2019高考英语一轮基础步练Unit24Society北师大版必修8

1、Unit 24 Society【阅读理解】My mother has always lived by somesimple rules:Go to church every Sunday,help people in need,and don ' t worry about unchangeable things.These simple rules have allowed her to live a content life,and in doing so,she sets an example for her children to follow.However,I had br

2、oken all of these rules by the time I set off for college.It was September,and I should have been ecstatic as I stood on my college campus saying goodbye to myparents and embarking my new independent life.However,I was just quietly crying.I had never been away from homewithout family.My momhugged me

3、, “Little girl,we ' ll come back to get you next weekend and you can come home for a visit!"My homesickness made my freshman year in college difficult,and I comforted myself by throwing myself into my academics.I spent all my time studying,including weekends when everyone else attended part

4、ies.I had always been a good student.I would not settle anything but an A,and when I got a 4.0 my first semester,a friend said to me, "That' s great,but you can only go down from there! ” Suddenly,I was more driven than ever.My momwas worried about my social life.She was happy that I got go

5、od grades but had always told me there was more to life.What about faith?What about helping others?She encouraged me to go to church.She believed that weekly attendance was the answer to my pathetic social situation.Sometimes,I find myself being critical （批评的）of my mother ' s simpleways.It '

6、 s difficult with busy schedules to go to church every Sunday.And while Iadmire my mom' s ability to help anyone in need,I complain that I do not have as much time as I wish to follow her example.Her simple rules have served her well,and though I don ' t follow them as much as I should,they

7、are therelike a beacon（ 灯塔）calling for me to follow.1 .The underlined word “ecstatic ” in Paragraph 2 probably means.A.tearyB.excitedC.homesickD.sad2 .What can we infer from the third paragraph?A.The author didn t like any social activities.B.The author was angry with what her friend said.C.The auth

8、or had a difficult time learning in college.D.The author couldn t adapt to university life at first.3 .What is the author s opinion about her mother s life rules?A.She values the rules because they are guiding in her life.B.She ignores the rules because they are meaningless to her.C.She supports the

9、 rules because they are suitable for her.D.She disapproves the rules because they are difficult to follow.参考答案： 1.B; 2.D; 3.A解析：作者母亲的生活法则虽然简单, 但却蕴含人生智慧 , 就像灯塔 , 指引作者在人生道路上前进。1.B 词义猜测题。由本句后面表示转折的“ However,I was just quietly crying. ”可知,ecstatic 应与crying所表达的情绪相反，意为“兴奋的"，故选B项。2 .D 推理判断题。由第三段, 特别是第

10、一句“ My homesickness made my freshman year incollege difficult,and I comf orted myself by throwing myself into my academics. ”可推断 , 作者由于想家, 大一只能通过不断的学习来安慰自己 , 故在大学一开始 , 作者不能很好地适应大学生活, 故选 D 项。3 .A 细节理解题。由最后一段的最后一句 “ Her simple rules have served her well,andthough I don t follow them as much as I shoul

11、d,they are there like a beacon,callingfor me to follow. ”可知 , 作者虽然不能完全遵守母亲的生活法则 , 但它们会像灯塔一样不断指引作者 , 故选A 项。完形填空The other evening we had a knock at the door. It was a new _1_ whointroduced himself and his boys to us.He also _2_ us to a block party as a way to know the people in the neighborhood as wel

12、l as celebrating the first anniversary of his two _3_ _sons coming to live with him.We ve lived here for almost six years and _4_ has ever come to introducethemselves. I suppose we should have _5_ it on to introduce ourselves to peoplemoving in, but we haven ' t.In my opinion, it took the initia

13、tive( 首创)of a young and his adopted sons to show me how I could _7_ better attention to my own community. We have many _8_ friends but I have to admit that I haven' t usually been the one to developthe _9_ in my own neighborhood.This experience _10 me of one of my favorite quotes, “When I was a

14、young man, I wanted to change the world. I found it was _11_ to change the world, so I tried to change my nation. When I found I couldn' t change the nation, I beganto _12_ my to wn. I couldn ' t change the town and as a(n) _13 man, I tried tochange my 14 . Now, as an old man, I 15 the only

15、thing I can change is myself, and _16 I realize that if long ago I had changed myself, I could have made an impact( 影响)on my family and _17on my town. The impact could have changed thenation and I could _18_ have changed the world. ”For those of us who want to make a(n) _19_ in theworld, it ' s

16、important toremember “Think globally, but _20_ locally. " For me, I ' m going to make it apoint to meet more of my neighbors starting now.【解题导语】新搬来的邻居主动上门作自我介绍，并邀请作者参加社区聚会，这让作者有了很多感慨。要想改变世界，首先要改变自己。作者决定从身边做起，多见一些邻居， 关注自己的社区。1. A.strangerB . classmateC. beggarD. neighborD 解析： 根据下文的 "as

17、a way to know the people in the neighborhood ” 及第 二段中的 "I suppose.to introduce ourselves to people moving in” 可知， 敲门的是一个新邻居。故选 D2. A.invitedB. commandedC. persuadedD. encouragedA 解析：此处指邀请“我们”参加一个街区聚会。invite"邀请"；command"命令"；persuade ”说服"；encourage "鼓励"。故选A。3 A.

