（整理版高中英语）高二英语暑假专题形容词和副词（一）人教实验

1、高二英语高二英语暑假专题：形容词和副词暑假专题：形容词和副词一一人教实验版人教实验版【本讲教育信息本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：暑假专题：形容词和副词一学习内容一、几个形容词修饰一个名词时的语序 当同时用几个形容词来修饰一个名词时，一般可按照以下顺序：限定词描绘性形容词大小、新旧、式样颜色产地国别 作定语的名词被修饰名词。如： some lovely chinese children 一些可爱的中国儿童限定词描绘性形容词国别 a small black leather handbag 一个小的黑色皮包大小颜色作定语的名词表示材料a red german sports car 一辆红色的德国赛车

2、颜色国别作定语的名词表示用途 a small old stone bridge 一座老的小石桥大小新旧作定语的名词 注意： 限定词放在最前面，作定语的名词紧靠被修饰词；同种类的形容词，短在前、长在后，序数词放在基数词之前。如： the first two books 最初的两本书但是，这里所讲的语序并不是一成不变的。 二、需放在被修饰语之后的形容词 形容词作定语，一般放在名词的前面。但如果被修饰语是由 some, any, every 和 no 构成的不定代词时，用作定语的形容词必须放在它所修饰的词后面，如： there is nothing new in his report. 他的报告里没

3、有什么新东西 。 is there anything important? 有什么重要的事情吗? he told me something very important. 他告诉我一些很重要的事。 there is nothing wrong with him. 他没有错。 so far nobody important has visited this place. 到目前为止，还没有重要人物来这儿看过。 注意：英语中有些形容词一般只能作表语，不能放在名词前作定语 ，如以 a-开头的形容词，afraid, asleep, alone, awake, alive。另外，ill, glad, s

4、orry, sure, well 也不能放在名词前作定语。 注意： sick患病与 ill 不同，sick 既可以作表语也可以作定语而 ill 那么不能，试比拟：these children are ill/sick. 这些孩子病了。 the nurse is taking care of the sick children. 护士正在照料患病的孩子们。 不能用 ill另外，在度量衡用语中，形容词通常放在度量单位之后。例如： im 1.80 metres tall. 我身高 1.80 米。 the room is 32 feet wide. 这间房子有 32 英尺宽。 三、三种要求形容词作表语

5、的系动词 形容词除与系动词 be 连用作表语外，还可以与其他一些系动词连用。 1 表示一种特征、状态、感觉的系动词，如： appear显得 ，look看似 ，seem似乎 ，feel觉得 ，taste尝 ，smell闻 ，sound听 。the meat tastes good. 这肉味道好。 he doesnt seem happy. 他似乎不快乐。 im not feeling well today. 我今天不舒服。 well 用作形容词，做表语只能表示身体好 2 表示状态转变的系动词，意为“变得、 “变成，如：become, get, grow, turn 等。 its gettingg

6、rowing dark. 天渐渐地黑了。 the hill has turned green. 山变绿了。 3 表示保持某种状态的系动词，如：remain仍然是 ，keep保持等。 the problem remains unsolved. 问题仍然未解决。 keep quiet, please! 请安静! 四、某些以-ly 结尾的形容词 英语中有一些以-ly 结尾的形容词，不要误以为是副词。 deadly 致命的 friendly 友好的 lonely 孤单的 likely 可能的 lovely 可爱的 lively 愉快的 brotherly 兄弟般的 fatherly 父亲似的 ugly

7、 难看的 silly 愚蠢的 还有一些与时间有关的词，虽以-ly 结尾，但既可以用作形容词又可以用作副词，如：daily 每日的 weekly 每周一次的 monthly 每月一次的 yearly 每年一次的 五、名词用作形容词 1 名词用来作定语修饰另一个名词时，相当于一个形容词，如： ticket office 售票处 book store 书店 traffic accident 交通事故 table leg 桌子腿 2 名词用作形容词修饰另一名词时，一般都用单数形式，而且总是放在被修饰的名词之前 。如： shoe repairers 修鞋人 ring finger 无名指 wine gl

