2020年天津高考英语复习：专题六完形填空

1、第二部分语言知识运用 第一节完形填空 专题六完形填空 挖命题 【考情探究】 、-、 时间 考点 、 2018 夏 2018 春 2017 夏 2017 春 2016 2015 2014 动词 9 9 8 8 8 4 8 完形 考频统计 名词、代词 9 3 6 5 5 6 4 形容词 1 3 3 3 3 4 5 填空 副词 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 介词 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 连词 0 0 1 2 1 2 1 考点内容 完形填空要求考生根据文章的整体内容 符合文章情节的答案。 理清文章的结构层次和内容的逻辑关系 ，去选择 分析解读 天津市近五年高考完形填空的语篇词数在 2 7 0 3 5

2、 0之 间，设 空2 0个 。 语 篇 都 传递了正能量，故事主线与情感主线并行，都为记叙文。天津市高考完形填空几乎不会对语法 或单词辨析进行单独考查，而是侧重将词汇的使用放在上下文语境中进行考查。 通常情况下 每道题的四个选项词性相同，考查频率最高的是动词，其次是名词。做题时需要考生关注前后 句逻辑和上下文的呼应，围绕文章主线来进行作答。 【真题典例】 秋 记迥 題材：戲事 32() 手* 诒篇解读：作割料(齢学狡足號敵输瞬煜程看数如倉无准备的肌伍 纠為玮臭 作曹抉定改娅歟盘缚带领駅伍取将了一场丈一场舵利由此得出结血 主前.面是通过驴力研血州来的 真题再现 Noon e is born a

3、winner. People makethemselves in to wi nners by their own 1_. I lear ned this less on from a(n) 2 many years ago. I took the head 3 job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. It was a tradition for the school s old team to play against the 4 team at the e

4、nd of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn t even practice to 5 the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn t 6 I had got into such a situation. Thinking.had abouO it, . . 0 cam

5、et。. 7 that . my team m.ight . not be t.h.e. number one team in. Georgia, . buO they were 8 me： I had to change my 9 about their ability and potential. I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 10 . Most important, I began to treat them like 11 . That summer, when the other teams

6、enjoyed their 12 , we met every day and 13 passing and kicking the football. Six mon ths after sufferi ng our 14 on the spri ng practice field, we w on our first gamea nd our sec ond, and con ti nued to 15 . Fin ally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a 16 for us eve

7、n if welost the game. But that wasn t what happened. Myboys beat the best team in Georgia, giving meone of the greatest 17 of mylife! From the experienee I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 18_ the membersof a team. In stead of see ing myboys as losers, I pushed a nd 19_ them. I

8、 helped them to see themselves 20 , and they built themselves into winners. Winners are made, not born.1.A.luck B.tests C.efforts D. 阅读点拨 开篇就写明了作者要表达 的观点。 to one s disappointment 令某人失 望的是 译文：我努力想了想，开始 意识到我的队伍也许不是 佐治亚州排名第一的队伍, 但是他们取决于我。 句中现在分词短语 Thinking hard about it 作 状语realize 后为 that 引 导的宾语从句。 文章

9、最后重申自己的观 点，呼应了开头。 高效解题 2. 文章讲述了作者多年前的一段经历 ，因此他是从自己的经历(experienee)中得知这个道理 的。experiment 实验；visit 拜访，参观;show 表演。根据倒数第二段第一句 From the experienee I learned a lot. 也可得知答案。 4. 根据第三段首句里的 old team 和 against 可知，是&ld team和 hewteam对阵。根据下文 的 Being the coach of the newteam 也可以得出答案。 5. 空后句提到，作为教练，作者原本以为自己的队伍会取胜

10、 ，所以感到非常高兴，设空处所在 句指出了作者有这种想法的原因 ，即老队伍不仅没有教练，甚至都没有为这次比赛做准备。 cheer for. 为 . 喝彩;prepare for 为 . 做准备;help with 帮助;finish with. 以 . 结 束。 14.根据上文内容可知，作者的队伍曾经被打败过，由此可知选 Ao defeat 失败;deeline 下降， 衰退;aeeident 事故;mistake 错误。 20.根据文章内容可知，作者帮助队员们改变了他们对自己的看法 ，虽然他们曾经输掉过比赛 3.A.operat ing B.edit ing C.con sult ing D

11、.eoaehi ng 4. A.sueeessful B.exeelle nt C.stro ng D.new 5. A.eheer for B.prepare for C.help with D.finish with 6.A.believe B.agree C.deseribe D.regret 7.A.realize B.elaim C.permit D.demand 8.A.reaeti ng to B.looki ng for C.depending on D.earing about 9.A.deeisio n B.attitude C.con elusi on D.i nten

