英语语法经典例题800例

1、英语语法经典例题800例：非谓语动词(例题1)【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有 时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习 有所帮助。更多内容尽在。1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we co uld a good college.A. enter B. to enter(1) entering D. entered【陷阱】容易误选Ao有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词could就断定此处应填动词原形enter。【分析】其实正确答案应是 Bo此句为省略句，即在 coul

2、d后省略了 动词 do ,若把句子补完整应为Everyone in our class was working hardand doing what we could do to enter a good college 。即句中的不定 式短语(to enter a good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could) 一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：(2) They did what they could to comfort her.他们尽量安慰她。(3) They did everything they could to save her life.他们尽一切力 量拯

3、救她的性命。(4) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmat es.他拼命学习以便赶上他的同学。值得指出的是，这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带to不定式。请看以下试题：(5) He ran as fast as he could to catch the early bus.A. to hope B. hopeC. hoping D. hoped此题的答案是 C不是A,其中的现在分词短语hoping to catch theearly bus用作伴随状语。(6) He spent every minu

4、te he could spoken English.A. practise B. to practiseC. practising D. practised此题答案选C,这与前面动词spent的搭配有关，即 spend(in)doing sth。若将此句补充完整，即为 He spent every minute he could s pend in practising spoken English.(7) Before going abroad he devoted all he could D his oral English.A. improve B. to improveC. imp

5、roving D. to improving此题答案选 D,注意两点：一是 devoteto是固定搭配，意为 “把贡献给;二是其中的to是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要 用动名词。2. He knows nothing about it, so he can' t help any of y our work.A. doing B. to doC. being doing D. to be done【陷阱】容易误选B,根据can' t help doing sth这一结构推出。【分析】其实答案应选Ao比较以下结构：can' t help to do sth =不能帮

6、助做某事can' t help doing sth =禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事.页脚.又如下面一题，答案也是 B:She can' t help the house because she' s busy making a ca ke.A cleaning B. to cleanC. cleaned D. being cleaned再请看以下试题：While shopping, people sometimes can' t help into buying s omething they don ' t really need.A. to per

7、suade B. persuadingC. being persuaded D. be persuaded此题应选C,句中的can' t help意为“禁不住”(注意根据句意用被动 形式)。3. All her time experiments, she has no time for films.A. devoted to do B. devoted to doingC. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题最佳答案为Bo现分析如下：devote 意为"致力于，献身于"，主要用

8、 devote to或be devote d to,其中的to是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不 用不定式。(2)选A错误：若将 do改为doing则可以。(3)选 B 正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments 为独立主 格结构，用作状语。(4)选C错误：因为all her time与devote为被动关系，故应将 dev oting 改为 devoted 。（5）选 D 错误：若单独看 All her time is devoted to doing experime nts,此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连

9、接方式， 所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so ,则可选D,或将D将中的is改为being也可选它。英语语法经典例题800例：虚拟语气（例题）【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时 难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所 帮助。更多内容尽在。1. I forget where I read the article, or I it to you now.A. will show B. would showC. am going to show D. am showing【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】正确答案选Bo

10、根据上文的语境可知句中的 or隐含有一个虚 拟的条件，即 or=if I didn ' t forget where I read the article（要是我没忘 记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话一一但事实上忘了）。2. It looks as if he were drunk." So it does. .A. He' d better give up drinkingB. He shouldn ' t have drunk so muchC. Health is more important than drinkD. I wonder why he is a

11、lways doing so【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是受句中drunk 一词的影响。【分析】 最佳答案为 D。关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk中 的虚拟语气，句子既然用了虚拟语气，也就是说，“他喝醉了”不是事实，只 是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此题的最佳答案是Do3. Mary looks hot and dry" So you if you had so high a f ever.A. do B. areC. will D. would【陷阱】容易误选A或Co选A者，认为前后两句的动词性质应一致；选C者，认为其后带有if条件状语从句，从

