【浙江新中考】2014年中考英语总复习第三讲阅读.

1、第三讲阅读理解-V 专题聚焦突破-阅读是英语学习中听、说、读、写四种技能之一，它在学生获取知识和信息方面起着重要的作用。阅读理解是 历年中考必考的重要题型，其命题目的是考査学生语言运 用、阅读理解、逻辑推理和分析判断的综合能力。近年来, 阅读理考情分析勺解在中考试题中所占的比重越来越大，命题难度有 所上升，更突出能力考査，题材、体裁多样化，内容贴近 现代生活，突出实用性和时代性。岀题较多的有人物故事、 民族风情、科普知识，以及一些社会热点话题。试题形式 也日益灵活多变，图表类试题有所增加。卜解题策略勺 一、先看问题，后看文章一、先看问题，后看文章 先浏览阅读理解题目，将问题按归纳概括题、具体细

2、节题、词语释义题、推理判断题等题型分门别类, 以便熟悉文章所要考査的信息点和考点。这样，带着 问题去阅读，就会做到重点突岀、准确率高。需要注 意的是，浏览阅读理解题目时不要看问题的选项，以 避免增加干扰。二、二、 快速阅读全文，理解文章大意快速阅读全文，理解文章大意以最快的速度读完文章，要特别注意每一段落的 第一句话和最后一句话。这有助于我们了解文章的结 构，理解文章的中心思想及段落大意，解答与文章总 体有关的问题。三、三、 标示细节问题的出处标示细节问题的出处再次阅读全文，特别注意与具体细节题目相关的事实细节并在文章中相关事实细节处做上相应的记号，以便对照具体细节题目，印证文章细节，提高解

3、题的准确率。四、生僻词语，分别对待四、生僻词语，分别对待阅读时不可避免地会遇到生词。遇到生词时，首 先要跳过生词，继续阅读，长时间地停留在某一个单 词或某一个句子上是不可取的。读完全文，对于文章 中没有造成理解障碍的非关键性生词可以忽略；对于 影响文章理解的关键性生词，我们尽量利用上下文的 提示猜测其词义。五、解答问题时要先易后难五、解答问题时要先易后难解答问题时，如果读了问题仍不能确定相关选项, 就不要在这个问题上再过多纠缠，而要继续解答下一 个问题。这样我们在处理完容易的问题后，可以集中 精力，更有针对性地攻克较难的问题。六六. . 排除干扰，正确选择排除干扰，正确选择有时会遇到这样的情况

4、，尽管多次阅读文章，但 对某个问题还是难以做出判断。这时就要根据已知的 相关背景知识，结合对文章的理解，尽可能在所给的 四个选项中，排除一些较为明显的错误选项，推测出 答案，从而提高得分率。never know how things will turn out.Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this As a boy,he was told he was hopeless at science and finished bottomof his class. Now, aged 79, the very same Gurdon sharedthe 2

5、012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell（干细胞）researcher ShinyaYamanaka.Like so many scientists, Gurdon shows us where thepower of curiosity and perseverance（坚持不懈）can lead At the age of 15 in 1948, Gurdon ranked last out ofthe 250 boys at his high school in biology and every otherscience s

6、ubject. Gurdon*s high school science teacher evensaid that his dream of becoming a scientist was quiteridiculous”.In spite of his teacher criticisms, Gurdon followedhis curiosity and kept working hard He went to the labearly and left later than anyone else He experiencedthousands of failures E7Jis f

7、ull of surprises and youMy own belief is that we will, in the end,understand everything about how cells actually work, ”Gurdon said.In 1962, Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog andmoved its genetic（基因的）information into an egg cell. Theegg cell then grew into a clone（克隆）of the adult frog. Thistechn

8、ique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996,the first cloned mammal（哺乳动物）in the world In 2006, Gurdons work was developed by Yamanakato show that a sample（样本）of a person skin can be usedto create stem cells Using this technique, doctors canrepair a patients heart after a heart attack Luck fa

9、vors the prepared mind, ” Gurdon told theNobel Prize Organization.aNinety percent of the timethings dont work, but when they do, you have to seize（抓住）the chance.”)l.Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize inMedicine?A Sir John Gurdon B Shinya Yamanaka C Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka.D Gurdons science tea

10、cher.()2.In what order are the followingsmentioned in the passage?a. create the sheep Dollyb take a cell from an adult frogc.use a persons skin to create stem cellsd. move a frog*s genetic information into an egg celle.grow into a clone of a frogA. b-a-c-d-eB b-d-e-a-cC b-d-a-c-eD b-e-d-a-c()3What d