18、adoptedB acceptedC adaptedD annoyedA 解析：根据下文的“his adopted sons”可知，他要庆祝和他收养的儿子一起生活一周年。故选 A。4 A.anyoneB someoneC everyoneD no oneD 解析： 根据下文的“ I suppose we should have.theinitiative（ 首创 ） of a youngand his adopted sons ”可知，“我们”已经住在这里将近六年了，从没有人过来介绍他们自己。故选D。5 A.putB madeC takenD turnedC 解析： 此处指“我们”本应承担向搬

19、进来的人作自我介绍的责任。故选C。 takeon “承担 （责任 ） ”。6 A.studentB manC womanD motherB 解析： 根据上文可知，新搬来的是一位男士和他收养的孩子们。故选B。7 A.drawBloseCpayDofferC 解析： 此处指更好地关注“我”自己的社区。故选C。 pay attention to “注意”。8 A.foreignBlocalColdDrichB 解析： “我们”有许多当地的 （local） 朋友，但“我”不得不承认，“我”通常不会在“我”自己的街区发展友谊。故选B。9 A.troubleBfriendshipCconcernDbusi

20、nessB 解析： 参见上题解析。故选 B。10 A.remindedBtoldCwarnedDconvincedA 解析： remi nd sb.of sth. “使某人想起某事”； tell sb.sth. “告诉某人某事”；warn sb.of sth. “警告某人某事”； convince sb.of sth. “使某人相信某事”。根据搭配首先排除B;这个经历使“我”想起了 “我”最喜欢的引言之一。故选Ao11 A.difficultB easyC interestingD rightA 解析： 根据下文的“ so I tried to change my nation ”可知，此处表

21、示“我发现改变世界是很难的”。故选 A。12 A.make outB concentrate onC get intoD refer toB 解析： “当我发现不能改变国家时，我就开始致力于改变我所在的城镇”。 make out “辨认出，理解”； concentrate on “集中精力于”； get into “开始参与”； refer to “参考，提及”。故选 B。13 A.smarterB youngerC olderD tallerC 解析： 上文讲述自己年轻时的想法， 下文说自己作为一个老人的想法， 以时间为序 陈述。故选C。14 A.stateB familyC townD m

22、indB 解析： 根据下文可知，“我意识到如果以前改变自己，就可以改变家庭、城镇、国家乃至世界”。故选 B。15 A.explainB forgetC realizeD regretC 解析： “如今，作为一名老人，我意识到唯一能改变的是自己”。故选C。16 A.happilyBsuddenlyC actuallyDluckilyB 解析： 此处指突然间意识到。故选 B。17 A.merelyBstillC onlyDevenD 解析： 此处表示递进关系。 merely “仅仅”； still “仍然”； only “仅仅”； even "甚至"。故选Db18 A.inde

23、edB hardlyC neverD seldomA 解析： 此处表示“我确实本来可以改变世界”，为肯定意义，排除B、 C 和 D；indeed “确实，甚至”； hardly “几乎不”； never “从不”；seldom “很少，不常”。故选A。19 A.decisionB differenceC apologyD mistakeB 解析： 此处指“那些想要对世界产生影响的人”。 make a decision “做决定”； make a difference “有影响，起作用”； make an apology “道歉”； make a mistake “出 错”。故选B。20 A.b

24、ehaveB actC moveD operateB 解析： 该句表示“放眼全球，立足地方”，指可进行全球化思考， 但要在当地采取 行动。behave "举止，表现"；act "行动"；move"移动;operate "操作"。故选 B。n语法填空I can still recall the day when I sat on the stairs of a temple in Nepal.The square before the temple 1.(become) very muddyas a result of the

25、 rain.Wehad to walk on a path made by a line of bricks on the muddy ground.A friend of 2.(I) complained all the way while she stepped on thebricks 3.(walk) towards me.Looking around she said very4. (patience), “ Disgusting indeed! What 5. I fall into thedirty water ？”Since I knew her very well, I no

26、dded cautiously 6.(comfort) her bymy silent sympathy.A few minutes later another friend came 7.the same scene.Shestepped on the brick path dancing briskly and singing, “ Jump, jump, jump！” until she reached the dry ground.She couldn t help shouting, “8.fun itis ！” Eyes beaming with joy, she made the

