五年级下册英语知识讲义句型专项训练(下)湘少版(三起)

1、小学英语I句型专项训练下I学习目标1. 掌握祈使句的含义和用法。2. 掌握there be 句型的含义和用法。重点：掌握祈使句以及there be句型的根本结构。难点：能正确运用祈使句以及there be句型表达自己的想法知识梳理一、祈使句一含义祈使句是用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子。祈使句的动词 都为一般现在时，句末用句号或感慨号，读时用降调。一般来讲，祈使句的主语 要省略。Go and wash your han ds.去洗洗手。表达命令Please pass me the book.请把书递给我。表达请求Don t be shy.不要害羞。表达劝告Mi nd the ste

2、ps. 留神台阶。表达警告No photos.禁止拍照。表达禁止Let s go shopping.我们去购物吧。表达提议二祈使句的构成形式1. Do实义动词+其他.Come in, please. 请进。2. Be +形容词或副词.Be quick!快点！3. Let +宾语+动词原形+其他.Let me do that.让我做它吧。三祈使句的否认句1. Don t +动词原形/ Don t + be +形容词或副词.Don t go at the red traffic lights.不要闯红灯。Don t be afraid.不要害怕。2. Don t + let +宾语+动词原形+其他

3、./ Let + 宾语+not +动词原形+其他.不要让他单独过马路 不要让他单独过马路。C. ComesDon t let him cross the street alone.Let him not cross the street alone.3. No +名词/动词的-ing形式.No parki ng! 禁止停车！No pets!禁止带宠物！1. down! It s dangerous.A. ComeB. Coming答案：A思路分析： 本句是祈使句，故动词用原形，应选 A 项。2. late. You should hurry.A. BeB. Dont beC. Be not答案

4、： B思路分析： 根据后句“你应当快点。 可知前句句意为“不要迟到了。 应选 B项。3. in class.A. No talkB. Not talkingC. No talking答案： C思路分析：浏览各选项可知是否认句。动词原形前不能加no,而是要加Don t ； no后加现在分词形式表示否认，应选 C项。二、there be 句型 一 含义there be 句型表示某个地方存在某人或某物。句型中 be 动词后面的名词或 名词词组是主语， be 动词依据主语的时态和单复数的变化而变化。There is a cat on the bed. 床上有只猫。There are forty stu

5、dents in my class.我班有 40 名学生。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词的变化要根据最靠近 be 动词 的名词判断，即：就近原那么。There is an orange and two apples in the basket.篮子里有一个橙子和两个苹果。There are two apples and an orange in the basket.篮子里有两个苹果和一个橙子。 二 there be句型的时态1. 一般现在时： There is/are + 名词 / 名词词组 +地点状语 .There is a piece of bread on the plate

6、.般过去时： There was/were +2.3. 语.There will be a lot of rain next week. 三 there be 句型的否认式1. “There be +not + 名词/ 名词词组 There isn t an apple in the basket. There aren t any apples on the t There isn t any water in the bottle.2. .There be no +名词/ 名词词组 .There is no water in the bottle.There were two apples

7、 on the table般将来时：盘子上有一片面包。 名词/名词词组 +地点状语 . yesterday. 昨天桌子上有两个苹果。 名词 +地点状There will be/ There is/are going to be +There are no pens on the desk. 四 there be 句型的一般疑问句1. 一般现在时和一般过去时的一般疑问句结构为：下周会有频繁降雨。，其中 not 后常跟 a/an/any 。篮子里没有一个苹果。ree. 这棵树上没什么苹果。瓶子里没有一点水。瓶子里没有水。桌子上没有钢笔。Is/ Are/ Was/ Were there +名词/ 名

8、词词组？简略肯定答复为： Yes, there is/are/was/were. 简略否认答复为： No, there isn t/aren t/wasn t/weren t. Was there a meeting last night?昨天晚上有一场会议吗？Yes, there was. 是的，有。2. 一般将来时的一般疑问句结构为：Will there be + 名词/ 名词词组 ? 或 Is/ are there going to be +名词 /名词词组 ?简略肯定答复： Yes, there will. / there is/are.简略否认答复： No, there won t.

9、 / there isnt/aren t.Will there be a football match this afternoon?今天下午将有一场足球赛吗？No, there won t. 不，没有。 五 辨析： there be 和 have1. there be 句型表示“有，是存在关系。There are some books in the library.图书馆里有一些书。2. have 表示“有，是所有关系，主语大多是人。Lily has some books. 莉莉有一些书。3. 当主语是学校、公司、组织等时， there be 句型可与 have 互换。 There are

10、800 students in our school.我们学校有 800 名学生。Our school has 800 students.我们学校有 800 名学生。1. There a ruler on the desk.A. isB. are C. be答案：A思路分析： 根据主语 a ruler 是单数，应选 A 项。2. There many apples on the tree last year.A. wasB. areC. were答案： C思路分析： 根据主语 many apples 可知谓语用复数； last year 表示过去的 时间状语，故用一般过去时，选 C 项。3.

11、There isn t milk in the bottle.A. someB. anyC. many答案： B思路分析：根据milk是不可数名词，故排除 many因为它修饰可数名词； 根据isn t可知句子是否认句，故用any，选B项。4. any flowers on the street?A. Are thereB. Is thereC. Have答案： A思路分析：句意为“街道上有一些花吗？表示存在关系，故排除 C项的所 有关系；再据flowers是复数，故谓语动词用are，应选A项。同步练习答题时间： 15 分钟)、单项选择1. the window, please. Its col

12、d outside.A. Not closeB. CloseC. Don t close2. food in the library.A. NoB. NotC. Don t3. There a pencil-box and two books on the desk.A. is B. are C. will be4. There a film tomorrow evening.A. will have B. is going to be C. is5. any water in the glass?A. Has B. Are thereC. Is there、句型转换。1. Please te

13、ll her the news. (改为否认句 )Please her the news.2. Don t eat in class. (改为同义句 )改为否认句 )改为一般疑问句 ) in class.3. There are some beautiful plants in the park. ( There beautiful plants in the park.4. There were many lovely monkeys in the zoo. ( many lovely monkeys in the zoo?5. His class has fifteen Young Pio

14、neers. (改为同义句 ) fifteen Young Pioneers his class.三、阅读短文，判断正 (T) 和误 (F) 。I am a Primary School student. In our school, there re three buildings. In the first building, there are someoffices and an Art room, a computer room, a Music room. In the second building and the third building, there are a lot

15、of reading rooms and some classrooms. Our classroom is on the fourth floor. There is a big playground and a football field in our school. Sometimes we play in the playground. This is our school. I like it very much.1. The writer is a Middle School student.2. There re three buildings in the writers s

16、chool.3. In the third building, therere a lot of reading rooms and someclassrooms.4. The writer s classroom is on the third floor.5. The writer likes the school very much.答案1. B 解析：根据后句“外面冷。可知“请关上窗户。应选B项。2. A 解析：food是名词，故前用no,选A项。3. A 解析： a pencil-box and two books是并列主语， be 的选取要根据 apencil-box，应选 A 项。4. B 解析：根据 tomorrow morning 表示将来的时间，故用一般将来时；根 据 there 可知用 there be 句型，应选 B 项。5. C 解析：has主语多是人，排除；water是不可数名词，应选C项。1. dont tell 2. No eating 3.arent any 4.Were there5. There are; in三、1. F 解析：根据句子“ I am a Primary School student. 可知作者是一名 小学生。2. T 解析：根据句子“ In