RFID论文：基于RFID技术的嵌入式停车场系统的设计与实现

1、 RFID论文：基于RFID技术的嵌入式停车场系统的设计与实现【中文摘要】随着城市中的汽车数剧增,传统停车场的弊端日益凸显出来。目前停车场存在安全可靠性差、车辆进出缓慢、缺乏网络支持等等缺点,因而不能满足新一代停车场发展的要求。本文以深圳科技局项目“可唤醒式车辆自动检测及安全管理无线网络系统研发”的研究成果为基础,通过工程实践和理论创新,提出了新一代基于RFID技术的嵌入式停车场系统。论文的创新工作主要有:(1)根据模块化的设计理念设计了嵌入式停车场控制板,控制板更加容易升级和维护,停车场系统的使用寿命得到极大的延长。(2)通过深入研究实时操作系统C/OS-II内核,实现了C/OS-II操作系

2、统向PIC18F单片机的移植;针对C/OS-II任务调度算法的不足之处,本文提出了一种改进的分组任务调度算法。(3)在深入研究RFID系统防碰撞算法基础上,提出了一种改进的动态帧时隙防碰撞算法。该算法采用了唯一ID映射和Q值动态调整帧时隙的方法来提高标签识别速率,软硬件实现比较容易,实用价值较高。(4)针对目前停车场缺乏网络支持的缺点,本文设计了CAN/以太网网关。本文详细阐叙了基于ENC464J600以太网接口芯片和SJA1000 CAN控制芯片的CAN/以太网网关的硬件和软件设计。本文所设计的嵌入式停车场系统已成功应用于小区和高速收费系统,其合理性和可靠性得到了充分验证,这为下一步的应用软

3、件设计提供了有力的支持。【英文摘要】As more and more cars come to use in the city, the disadvantages of traditional parking lot gradually come out. Many problems exists in the traditional parking lot,such as poor security and reliability, lack of network support,low throughput,etc,which cant meet the requirements at

4、present.Based on the research results of project “the development of can-awaken wireless network system based on vehicle automatic detection and safety management”,which is invested by Shenzhen Bureau of Science and technology , with many theoretical research and engineering inovations,the next gene

5、ration of embedded parking lot system based on RFID is putted forward in this paper. The paper is arranged as follows:(1) The panel of the embedded parking lot is designed according to the modular design concept, which made the panel more easy to upgrade and maintenance, and the the service life of

6、the parking system is greatly prolonged.(2) The kernel of RTOSC/OS-II is successfully ported to the PIC18F MCU through the kernel. An improved group task scheduling algorithm is proposed.The shortcoming ofC/OS-II task scheduling algorithm is overcome in this algorithm.(3) Based on the study of RFID

7、anti-collision algorithms, an improved dynamic framed slotted ALOHA anti-collision algorithm is proposed.In order to improve the rate of label identification, this algorithm adopts the methods of unique ID mapping and dynamical adjustment of the frame size by Q value.And this algorithm is easy reali

8、zed in the hardware and software,.(4) Most parking lot system is lack of network associate and only can use in small region. In order to solve this problem, the CAN/Ethernet gateway is designed.The hardware and software design of this gateway is represented in detail, which based on ENC464J600 Ether

9、net interface chip and SJA1000 CAN control chip. The embedded parking lot system in this paper has been successfully used in some courts and high-speed fee systems, which fully verified the rationality and reliability of the design.And it provides a strong support for the following application softw

10、are.【关键词】RFID C/OS- 任务调度算法 ALOHA算法 CAN/以太网网关【英文关键词】RFID C/OS- Task scheduling algorithm ALOHA algorithms CAN/Ethernet gateway【目录】基于RFID技术的嵌入式停车场系统的设计与实现摘要4-5Abstract5第1章 绪论9-141.1 本文选题背景及意义9-101.2 停车场的国内外现状及发展趋势10-121.2.1 国外发展现状及存在问题10-111.2.2 国内发展现状及存在问题11-121.3 本文主要研究内容与章节安排12-141.3.1 本文主要研究内容121.

11、3.2 本文章节安排12-14第2章 嵌入式停车场硬件系统设计14-272.1 引言142.2 系统的需求和可行性分析14-152.3 停车场管理系统15-172.3.1 出入口管理15-162.3.2 入场子系统工作流程16-172.3.3 出场子系统工作流程172.4 嵌入式停车场硬件系统设计17-242.4.1 停车场控制板设计18-192.4.2 主芯片电路19-202.4.3 实时时钟设计20-212.4.4 存储模块设计21-232.4.5 道闸控制板设计23-242.5 系统PCB 设计24-262.5.1 电源和地线的处理24-252.5.2 数字地与模拟地的处理252.5.3

12、 高速信号线布线25-262.6 本章小结26-27第3章 嵌入式停车场软件系统设计27-433.1 软件系统需求分析27-283.2 主控制板任务及其等级划分28-313.3 任务调度算法改进31-383.3.1 分组优先级的任务调度算法333.3.2 时间片任务调度算法33-343.3.3 改进分组优先级的任务调度算法34-383.4 RTOS 向PIC18 的移植38-423.4.1 改写OS_CPU.H38-393.4.2 改写uOS_CPU_C.C 的汇编函数39-423.4.3 改写OS_CPU_C.C 的C 函数423.5 本章小结.42-43第4章 远距离RFID 防碰撞算法设

13、计43-564.1 RFID 基本原理43-454.1.1 RFID 系统结构43-444.1.2 RFID 系统数据传输44-454.2 RFID 系统的通信模型与通信流程45-464.3 RFID 系统数据碰撞的形式46-474.4 RFID 系统常用的防碰撞算法性能分析47-504.4.1 ALOHA 算法和帧时隙ALOHA 算法47-484.4.2 固定帧时隙ALOHA 算法(SFSA)48-494.4.3 动态帧时隙ALOHA 算法(DFSA)49-504.5 一种动态时隙分配的ALOHA 防碰撞算法50-554.5.1 算法原理和理论分析50-544.5.2 算法仿真及结果分析54-554.6 本章小结55-56第5章 CAN-以太网数据转换器的设计与实现56-665.1 CAN 总线与TCP/IP56-595.1.1 CAN 的分层结构56-575.1.2 TCP/IP 与单片机57-595.2 CAN/以太网网关的硬件设计59-615.2.1 网关的硬件拓扑设计595.2.2 以太网接口模块59-605.2.3 CAN 接口模块60-615.3 底层驱动软件设计61-645.3.1 CAN 总线驱动程序的实现62-635.3.2 以太网驱动程序的实现63-645.4 网关协议转换64-655.5 本章小结65-6