12、ti on 10.A. pride B.eulture C.fort une D.relati on ship II.A.leaders B.part ners C.winners D.l earners 12.A. rewards B.vaeati ons C.health D.honor 13.A. risked B.missed C.con sidered D.praetieed 14. A.defeat B.deeli ne C.aeeide nt D.mistake 15.A. relax B.improve C.expand D.defe nd 16.A.shame B.burde

13、 n C.vietory D.favor 17.A.eha nces B.thrills C.concerns D.offers 18.A.surprise B.serve C.i nterest D.affeet 19.A.e ncouraged B.observed C.proteeted D.impressed 20. A.honestly B.i ndividually C.ealmly D.differe ntly 2. A.experiment B.experie nee C.visit D.show 但是没有把自己当成失败者 , 由此可知应为 differently（ 不同地 ）

14、 。 本题完整解析见第 188 页 命题角度 完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一 , 它要求考生能够领悟一篇有空缺的文章的 语篇大意 ,根据已学知识 , 整体理解 ,通篇考虑 ,推导“未知”内容。它具有主观性测试和客观性 测试的双重优点。 它既可以在篇目中考查学生的英语基础知识 ,即语法、 词汇知识 ,又可以考 查学生运用所学语言知识的能力 , 如词义辨析、词语搭配、习惯用法、语言交际、文化背景 和社会风俗等。 同时它还要求学生必须具备良好的把握行文逻辑和篇章结构的能力。 考生必 须在一定的时间内读懂文章 , 把握作者意图 ,推断文章内涵 , 然后根据上下文语境 , 从整体上 把握文章的内

15、在逻辑关系 , 结合所学的语言知识和各种常识选出符合语境和文意的词语。 （1） 近五年高考完形填空设空特点 : 第一句话通常不设空 , 给学生提供基本信息。短文 中设空的平均间距在 1015 词之间。每小题所给出的四个选项一般属于相同的词类 ，且属 于同一范畴 ;干扰项也多半可以和空前或空后的词语构成搭配 ,从而起到一定的干扰和迷惑 作用。 （2） 近五年高考完形填空立意特点 : 题目把上下文语境理解放在第一位 ， 词汇运用和语 法知识放在第二位。词汇的考查面越来越宽 ，但完形填空的选项设置以实词为主，即名词、 动词、形容词和副词等，以虚词为辅，即连词、介词等。所设选项更具有干扰性和迷惑性 ，

16、 直接根据语法和固定搭配就能选出答案的试题越来越少 ，设空与语境的联系更加密切。 语篇类别 （一） 记叙文型完形填空 记叙文型完形填空可分为记事和记人两种形式。在记事性记叙文的完形填空中 ，作者在 文章的第一句就已经把事件及其发生的时间、 地点、人物交代清楚 ，然后对这件事情的发生、 发展进行陈述。 通过对事件的叙述 ， 反映出作者的某种思想 ， 最后得出事件产生的结果。 记叙 文在高考中占了很大的比例。这些记叙文有人物故事、历史故事、励志故事等 ， 作者切入的 角度也各有不同 ， 涉及社会、家庭、历史、文化、健康、当今社会科学的最新发展等方面。 作为每年高考的一个主打体裁 ， 记叙文一般有以

17、下两个特点 : 1. 情节曲折，信息量大 ，结尾往往出人意料。 近年高考完形填空往往在情节上有较大的曲 折变化 ， 并且结果出人意料 ， 在文章的写作风格上作者不再是单纯地去叙述某个人、某件事 ， 而是在叙述过程中把对人物的语言、行为、心理活动的描写也都融入进去 ， 这样无疑就增加 了考生理解的难度。因此对于考生来说应理清故事发展的脉络 ， 根据人物的语言、行为及心 理活动等去了解作者的写作意图 ， 对故事的发展和结局作出合理的想象和预测。 2. 文章内容多为中学生所关注和熟悉的话题 ，有亲切感 ，能引起学生的共鸣。 近两年高考 完形填空中有很多是反映人际关系、当今科学发展对人际关系的影响等的