11、oes the underlined wordridiculous” mean ?A 无知的B.无畏的C.荒废的D 荒谬的()4.According to the passage, whichstatement is true?A As a boy, he was told he was hopeful.B He ranked first at his high school in biology.C Its impossible for the doctors to repair a patientsheart after a heart attack D In spite of his t

12、eacher*s criticisms, he keptworking hard ( )5.Whafs the main idea of the passage?A. Ninety percent of the time things dont work.B Luck favors the prepared mind C.Ufe is full of surprises D.How to know cells actually work.1. C由第二段最后一句Now, aged 79, the very sameGurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Me

13、dicine withJapanese stem cell researcher Shinya Yamanaka.可知格登和山中伸弥获得2012诺贝尔医 学奖。故选C。3 D由第四段第一句中Gurdon ranked last out of the250 boys”这与成为一个科学家的梦想差距 太大，因此ridiculous应是荒谬的，可笑的”意思。 故选D。4. D第二段第二句中“As a boy, he was told he washopeless.与A项不符；第四段第一句中Gurdon rankedlast. in biology”与B项不符；倒数第二段最 后一句Usingthis t

14、echnique, doctors can repair a patients heart after aheart attack.与C项不符；第五 段第一句In spite of histeachers criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity andkept working hard.99与D项 相符。故选D。5 B由最后一段第一句Luck favors the preparedmind可知幸运总是钟情于有准备的人，故 选B。专题训练4阅读理解（一）Passage 1（2013-天津）My grandfather Jack is 96 years

15、old, and he has hadan interesting life. He has travelled a lot in his life in theFar East He visited the Taj Mahal in India and thePyramids in Egypt. He hunted（狩猎）lions in Africa, androde a camel in the Sahara Desert He says the mostbeautiful place he has travelled to is Kathmandu in Nepal.Jack has

16、married twice His first wife died when shewas 32. He met his second wife Maria while he was cyclinground France They have been married for 50 years, andthey have lived happily in a small village since they gotmarried Jack says that he has never been ill in his life. Thesecret of good health, accordi

17、ng to my grandfather, isexercise He goes swimming every morning He has donethis since he was a boy. He also has a glass of wine everynight! Perhaps that is his secret!主旨大意本文讲述了 “我”九十六岁的爷爷杰答案：B克年轻时的环球生活、婚姻状况及长寿的秘诀。( )l.What kind of life has Jack lived?A A short life.B An interesting life.C A lonely l

18、ife D A poor life 解析： 由第一段第一句My grandfather Jack is 96 years old,and he has had an interesting life.”可知我主旨大意本文讲述了 “我”九十六岁的爷爷杰答案：B的爷爷杰克过着有趣的生活。故选B。答案：B()2.Which of the following does Jack think is themost beautiful place?A. Kathmandu*B The Pyramids.C The Sahara Desert.L Taj Mahal 解析：由第一段最后一句He says t

19、he most beautiful placehe has travelled to is Kathmandu in Nepal.”可知 “我”的爷爷杰克认为他曾经去过最漂亮的地方是尼泊 尔的加德满都。故选A。答案：A( )3.How many times has Jack married?A. Once B Twice C Three times D Four times.解析：由第二段第一句Jack has married twice.”可知“我”的爷爷杰克一生结过两次婚。故选B。( )4eWhere did Jack meet Maria?A In IndiaB In Nepal.C.

20、In FranceD In Egypt.解析：由第二段第三句He met his second wife Maria whilehe was cycling round France”可知当杰克骑车环法旅行的时候遇见了他的第二任妻子玛利亚。故选C。答案：c( )5What does Jack do every night?A. He has a glass of wine.B He goes swimmingC. He hunts lions.D. He rides a cameL解析：由最后一段倒数第二句He also has a glass of故选A。wine”可知杰克每天晚上都喝一杯葡

21、萄酒。答案：APassage 2（2013-长沙）阅读下列图表，从每题所给的A、B、C三个 选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。主旨大意本文为应用文，分别介绍了Lily的八岁生日 的邀请函、Mary Connor的个人信息、图书馆开馆时间. 网上购物统计表及旅馆宣传册。1. From the information in the picture, we know thatLily wasborA.JunB. JuneJain Us For A Fun Day To CelebrateLilys 8th BirthdaySaturday, June 22, 20131-3 pm23 Main

22、 Street Call Lisaat 123-456-7891C. June 22,2013解析：从“Lilys 8th Birthday与“June 22,2013”可推 测出B项正确。答案：B答案：C2. According to the personal information, we know thatMary Connor lives in_PERSONALINFORMATIONNamc:Mary ConnorAddress:63 Lily Road,London SW1,England.Nationality: AmericanAgc:20(Xcupaiion:Nurse(Ros

