer in the north of china 选（c）snows 71the news in not new at all it is _ 选（b）quiet old 72a:so,do you like the cinema near hydepark? b:yes ,i _it 选（a）love 73i am getting too fat.i have to _my wei 选（a）work off 74a:ihave a light breakfast early in the morning b:_ 选（b）me too 75.i come

41、here twice a week to swin and_ 选（b）work out 75i just-at the office for most of the day ,and i do no exercise 选（a）sit around 77.a:the classroom is not big enough for 50 students b:yes,i agree .its_ 选（a）too small 78.71.it_heavily here at this moment 选（c）is raining 79.he hasnt got_cousins 选（a）any 73.id

42、 like_apples pleass 选（a）some 80.a;he has got two sisters b_ 选（a）so have 81.a:the area ia too noisy b:yes,l agree ,its_ _ 选（c）not quiet enough 82.a:i havent got a car b: _ 选（a）neither have i 83.:a:i like documentaries on tv b:_ 选（b）so do i 84.a:the chair is not comfortable enough. b:yes,i agree .it i

43、s_ 选（b）too uncomfortable 85.a:i dont get up late on sundays.b:_ 选（c）neither do i 86. a:_like to have a coffee? b: yes,please 选（b）would you 87.john is _experienced at training than mary is 选（a）more 88.a :would you like to come to _shop one day? b :yes ,id love to thank you 选（c） my 89he is a good stud

44、ent he never _late. 选（b）comes 90he is a good student he never _earl 选（b）always comes 91im sorry shes not in .would you like to _a message? 选（c）leave 92i go to see my grandparents once _week with my parents. 选（c）a 87david likes fish_breakfast. 选（a）for 93a:should i take some medicime? b;no ,you dont _

45、to take any medicime 选（c）need 94she_work next monday 选（a）is starting 95a:_was the meeting like? b:it was very exciting 选（a）how 96polly is very busy she_work at about 7:00very day 选（c）finishes 97he _in tuavelling. 选（a）is interested 97im bad at spelling ,but jane is_me 选（b）worse than 98l like cookingf

46、or my friends in _free time 选（b）my 99the business banking departmentis on _second floor 选（c）the 100 this is my new watch ,it was a present _my wife. 选（c）from 101a:_is the nearest chemists b:on the comer 选（b）where 101james is _french thean polly 选（a）a bit better at 102who is that man over there ? do

47、youknow_name? 选（a）his 103willians_in london ,mot in china 选（b）lives 104whats the weather_this winter? 选（a）like 105polly goes to a gym twice_week with her friends 选（b）a 106im a nurse .l work_david_the same hospital. 选（c）with.in 107a:i thave got a pain in my chest b:you_see the doctor 选（c）should 107wh

48、en_for london? 选（a）is she flying 108a:_is david from? b:i think hes an american.butlm not sure 选（a）where 109its nearly seven olock jack_be there at any moment. 选（c）should 110_people are coming for the party? 选（c）how many 111this radio is_than that one 选（a）more expensive 112 a;whose dog is it ?b:_our

49、 dog_name is rex. 选（c）its .its 113a:im going to clean the house.b:_do the shopping 选（c）ill 114xiaoyan has a reservation_a single room 选（b）for 113sallys parents_come and stay with her soon 选（b）are going to 115 hello_franco rossi speaking .can l speak to polly williams? 选（a）this is 116you need to redu

50、ce your temperarure,so you_take some medicime 选（b）should 117pam will not come to our meeting nest week .she_in ffance from monday till thursday 选（a）is staying 118a:_time do you have lunch?b:l usually have lunch at 12 选（b）what 119davids younger brother is _engineer 选（b）an 120this watch is _t hat one 选（a）as expensive as 121tell me about your new friend._is he like? 选（b）what 122rose is_easy-going than f rank in the interview. 选（c）much more 123he is_on the 6 oclock train on friday evening 选（a）travelling 124im a deputy manager i work_an it company 选（a）for 123a:i saw tom j