12、语气上看，主句应用将来时态。【分析】此题最佳答案为 D。分析如下：(1) so +助动词+主语”是一个很有用的结构，它表示“也一样"时。 如：He likes to watch TV, and so do I.他喜欢看电视，我也一样。When animals and plants disappear, so will man.当动植物消失的 时候，人类也会随之消失。(2)由于空格后的if条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语气(这是很重要的信息)，所以主句要用would而不用will,即答案应选Do英语语法经典例题800例：强调句(例题)【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和

13、词组有时 难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所 帮助。更多内容尽在。1. that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.A. It was we being late B. It was our being lateC. It was we were too late D. It was because we were late【陷阱】此题容易误选 D,认为强调的是原因状语从句because we were late。【分析】但实际上，此题的答案为B,强调的是句子主语our being late,

14、此题若还原成非强调句，即为:.页脚.1Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usu al.注意，强调句的一个显著特点是，若去掉强调结构it is wasthat,句子仍然成立；换句话说，该结构中的 that不能充当句子成分。2. How was they discovered the entrance to the undergrou nd palace?” Totally by chance.”A. it that B. he thatC. it when D. he which【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。

15、【分析】答案选A,为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式 为：It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式： Who was it saved the drowning girl?A. since B. as C. that D. he答案选C,被强调成分为 who ,该句实为类似It was Tom that savedthe drowning girl.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的Tom提问而得）。2） ）

16、 What is it his daughter needs most?A. what B. which C. that D. if答案选C,被强调成分为 what,该句实为类似 It is a bike that his d aughter needs most.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式 （即对其中的a bike提 问而得）。3） was very that little Jim wrote the letter.A. It, careful B. It, carefullyC. He, careful D. He, carefully【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，但最有可能误选的可能是

17、A,认为这是一个普通的系表结构，即认为第二空要填形容词作表语。【分析】其实，此题是一个强调句，其非强调形式为Little Jim wrotethe letter very carefully.若用it is that 的强调句式强调其中的状语 very carefully即为上面一题的题干，所以答案应选 B。请看下面几例，也属强调结构： It was when she was about to go to bed the telephone rang.A. since B. as C. that D. then答案选 C,被强调成分为 when she was about to go to b

18、ed这一时 间状语从句。(2) It may have been at Christmas John gave Mary a handba g.A. before B. who C. that D. when答案选C,被强调成分为at Christmas ,其中的动词 be采用了 mayhave been这一较为复杂的形式。4. Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterda y?” It was in the hall the studentsoften have a meeting.”A. where B. whi

19、chC. that D. when【陷阱】很可能误选 C,认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall 。【分析】假若选 C,即有 It was in the hall that the students oftenhave a meeting ,该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的？”假若将答句改为It was in the hall that I found the professor ,则完全可以。其实，此题的最佳答案是A, where th

20、e students often have a meeting为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词the hall,句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)"，这样语意就通顺了。5. It was what he meant rather than what he said annoyed me.A. which B. asC. what D. that【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填that (即选D),被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said。句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意

21、思”。请再看两例：(1) It was his nervousness in the interview probably lost him the job.A. which B. since C. that D. what答案选C,为强调句型，被强调成分为his nervousness in the interview,句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。(2) It is the ability to do the job matters not where you co .页脚.1me from or what you are.A. one B. that C. wh

22、at D. it答案选B,为强调句型，被强调成分为the ability to do the job,句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的”。英语语法大全经典例题800例：名词性从句（例题）【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时 难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所 帮助。更多内容尽在。典型陷阱题分析1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understoo d he said meant.A. that B. whatC. that tha

23、t D. what what【陷阱】可能误选Bo许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D,认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况不太可能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不 行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择了Bo【分析】正确答案选 D。第一个what用作动词 meant的宾语，第二 个 what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said这样一

24、个主 语从句。2. After had happened he could not continue to work ther e.A. which B. howC. what D. having【陷阱】可能误选Ao【分析】最佳答案选 Co有的同学误选 A,是因为认为介词后应接关系 代词which,但实际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这根据不是一个 定语从句。另外，由于 had happened缺主语，所以B和D也不能选。请 再做下面一题（答案选B）:He pointed to looked like a tomb and said, Ghost.”A. that B. whatC. wh

25、ich D. as3. Is you want to say?” asked the teacher.A. this B. thatC. all that D. that all【陷阱】根据中文字面意思误选A或B。【分析】最佳答案选 D。假若选A或B,那么转换成陈述句即为：Thisis you want to say. / That is you want to say.显然句中的两个谓语动词is与want相冲突。选 D组成的句子是Is that all you want to say?其中的that为句子主语，all为表语，you want to say为定语从句，用以修 饰 all。4.