8、ass 酒杯 cigarette lighter 打火机 也有一些是例外，如： sports car 赛车 clothes shop 服装店 arms production 武器生产 注意： 名词作定语与形容词作定语意思相差较大。 gold ring 金戒指 golden ring 镀金金黄色戒指stone wall 石墙 stony heart 铁石心肠 colour tv set 彩色电视机 colourful life 多彩的生活 六、带有数字的复合形容词 当复合形容词用连字号连接时，其中的名词用单数形式。主要有两种结构： 1 数词+名词。 a three-hour flight 一次三

9、小时的飞行 a three-pound chicken 一个重三磅的鸡 a two-hundred-metre bridge 一座二百米长的桥 a five-hundred-word letter 一封五百字的信 2 数词+名词+形容词。 a three-year-old boy 一个三岁的男孩 a fifty-metre-wide river 一条五十米宽的河七、同形的副词和形容词 跑得快快车fastruntrainfast工作努力干活卖力干活卖力的工人。hardworkskerworhard样样事情做得对正确的回答rightngdoeverythianswerright足够大足够的食物en

10、oughearglfoodenough工作得晚傍晚lateworkafternoonlatethein来得早一大早earlcomemorningearlythein其他如 straight, wide, high, low 也都能用作形容词和副词。例如： he drew a straight line on the paper. 他在纸上划了一条直线。 he went straight to the room. 他径直朝那房子走去。 八、具有两种形式的副词 英语中有些副词有两种形式，但其意义不同。 the station is quite near. 车站就在附近。near 用作形容词 he

11、lives near. 他就住在附近。near 用作副词 its nearly nine oclock. 将近九点钟了。nearly 用作副词，但其含义是：将近、几乎 )hard(。.kerworhardaishe。.hardistestthe。hardiscakethe用作形容词人他是一个干活卖力的工测验太难这蛋糕太硬we all work hard. 我们都努力工作。hard 用作副词 )。hardly(。.skytheincloudahardlywasthere。.youdtanundershardlycani几乎不意为天空几乎没有云彩我不太懂你的意思he is late. 他迟到了。l

12、ate 用作形容词 he went to bed late last night. 他昨晚很晚才睡觉。late 用作副词 have you seen her lately? 你最近看见过她吗?lately 意为：最近 注意： 除上述几个词外，英语中还有一些具有两种形式的副词。如： deep 深-deeply 深深地 high 高-highly 高度地 wide 宽-widely 广泛地 he jumps higher than i. 他比我跳得高。 he opened all the windows wide to let the fresh air in. 他把所有的窗户开得很大，好让新鲜空

13、气进来。 she is widely known in china. 她在中国的知名度很高。 九、形容词比拟级和最高级的构成 1 单音节形容词加-er 和-est 构成其比拟级和最高级。 strong-stronger-the strongest new-newer-the newest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er 和-est。 如：big-bigger-biggest，hot-hotter-hottest，thin-thinner-thinnest。 2 三音节或三音节以上的形容词前加 more 和 most，构成其比拟级和最高级。 interes

14、ting-more interesting-the most interesting important-more important-the most important 3 双音节形容词中，一般以-y,-er,-ow,-ple 等结尾的词加-er,-est。 pretty-prettier-the prettiest 漂亮的 clever-cleverer-the cleverest 聪明的 simple-simpler-the simplest 简单的 narrow-narrower-the narrowest 狭窄的 常用的词有：easy容易 ，lazy懒 ，happy快乐的 ，fun

15、ny有趣的 。 4 以-ful,-ing 结尾的双音节词一般加 more/most。 doubtful-more doubtful-the most doubtful 注意： 英语中，有些双音节形容词可以加 more/most，也可以加-er ，-est 构成比拟级和最高级，常见的词有：friendly, clever, narrow, common。 十、副词比拟级和最高级的构成 1 副词比拟级和最高级形式通常加 more 和 most 构成。例如： quickly-more quickly-most quickly slowly-more slowly-most slowly 2 与形容词

