必修五 unit1 词汇精编版

1、Unit1 Word study 1. Characteristic n，意思是，意思是“ 特特点；特征；特性点；特征；特性” 与与feature意意思相近。思相近。 它也可用作它也可用作adj.意为意为“ 典型的；典型的；具有具有的特点的的特点的” 。 Traffic jams are a characteristic of large cities. The smell is characteristic of garlic. 提出；推荐、提名；提前提出；推荐、提名；提前 2. put forward 理解：说出下列句中划线部分的意思。理解：说出下列句中划线部分的意思。 Weve put

2、the wedding forward by two weeks. 将将提前提前(advance) (advance) (2) Put the clock forward by ten minutes. 把（时钟）往前拨把（时钟）往前拨 a advice (3)Mr.Smith put forward a suggestion at the meeting。 come up with 提出建议提出建议( ) ( ) (4) Her name was put forward for the lead role in the play. 被推荐被推荐/提名提名 up 词汇拓展词汇拓展: down

3、举起举起; 建造建造; 张贴张贴 记下，放下记下，放下 out 熄灭熄灭(灯灯);扑灭扑灭 (火火) 推迟，延期，脱下推迟，延期，脱下 put off on 穿上穿上 up with 忍受忍受 aside 储蓄，放在一储蓄，放在一边边 用适当的介、副词填空用适当的介、副词填空 forward (1)The plan that you put _ at the meeting is wonderful. (2)Many tall buildings were put _ up along the road. out (3)Firefighters have been called to put

4、_ the fire in the city centre. (4)He has a little money to put _ aside for a rainy day. off until tomorrow what can (5 )Dont put _ be done today. 3.conclude v. 总结总结 ，结束，推断出结束，推断出 conclude sth with sth:以以结束某事结束某事 conclude sth from:从从中推断出中推断出 conclude that：推断出：推断出 Its concluded that:据推断据推断 To conclude

5、 总之总之 他朗诵一首诗结束了他的演讲。他朗诵一首诗结束了他的演讲。 What do you conclude from these facts. 医生断定病人患的是癌症。医生断定病人患的是癌症。 To conclude/in conclusion, I wish you all good health and a long life. conclusion n. 结论，结束 come to /reach / draw a conclusion 得出结论得出结论 in conclusion 总之，概括来说总之，概括来说 I come to a conclusion that he is lyi

6、ng*(改错）改错）. 最后，我对我的俄罗斯之行说几句。 In conclusion, I will say a few words about my visit to Russia. 4.defeat Vt.打败，战胜；使受挫打败，战胜；使受挫 1.Our team defeated theirs in the game. 2.2. The result of your exams almost defeated me. n. 失败失败 1.They have got six victories and two defeats . 2.2. They finally had to admit

7、 defeat . 他们最后只得认输。他们最后只得认输。 打败，战胜打败，战胜 辨析：辨析：defeat, beat, win, conquer 这三个词都有这三个词都有“赢赢”的意思，但用法不尽相同。的意思，但用法不尽相同。 (1)defeat/beat都可都可接接sb.作宾语作宾语,其宾语通常是其宾语通常是 “人人”或或“一个团体一个团体”，如如 a team, a class, an army等。等。另外另外,defeat 还可用于指在战争中还可用于指在战争中“击败击败”敌军或入侵者。敌军或入侵者。 (2)win后后接接sth.如如game, war, prize, respect等；等

8、； Sb./sth. (3)Conquer _ 5.attend attend a meeting 参加参加/出席会议出席会议 attend school /church 上学上学/去教堂去教堂 attend to sb/sth.专心专心,注意注意,仔细听仔细听 接待接待,招待招待,处理处理,照料照料 ?（1 ）You must attend to your work. 你必须专心于你的工作。你必须专心于你的工作。 ?（2 ）Attend carefully to what she is saying. 注意听她说话。注意听她说话。 ?（3 ）I didn t attend his weddi

9、ng on Sunday because I was too busy. 星期天我没出席他的婚礼因为太忙了。星期天我没出席他的婚礼因为太忙了。 ?（4 ）He has some matters to attend to today. 他今天有很多事情要处理。他今天有很多事情要处理。 参加参加 join sb. in sth./doing sth, 加入（团体，组织，参军）、加入（团体，组织，参军）、 join 参加（某些小型活动）参加（某些小型活动） join in take part in 参加（某些大型活动）参加（某些大型活动） attend 参加参加(会议，课程，婚礼），不在会议，课程，