18、文章 ， 这些是考生 在生活中接触比较多的话题 ，因此对于考生来说容易接受 ，没有陌生感。 （二） 夹叙夹议型完形填空 此类文章往往是高考中较难的题目 ，也是最易失分的一种文章体裁。从近两年的高考完 形填空来看，很多完形填空往往在平淡的叙述中蕴涵着深刻的人生哲理。 鉴于这一点，考生不 但要理解文章的字面意思，更重要的是挖掘文章的内涵。 只有做到了这一点，考生才能透彻地 理解文章，做好完形填空。夹叙夹议型的完形填空一般有以下三个特点 ： 1.先叙述作者自己的某一次生活经历或见闻 ，然后针对这一事件发表对生活的看法或揭 示生活的真理。 2作者先提出一种观点或看法 ，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事

19、例加以说明 ，有时 也可能是用几个事例从不同的方面来说明。 3. 提出一种观点，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点 ，最后再进一步地总结和升华观点。 对于夹叙夹议型的完形填空，抓住作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类 题目的关键，而作者叙述所发生的事件或生活经历只是为说明其观点或阐述道理服务的。 Cloze 1(2018 天津夏)词数:320 Noone is born a winner. People makethemselves into winners by their own 1 . I lear ned this less on from a(n) 2 ma ny years a

20、go. I took the head 3 job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weakfootball program. It was a tradition for the school s old team to play against the 4 team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn t even practice to 5 the game. Being the coach

21、of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to mydisappointment we were defeated. I couldn t 6 I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to 7 that myteam might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were 8 me. I had to change my _9 about the

22、ir ability and potential. I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 10 . Most important, I began to treat them like 11 . That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their 12 , we met every day and 13 passing and kicking the football. Six mon ths after sufferi ng our 14 on the spri n

23、g practice field, we w on our first gamea nd our sec ond, and con ti nued to 15 . Fin ally, we faced the nu mber o ne team in the state. I felt that it would be a 16 for us even if welost the game. But that wasn t what happened. Myboys beat the best team in Georgia, giving meone of the greatest 17 o

24、f mylife! From the experienee I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can _18 the membersof a team. In stead of see ing myboys as losers, I pushed a nd 19 them. I helped them to see themselves 20 , and they built themselves into winners.7.A 8.C Winners are made, not born. 1.A.luck B.tes

25、ts C.efforts D.nature 2.A.experiment B.experience C.visit D.show 3.A.operating B.editing C.consulting D.coaching 4.A.successful B.excellent C.strong D.new 5.A.cheer for B.prepare for C.help with D.finish with 6.A.believe B.agree C.describe D.regret 7.A.realize B.claim C.permit D.demand 8.A.reacting

26、to B.looking for C.depending on D.caring about 9.A.decision B.attitude C.conclusion D.intention 10.A.pride B.culture C.fortune D.relationship 11.A.leaders B.partners C.winners D.learners 12.A.rewards B.vacations C.health D.honor 13.A.risked B.missed C.considered D.practiced 14.A.defeat B.decline C.a

27、ccident D.mistake 15.A.relax B.improve C.expand D.defend 16.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor 17.A.chances B.thrills C.concerns D.offers 18.A.surprise B.serve C.interest D.affect 19.A.encouraged B.observed C.protected D.impressed 20.A.honestly B.individually C.calmly D.differently 答案 1.C 2.B 3. D 4

28、. D 5. B 6. A 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. B13. D 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. D Cloze 2（2018 天津春）词数:310 Years of living with a lisp （ 口齿不清） had taught me it was better not to say anything than to speak and risk embarrassment. As a result of my 1 , I felt distaneed from most of mypeers （同龄人） . Ka

29、thy?Oh, she s quiet. That s what most people would say whe nthey 2 me, as if Quiet were part of my 3 . I was okay with that. I didn t need to be 4 . Last September, however, that all 5 . I started my creative writing class with Ms. Haist. Every day we would be given a different writing task and, if

30、we wished, we could 6 what we had written. I 7 listening to others read their work and thinking: That will never be me. I ll never have the 8 to do that. On eday, I was really 9 with what I had writte n an d wa nted to share. Myheart was beating wildly as I raised myhand. Those 10 little voices were

31、 ringing in my ear, You have a lisp, remember? 11 , your writing isn t that good. Bequiet. I was about to 12 myhand whenl met Ms. Haist sencouraging eyes. I swallowed the voices downand let myreal voice 13 . I could hear it 14 as I read, and I could hear every stutter （结巴）and mistake. I finished rea

32、di ng, wait ing to be laughed at. 15 , I heard claps from the class and praise from Ms. Haist. 1. D 2. B 答案 3. A The next day, I did it 16 . Soon I was reading out loud nearly every day. Gradually, I realized that 17 mylisp, the class and the teacher always appreciated not be the most 18 , social pe