27、 remarks,“ The most pleasant th ing ofthe rainy season is that one can 9.(entire) be free from dust.”In the eyes of the two there 10.(be) two different worlds.As theworld has a population of 7 billion, it follows that there should be 7 billion worlds.【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。 作者回忆起在尼泊尔发生的一件事： 两位朋友在面对雨后泥泞的道

28、路时，看法完全不一样，一位为此而抱怨，一位则为此而欣喜。因此， 不同的人眼中的世界是不同的。1 became/had become 解析：考查动词的时态。根据上下文语境可知，此处可用一般 过去时，表示过去发生的动作；因为“道路变得泥泞”这一动作发生在“ sat ”之前，所以 此处也可用过去完成时。故填became/had become 。2 mine 解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，作者的一位朋友一路上一直在抱怨，此处应用 I 的名词性物主代词作介词“ of ”的宾语。故填mine 。3 walking 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主语"she"和动词 walk

29、之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，所以此处应用 walk 的现在分词形式作状语。故填 walking 。4 impatiently 解析：考查词性转换。分析词法知识可知，此处应用副词修饰动词“ said ”；根据语境可知，作者的那位朋友很不耐烦地抱怨着，故应用否定形式。故填 impatiently 。5. if 解析：考查固定搭配。what if是固定搭配，意为“如果该怎么办”，符合语境。故填if。6. to comfort 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，作者点头是为了安慰那位朋 友，此处应用动词不定式表目的。故填 to comfort 。7. to 解析：考查介词。句意：几分钟之后，作者的另一

30、位朋友来到了同一个地方。 come to意为“来到（某地）”，符合语境。故填 to。8. What解析：考查感叹句。根据句法结构可知，fun是不可数名词，所以此处应用what引导这个感叹句。故填What。注意首字母大写。9. entirely 解析：考查副词。句意：在雨季，最令人高兴的是人们可以完全避开灰 尘。此处修饰be动词，故用形容词 entire 的副词形式，故填 entirely 。10. were 解析：考查主谓一致和动词的时态。纵观全文时态并结合语境可知，此处应 用一般过去时；there be 结构后的"two different worlds ”为复数概念，所以此处be

31、动词应用一般过去时的复数形式。故填 were。n、七选五How to Exercise Every Week ConsistentlyIn my experience people, especially me, do not work out consistently for two reasons : time and method. TimeThree weeks ago I was finding every excuse in the book to justify why I did not have a chance to exercise. In my mind all my

32、reasons are valid, and I am sure yours are too.Here is a little secret, both you and I have more than enough time to work out. 1. If you want to exercise more or finish your to-do-list,you have to startplanning well. The method2. .For me, two options came to mind, before work, and after work. During

33、 the morning I go to work, and after work I do not have the energy.Since my mornings and evenings are not available, I changed my way and looked at my work day. It turns out that 4. . I realized that my job has access to a gym, and decided to switch my lunch hour for a workout break.- 4.I ' ve b

34、een hitting the gym at least four times per week for the past two weeks! Nowthat I have a set time to get moving, I have no issues working out consistently, and I tend to exercise more days during the week. 5.You might be thinking an hour is not a lot of time. Is that enough?The answer is yes! You d

35、o not need a lot of time in the gym to see results. All you need is consistent and a good plan.A. The plansB. The resultsC. Last week I went to the gym six daysD. Review your day and look fo r a 1-hour block to workoutE. I was wasting my lunch break looking through social mediaF. Reconsider your pro

36、blems and try to solve them in a different wayG. The problem is not how much time we have but how we are using it【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了每个星期都坚持锻炼的具体做法。1. G解析：根据空格上一句可知，你和“我”实际上都有足够的时间锻炼。G项“问题不是我们有多少时间而是我们怎么利用时间”承接上文，符合语境。故选Go2. D解析：空格后一句是说对“我”来说，能抽出的时间就是上班前和下班后。D项“回顾你的一天，然后抽出1小时的时间来锻炼”是对空格后一句的整体概述，空格后一

37、句是对D项的举例说明。故选 Do3. E 解析：E项中的关键词"lunch break "与空格后一句中的"lunch hour "相照 应，符合语境。故选 E。4. B解析：空格处是本段的标题句，是对该段内容的概括。 根据该段中的“ I' ve beenhitting the gym at least four times per week for the past two weeks!"可知， 这段介绍的是计划执行的结果。故选B。5. C解析：空格上一句是说“我”尽量每周多花几天去锻炼。C项“上周我有六天都去了健身房”与此紧密衔接，

38、是对其的例证，符合语境。故选 Q出、短文改错I usually go to school by bike.And this morning I went on foot.On the way to school ,I happen to witness an accident.A middle-aged woman was knocked down by a car while crosses the street.Seeing that was happening on the scene , I made rush for the woman to help.One passer - by got out of his cellphone and called the police.I helped to carry the woman to safe and dress her wound. Around ten minutes late, an ambulance arrived,feeling happily that I couldand took him to hospital.I continued my way to school offer