23、ewood Hospital) Hobbies:Tcnnis,computer gamesFamily:(from the USAlive in Brighton now)Mother_ ainter.Fatherdoctor One brothernurse解析：根据信息中aAddress: 63 Lily Road, London SW1,England/1可知C项是正确的。 Library HoursToday汀uesday 5/14/2013Hours:8:00 am-9:00 pmWednesday:8:00 am-9:00pmThursday:8:00 am-9:00pmFrida

24、y:8:00 am-5:00pmSaturday:ClosedSunday:1:0() pm-8:00 pmMonday:8:00 am-9:00pmA. CanadaB AmericaC Eng3 Youcanborrowbooks答案：AA. at 10：30 am on MondayB. at 10：00 pm on ThursdayC at 3：30 pm on Saturday解析：从“Thursday：8：00 am-9 : 00 pm55和Saturday:Closed可以得出周四早上8：00至晚上9:00开馆，周六全天闭馆，排除B、Co故选A。答案：B4. According

25、to the survey（调查）of 2,000 Americanonline shoppers, _ people shop online from 5pm to 8 pm.解析：从柱形图分析下午5点至8点进行网上购物的人数占32%,故从下午5点至8点网上购物的人数为：2000X32% =640,故选B。5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?Wear your sun hat and enjoy wonderful sunshine all the time from morning to evening.Our hotel is next to th

26、e sea. We have our own boats, too. You can swim in the sea or in the swimmingpool. Every day our boats will take you to diftcrcnt places for swimming.People like online（在线的）shopping. Two-fifths of Americanpeople like shopping online duringthe daytime Here is the survey of theshopping time of 2,000 A

27、mericanonline shoppers-6 am 9 am 5 pm 8 pm mid- to toto to night9 am 5 pm 8 pm mid- to night 6amA. 320.C 800.6%21%1%答案：CA. Youd better wear your sun hat to enjoy wonderfulsunshine.B The boats will take you to different places forswimmingC Mr Smith and his child need to pay $ 160 for the toun解析：由信息中“

28、Adult：$80.00 Child: $40.00”说明成人票价80美元，小孩票价40美元。他们共需要花费120美元。因此C项错误。Time:Juiy 15-July20Tel:83428994APassage 3ROB AND LESLEYcl coinc you to a friendly family run； FREE HOUSE :18 Brinkley Rd Dullingham. Near Nen-marketZTel：01638 507327:Beer Festival 29 April2 May：ALW AYS AVAILABLE: 7A damns Best Bitter

29、, Broadside&Guest BeersTraditional pub food served、lon Fri.:Opening Times:2 Monday to Friday 11 am2：30 pm&5 pm一11 pmSaturday: 11 am11 pm:Sunday： 12 noon2 ：30 pin&7 pm10 ：30 pm主旨大意本文是一则广告，主要介绍了一家家庭 酒THE BOOT馆的具体情况，包括酒馆名字、地址、电话、即将 举办的啤酒节的具体时间、所提供的各种品牌啤酒、 传统酒吧食物的提供时间以及日常营业时间等。( )l.How many days does th

30、e Beer Festival last?A 3 B 4 C 5 D 6 解析：由文中Beer Festival 29 April2 May”可知,啤酒节将持续4天。故选B。答案：B)2.Traditional pub food is served every day exceptA. Monday & FridayB. Saturday & SundayC Monday & SaturdayD. Friday & Sunday解析：由文中Traditional pub food served Mon. FriF可知，周六和周日不会提供传统食物。故选B。答案：B( )3.Which infor

31、mation helps you if you want to order athome from the pub?A. 18 Brinkley Rd Dullingham B. Newmarket C. Tel：01638 507327 D Free House.解析： 根据题中if you want to order at home from the pub”的要求可知，广告中的电话最为重要。故选C。答案：C( )4According to the advertisement, the pub is run by A. a familyB. a friendC. a farmD. a bo

32、ss解析：根据“a friendly family run pub可知，小酒馆是 家庭经营的。故选A。答案：A( )5.During Beer Festival, guests can easily getA. Adanms Best BitterB. BroadsideC. Guest BeersD. all above解析：根据“ALWAYS AVAILABLE：Adanms BestBitter, Broadside & Guest BeersJ5可知，在这家酒馆里, 三种牌子的啤酒都可以喝到。故选D。答案：DPassage 4DNA is the whole map of the human body. It is something that allhuinans have, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that welook like our parents, because we get some of their D