33、rson, but I ve become my writing. Now I may still better at oral presentations. I 19 read mypoetry out loud at a reading club. Every time those little voices try to tell me to be quiet, I think of all the encouragement I received in class and I knowthat 20 to be heard. 1.A.embarrassme B.exciteme C.h

34、umor D.sile 2.A.heard from B.talked of C.called on D.looked for 3.A. B.op in io C.duty D.bus in 4.A.see B.heard C.followed D.protected 5.A.disappeared B.returned C.developed D.changed 6.A.exam ine B.practice C.share D.copy 7. A.re B. con sider C.imagi D.remember 8.A.time B. cour C. patie D. evide 9.

35、A.busy B.strict C.pleased D.disappo in 10.A.tired B. urge nt C. fu D.cheerful II.A.Besides B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Normally 12.A.touch B.wave C.exte nd D.withdraw 13.A.go down B.die C.comeout D.calm down 14.A.shak ing B.si ngi C.shouti D.deepe ning 15.A.Sadly B.Hopefully C.H on estly D.Un expected

36、ly 16.A.again B.al C. already D. any 17.A.tha nks to B.i nstead of C.despite D.except 18.A.serious B.outgo ing C.n D.hardwork ing 19.A.eve B.still C.o nly D.seldom 20.A.fear B.agree C.deserve D. prete nd 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C

37、Cloze 3（2017 天津夏）词数：327 At my heaviest I weighed 370 poun ds. I had a very poor relati on ship with used it to 1 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. about my health, I tried manydifferent kinds of 2 but nothing worked. I believe that I could do nothing about my 3 . Whenl was

38、50, my weight problem began to affect me 4 . I didn t want the rest of mylife with this 5 weight any more. That year, I 6 a seminar where we were asked to create a project that wouldfood: I Worried came to to live 16.A.break ing B.floodi ng C.jumpi ng D.stepp ing 18.A.regularly B.limitlessly C.sudde

39、 nly touch the world. A seminar leader shared her 7 story she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children. 8 by her story, I created the As WeHeal（痊愈）,the World Heals 9 . My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 10 a movementfounded 30 years ago to

40、 end hunger. This comb in ati on of healing myself and healing the world 11 meas the perfect soluti on. 12 I would 13 began my own personal the same difficulties weight program, I was filled that beat me before. While with the fear that the 14 hung over my head, there were also sig ns that I was hea

41、ded downthe right 15 I sent letters to every one I kn ew, telli ng them about myproject. It worked perfectly. Don ati ons began 16 in from hundreds of people. Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I con sulted with a physician（内科医生）, I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat

42、small and17 meals. Myfun d-rais ing focus also gave menew motivation to exercise _18 A year later, 19_my goal:I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000!I feel that I ve been given a second life to devote to someth ing that is 20 a nd eno rmous. 1.A.add B.mix C.kill D.share 2.A.diets B.dri nks C.fruits D.

43、dishes 3.A.height B.ability C.wisdom 4.A.temporarily B.recen tly D.weight C.seriously D.secretly 5.A.ideal B.extra C.no rmal D.low 6.A. atte nded B.orga ni zed C.recomme nded D.me nti oned 7.A.folk B.success C.adve nture D.scie nee 8.A.Surprised B.Amused C.ln flue need D.Disturbed 9.A.project B.bus

44、in ess C.system D.custom 10.A.in search of B.in need of C.in place of D.in support of 11.A.scared B.con sidered C.c on fused D.struck 12.A.As B.U ntil C.If D.Un less 13. A.get over 14. A.exciteme nt B.run into C.look for D.put aside B.joy C.an ger D.fear 15.A.row B.hall C.path D.street 17.A.heavy B.

45、full C.expe nsive D.healthy 19.A.set B.reached C.missed D.dropped 20.A.stressful B.pai nful C.mea ningful D.peaceful 答案 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. C Cloze 4（2017 天津春 ）词数 :336 Standing in front of the bike shop, Dave st

46、ared at the shiny red bicycle in the window. He could 1 himself riding the bike in Saturday s race and winning the first-place medal and prize money. With that bike, I could even 2 Adam” Dave thought. He rode on and stopped at Peck s clothing store. The coat he 3 to buy his mother for her birthday was still on sale. Dave knew she would 4 buy it for herself. She worked hard just to make 5 meet. But the prize money would be _6 for him to buy that coat and surprise her. Dave looked at his old bike. Twoyears ago, he found someold bicycles at the 7 and used