10、婚礼），不在 活动中起作用活动中起作用 join in ? May I _your discussion? ? He was ill so he didnt_ his classes. attend joined ? His brother_ the army two years ago. ? A lot of college students _sports took part in meeting last year. 6 expose expose 1. The wolf opened its mouth expose to _ a row of sharp teeth. to expo

11、se 2. Dont _ your skin_ the sun; your skin will be hurt. 1.He exposed the plan to the newspapers. 他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。 2. The film has been exposed. 这胶卷已经曝光了。这胶卷已经曝光了。 3. The more one is exposed to the English- speaking environment , the better he or she will learn the language. 归纳总结归纳总结 ?ex

12、pose sth. 显露或露出某事物显露或露出某事物 ?expose sb to sth 使接触使接触/使暴露使暴露 =? ?sb be exposed to sth expose Many girls like to _ to themselves _ the sun in summer. Many girls like to _be exposed to the sun in summer. 7.cure Vt. 治愈治愈 Treat sb. For sth. cure sb.of + 疾病名称疾病名称 治愈某人治愈某人.（疾病）（疾病） cure sb.of + 不良行为不良行为 矫正某

13、人不良行为矫正某人不良行为 1. Can this medicine cure me of my cold? 这药能治好我的感冒吗？这药能治好我的感冒吗？ 2. He was cured of his habit of drinking. 他已经改掉了喝酒的坏习惯。他已经改掉了喝酒的坏习惯。 n. 治愈，治疗方法治愈，治疗方法 a cure for sth.治疗治疗的方法的方法 Is there a certain cure for cancer yet? 与与cure sb.of sth.结构类似的短语还有结构类似的短语还有 remind _sb. of sth. 使使某人某人想起想起某事某

14、事 rob _sb. of sth. 抢抢了某人某物了某人某物 inform of sth. 通知通知某人某事某人某事 _sb. warn _sb. of sth. 警告警告某人某事某人某事 rid _sb. of sth. 使使某人某人摆脱摆脱某事某事 convince _sb. of sth. 使使某人某人信服信服. 8. challenge n. 挑战，挑战书挑战，挑战书 accept / take up a challenge 接受挑战接受挑战 face / meet a challenge 面对挑战，面对挑战，应对挑战应对挑战 a challenge to 对对的挑战的挑战 （to

15、为介词）为介词） To deal with so many children is a real challenge to her. 9.absorb: vt 吸收；吸引；使专心吸收；吸引；使专心 absorbinto: 把吸收入 absorb ones attention: 吸引某人的注意 be absorbed in: 全神贯注于=absorb oneself in absorb Black walls _ a lot of heat during the day. The cream is easily _ into the skin. absorbed Absorbed in 专心于工

16、作)his work, Tom simply _(forgot food and sleep. 10. suspect vt. 怀疑，觉察怀疑，觉察 我们不相信他们的诚实。我们不相信他们的诚实。 We suspected their honesty. 老虎觉察到危险，逃跑了。老虎觉察到危险，逃跑了。 The tiger suspected danger and ran away. suspect sb.of (doing) sth怀疑某人某事怀疑某人某事 suspect sb.to be 怀疑某人是怀疑某人是 suspect that怀疑怀疑 运用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形运用：用适当

17、的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。式填空。 (1) I suspect him _ (be) the spy . to be of (2) What made you suspect her _ having taken the money? 11. blame vt.责备；谴责责备；谴责; n. 过失；责备过失；责备 ?blame sb. for (doing) sth.为某事责备某为某事责备某 blame sth. on sb. 把把归咎于某人归咎于某人 She blamed him for the failure of their marriage. =she blamed the fa

18、ilure of their marriage on him. ? ? sb be to blame (for sth.) （不能用被动）（不能用被动） 某人应某人应(为某事为某事)承担责任承担责任/受责备受责备, 埋怨某人埋怨某人 运用：用适当的词填空或完成句子。运用：用适当的词填空或完成句子。 我不责怪你，我责怪我自己。我不责怪你，我责怪我自己。 I do not blame you，but I _. blame myself 那次事故怪不得孩子们。那次事故怪不得孩子们。 The children were not_ the accident. to blame for The manag

19、er blamed him _ his carelessness at for work. I feel it is your husband who is to be blamed for the spoiled child.（改错）（改错） 12. link .to. 把把和和连接连接/联系起来联系起来 这浅浅的海峡把大陆和台湾联系起来。这浅浅的海峡把大陆和台湾联系起来。 The shallow strait_ the links Taiwan to mainland. 这条公路连接上海和北京。这条公路连接上海和北京。 The highway_ be linked to与与连在一起连在一起