26、When leave for Japan?" When leave for Japan is kept secret.”A. they will, will they B. will they, they willC. they will, they will D. will they, will they【陷阱】可能误选D,认为when后应用疑问句词序。【分析】最佳答案选 Bo第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句，故用 疑问词序；第二个when引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。请做以 下试题（答案选C）：(1) None knows if that boy, but if hi

27、m, her parents will be disappointed.A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marriesC. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry(2) Where go to work?” Where go to work is not known.”A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall weC. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we5.

28、 Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see .A. who is he B. who he isC. who is it D. who it is【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题最佳答案为 D。首先可以排除 A和C,因为空格处实为一 个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句词序。另一方面，但按英语习惯，当用于指 代身份不明的人时，要用代词 it,而不用he或she等。比较以下两句：Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you.史密斯先生在门口， 他想见你。Someone is at the door. I

29、t may be the postman. 有个人在门口, 可 能是邮递员。第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith ,所以后面用代词 he;而第二句因前 面用的是不定代词 someone ,说明此人身份尚不明确， 故其后用了代词it 来指代。6. Don' t you know, my dear friend, it is your money not y ou that she loves?A. who B. which.页脚.1C. that D. what【陷阱】此题容易误选A或B:选A的同学认为这是指人的，故用 who；选B的同学认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语

30、从句 （注意没有先行词）。【分析】其实答案应选Co that引导的是一个宾语从句，用作动词 kno w的宾语，它只是被句中的插入语my dear friend隔开罢了。请做以下试题（答案土自为C）： Everyone knows, perhaps except you, your girl-friend is a cheat.A. who B. whichC. that D. what（2） I think, though I could be mistaken, she liked me.A. who B. whichC. that D. what（3） He told me the new

31、s, believe it or not, he had earned $1 000 in a single day.A. that B. whichC. as D. because前面两题that引导宾语从句，后面一题 that同位语从句（修饰the ne ws）。英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，本章主要介绍英语语法中的句子成分，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。特殊同位语归纳当两个词或词组在一个句子中具有相同的语法地位而且描述相同的人 或事物时，我们称它们为同位语。基本形式的同位语大家一般不会出错，但 有几种同位语，或由于本身结构

32、特殊，或由于它修饰的成分结构比较特殊， 往往会引起误解。现小结并举例说明如下，希望引起同学们的注意。1 .代词we, us, you等后接同位语Are you two reading? 你们二人在看书吗 ？They three joined the school team.他们 3 人参加了校队。She has great concern for us students. 她对我们学生彳艮关心。He asked you boys to be quiet.他要你们男孩子安静些。We girls often go to the movies together. 我女孩子经常一起去 看电影。2 .不

33、定式用作同位语Soon came the order to start the general attack.彳艮快下达了 发起 总攻的命令。(to start the general attack 与 the order 同位)He followed the instruction to walk along a certain street where I picked him up.他照吩咐沿某一条街走，我在那里接他上了车。(to walk a10ng 与 the instruction 同位)3 . -ing分词用作同位语He's getting a job tonight driving a truck.他今晚得到一个开卡车的 差事。（driving a track 与 a job 同位）She got a place in a laundry ironing shirts.她在一家洗衣店得至U一 个熨衣服的职位。（ironing shirts与a place同位）The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down.第一个计戈U是夜袭，被拒绝了。（attacking at night 与 the first plan 同位）4 .形容词用作同位语The current affair,