16、同形的副词，其构成方式与相应的形容词相同。例如： fast-faster-fastest hard-harder-hardest early-earlier-earliest 十一、少数形容词和副词的比拟级、最高级是不规那么的。原级比拟级最高级wellgoodbetterbestbadlyillbadworseworstmuchmanymoremostlittlelessleastoldestoldelderoldereldest十二、同等程度比拟的要点 1 asas 之间一定要用形容词或副词原形，如： i am as old as you. 我和你年龄一样大。 tom works as ha

17、rd as mary. 汤姆和玛丽工作一样努力。 注意：“asas可用 almost, quite, just, just about, nearly, twice, by no means根本修饰，置于“asas之前。2 so 用以替代第一个 as 时，只能用于否认句，如： john is not as/so clever as jack. 约翰不像杰克那样聪明。 he doesnt read as/so clearly as she. 他读得不像她那样清楚。 she didnt sing as/so well that night as she usually does. 她那天晚上唱得没

18、有平时好。3 as much+不可数名词+as，而 as many+可数名词复数+as。 bob has read as many books as mary. 鲍伯和玛丽读了一样多的书。 there is as much water in this bottle as in that bottle. 这瓶子里的水和那瓶子里的水一样多。 4as+ adj.+不定冠词+可数名词单数+asgerman is as difficult a language as english. as+ adj.+不可数名词+asbread is as important food as rice.【模拟试题模拟试

19、题】1. the modern machine proved _ in heart surgery.a. high valuableb. highly valuable c. valuable high d. valuable highly2. mr. johnson and his _ daughter do not always understand each other.a. older b. the oldest c. eldest d. the eldest3. they _ thought that the truth would be finally discovered.a.

20、little b. not c. small d. bit4. they hardly believe that the apartment which costs them $ 4,000 is _.a. so smallb. such littlec. so little d. such small5. if a claim is kept _, it is more likely to be recognized.a. live b. lived c. alive d. living6. on his way to school he met _, so he sent him to h

21、ospital.a. very ill man b. much sick man c. serious ill mand. very sick man7. she was operated a month ago but now she was _.a. very good b. very wellc. healthy d. good conditioned8. what i would do is to go _.a. really quietly somewhereb. somewhere quietly reallyc. really quiet somewhered. somewher

22、e really quiet9. the chairman asked _ to write their questions on a piece of paper and send them to the front.a. the present members b. the members presently c. the members presentd. the presently members10. the price was very reasonable; i would gladly have paid _ he asked.a. three times much as b.

23、 three times as many as c. as three times much asd. three times as much as11. the trousers are _, but tom does not care a bit.a. too a little small b. a little too small c. a too little small d. a small too little12. she wore a dress to the party that was far more attractive than _.a. other girlsb.

24、that of other girlsc. the other girlsd. those of other girls13. he can play tennis better than _ in the class.a. any boys b. any other boy c. any boy d. any other14. kasia is taking her _ tour of the shops in search of bargains.a. daily b. day c. day time d. night15. _ the child expresses his intere

25、st in an activity, the stronger it will become.a. the more frequentb. the frequenterc. the more frequentlyd. the frequentlier16. wed better wait _ , peter and tom will come very soon.a. a little longer b. more longerc. long d. as longer17. although the medicine tastes _, it seems to help my conditio

26、n.a. bad b. badly c. too much bad d. too badly18. when she got her first month salary, diana bought herself _ dress.a. a cotton , blue expensiveb. an expensive blue, cottonc. a blue, expensive cotton d. a cotton, expensive blue19. the doctors have tried _ to save the life of the wounded soldier.a. e

27、verything possible humanly b. humanly everything possible c. everything humanly possible d. humanly possible everything20. i was worried very much because ill miss my flight if the bus arrives _. a. lately b. late c. laterd. more later21. the noise outside was _ his speech was hardly audible.a. too

28、irritating thatb. so irritating soc. so irritating thatd. so irritating enough that22. the harder the shrub is to grow, _.a. the more higher price it b. the higher price it isc. the higher the price is d. the higher is the price23. the photographs of mars taken by satellite are _ taken from the earth.a. clearest than thoseb. clearer than that c. much clear than those d. much clearer than those24. _ anywhere in the united states