20、 n. Researchers have concluded a link between smoking and heart disease. to/with connect _ with combine _ unite_ with join_ to 13. announce v. 宣布；通告；预示宣布；通告；预示 announcement 通告，声明，宣布通告，声明，宣布 他突然宣布他将要离开了。他突然宣布他将要离开了。 He suddenly announced that he was leaving. 预示预示 Warm sunshine announces the coming of

21、 spring. announce sth. to sb. announce to sb. sth. eg:这则消息经由电视向大众宣布这则消息经由电视向大众宣布 The news was announced to the public on TV 14. instruct: vt 命令；指示；教导命令；指示；教导 instruct sb to do sth: 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事 instruct sb in sth: 给某人讲授某事给某人讲授某事 as instructed: 按照指示那样按照指示那样 他命令我三天内完成这项任务。他命令我三天内完成这项任务。 He instructe

22、d me to finish the task in three days. in My job is to instruct her _ English. 按照指示那样，我们收集了足够多的证据。按照指示那样，我们收集了足够多的证据。 Weve collected enough evidence as instructed. _instruction_n. 指导；说明书指导；说明书(复数复数) 15. contribute:捐献捐献; 贡献；捐助贡献；捐助 Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to h

23、is returning to school. A reporter wrote a story about this and contributed it to a newspaper. contributeto: 向向捐赠；给捐赠；给提供（忠告，建提供（忠告，建议）；投稿议）；投稿 contribute to sth: 有助于；促进某事物；导致有助于；促进某事物；导致 Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote a st

24、ory about it and contributed it to a newspaper. 许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱，这使他重新许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱，这使他重新回到了校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的报回到了校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的报道并把它投到了报社。道并把它投到了报社。 contribut ion n. 贡献贡献 make a contribution/contributions to (doing) sth. 对对作出贡献作出贡献 这些改革对于我国的经济发展做出了重大这些改革对于我国的经济发展做出了重大贡献。贡献。 made a great contribution

25、 to These reforms_ the development of the economy of our country. contribut or n. 撰稿人；捐助人；促成物撰稿人；捐助人；促成物 运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 1. 他主动向红十字会捐款。他主动向红十字会捐款。 contribute to the Red Cross. He offered to _ 2. 我相信新鲜的空气有助于健康。我相信新鲜的空气有助于健康。 contributes to Im sure fresh air_ good health 3.他对项目的全面成功做出

26、了非常积极的贡献。他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。made a very positive contribution to He_ the overall success of the project. 16. apart from 此外；除此外；除之外之外 1.Traveling abroad took me a lot of time apart from money. 到国外旅行到国外旅行除了除了花了我很多钱，花了我很多钱， 还花了我很多时间。还花了我很多时间。 =besides/as well as/ in addition to 2. Apart from them, I h

27、ad no one to talk with. 除了除了他们，我没有可以谈话的人了。他们，我没有可以谈话的人了。 =except 3. Apart from some spelling mistakes, your composition is a good one. =except for 除了除了一些拼写错误外，你的作文不错。一些拼写错误外，你的作文不错。 用法：用法：apart from系短语介词，含有两方系短语介词，含有两方面的意思面的意思: 1.除除之外（还有）之外（还有）=besides/in addition to/as well as 2.除除之外（没有）之外（没有）= exc

28、ept ，except (for) besides ；except ；except for Besides 1._being intelligent, he is also modest. 2. Who else can answer this question _ Jack? besides except 3. He gets up early every day _ Sunday. except for 4. This movie is perfect,_ the ending. 17. be strict with sb.(in sth.)(在某方面在某方面)对某人严格对某人严格要求要求

29、 运用：用适当的词填空。运用：用适当的词填空。 with Our English teacher is very strict _ us and she demands that we should be strict _ our in homework. in My mother is strict _ her work and is also strict_me. with 18.make sense 有意义，讲得通；合理有意义，讲得通；合理(1)This sentence doesnt make any sense . 这个句子完全讲不通。这个句子完全讲不通。 makes no sens

30、e (2)What you say does not make sense to me. 你说的话我弄不明白。你说的话我弄不明白。 makes no sense to me (3) It makes good sense that the students are asked to recite English texts. 要求学生背诵英语课文很有意义要求学生背诵英语课文很有意义。Can you make sense of this poem? make sense of 理解理解 ( 常用于疑问句或否定句）常用于疑问句或否定句） 归纳总结归纳总结 make sense 有道理；讲得通；有意义有道理；讲得通；有意义 make